Alfano v. Insurance Center of Torrington

525 A.2d 1338, 203 Conn. 607, 1987 Conn. LEXIS 853
CourtSupreme Court of Connecticut
DecidedMay 26, 1987
Docket12957
StatusPublished
Cited by28 cases

This text of 525 A.2d 1338 (Alfano v. Insurance Center of Torrington) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Connecticut primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Alfano v. Insurance Center of Torrington, 525 A.2d 1338, 203 Conn. 607, 1987 Conn. LEXIS 853 (Colo. 1987).

Opinion

Shea, J.

The plaintiff, Raymond G. Alfano, brought this action against the defendant, Insurance Center of Torrington, for its negligence in failing to procure fire insurance coverage for a building in Torrington that he had bought three days before a fire occurred. The original complaint also contained a malpractice claim against the attorney who had represented the plaintiff in purchasing the property for having failed to advise him of the need for insurance at the time the property was transferred to him. Before trial, the claim against the attorney was settled by a payment of $15,000 to the plaintiff, and the complaint was amended accordingly to withdraw the malpractice claim. The claim against the defendant insurance agency was then tried to a jury, which returned a verdict for the plaintiff, finding that he had sustained damages of $30,000 but had been 35 percent contributorily negligent and thus should be awarded $19,500.

The trial court denied the defendant’s motion to set aside the verdict but ordered a remittitur of $15,000, the amount the plaintiff had received from his attorney in settlement of the malpractice claim, of which the jury had been unaware. Initially, the defendant appealed from the judgment rendered after the court had refused to set aside the verdict. After the court had ordered a new trial pursuant to General Statutes [609]*609§ 52-216a1 following the plaintiffs refusal to comply with the remittitur, the plaintiff filed a cross appeal. The defendant later withdrew its appeal, leaving only the cross appeal to be decided.

The plaintiff claims the order of remittitur was erroneous for two reasons: (1) there was evidence before the jury that would have supported a finding that he had sustained damages substantially in excess of the $30,000 found by the jury; and (2) the remittitur effectively penalized him a second time for the negligence of his attorney, which the jury, pursuant to the charge, had imputed to him in reducing his recovery by 35 percent because of contributory negligence. We find no error.

I

With respect to his claim that the evidence supported a larger verdict, the plaintiff refers to some testimony [610]*610that the value of his building on December 24, 1981, when it was destroyed by fire, was greater than the $30,000 found by the jury.2 He does not contend, however, that the jury was bound to give full credit to this testimony. Although his complaint also alleged other elements of damage, such as the rental value of the building from the date of the fire, interest and attorney’s fees, he has not challenged the refusal of the court to submit these items to the jury for its consideration. The finding of the jury that the plaintiff had sustained damages of $30,000, therefore, cannot be successfully attacked and must be deemed a proper basis for the trial court to have relied upon in ordering the remittitur.

In Peck v. Jacquemin, 196 Conn. 53, 491 A.2d 1043 (1985), this court construed General Statutes § 52-216a, as it had been amended following our decision in Seals v. Hickey, 186 Conn. 337, 441 A.2d 604 (1982), to permit a payment by one joint tortfeasor resulting from a settlement before trial to reduce a jury verdict against another joint tortfeasor only where the verdict otherwise would be excessive as a matter of law.3 “In making its postverdict determination on the issue of any claimed excessiveness . . . the trial court [is] directed to consider the amount of money paid to a plaintiff as the result of [a settlement with another tortfeasor].” Peck v. Jacquemin, supra, 71.

[611]*611It can hardly be disputed that in this case the award of $19,500 to the plaintiff was excessive as a matter of law, because, when the $15,000 received in the settlement with his attorney is added to that sum, the plaintiff would receive total compensation of $34,500. This amount is $4500 greater than the jury’s finding of $30,000 as the amount of the plaintiff’s loss from the fire. The verdict was, therefore, excessive as a matter of law by $4500, even if the jury had made no deduction for the contributory negligence of the plaintiff.

Like the finding of $30,000 as the total loss the plaintiff sustained, the finding of 35 percent contributory negligence by the jury, corresponding to a reduction of $10,500 in the award, cannot be successfully challenged, nor has the plaintiff attempted to do so. Since the resulting verdict of $19,500 represents a legally unassailable determination of fair compensation for the plaintiff’s loss under our comparative negligence statute, General Statutes (Rev. to 1981) § 52-572h, any additional compensation received by the plaintiff for that loss must be deemed excessive as a matter of law. Accordingly, the trial court’s order that the plaintiff remit the $15,000 he had received in the settlement of his claim against his attorney, of which the jury was unaware in rendering its verdict, was entirely appropriate, unless the effect of the order was to duplicate wholly or partly the $10,500 reduction in the award attributable to the plaintiff’s contributory negligence. The plaintiff does not claim otherwise, but maintains that such a duplication did result from the remittitur order.

II

The plaintiff claims that the finding of 35 percent contributory negligence on his part was based wholly or partly on the negligence of the attorney who represented him in purchasing the property, which was [612]*612imputed to him under the court’s instructions. Thus he maintains that the remittitur order reduced the award a second time for the same negligence of his attorney that had been the basis for the jury’s reduction of $10,500 in the award. To the extent that the contributory negligence finding may have been based upon the plaintiff’s personal negligence, of course, the application of the payment received from the attorney as a joint tortfeasor would not duplicate any reduction in the verdict corresponding to that finding.

The special defense of contributory negligence pleaded by the defendant relied upon the negligence of both the plaintiff and his attorney in failing to contact the insurance agency before the closing in sufficient time “to obtain coverage on this building which was substandard and not insurable through normal commercial insurers.” The trial court submitted to the jury both the personal negligence of the plaintiff and the negligence of his attorney, which was imputed to the plaintiff, as the basis for finding contributory negligence. In finding contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff, the jury did not differentiate between his negligence and that of his attorney, imputed to him under principles of agency. See Nowak v. Nowak, 175 Conn. 112, 126, 394 A.2d 716 (1978). Neither party submitted interrogatories for the purpose of resolving this factual question. See Practice Book § 312. It cannot be ascertained, therefore, to what extent, if any, the finding of contributory negligence rests upon the negligence of the plaintiff’s attorney.

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Bluebook (online)
525 A.2d 1338, 203 Conn. 607, 1987 Conn. LEXIS 853, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/alfano-v-insurance-center-of-torrington-conn-1987.