7 8 9 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 10 FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
11 AIRDOCTOR, LLC, a Delaware Limited CASE NO. CV 22-5784-GW-ASx Liability Company, 12 Plaintiff, AMENDED FINAL JUDGMENT 13 AND ORDER 14 v. 15 XIAMEN QICHUANG TRADE CO., LTD., 16 Defendant. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 This matter came before the Court on the motion by Plaintiff AIRDOCTOR, LLC
2 (hereafter “Plaintiff” or “AirDoctor”) for entry of default judgment against Defendant
3 XIAMEN QICHUANG TRADE CO., LTD. (hereafter “Defendant”). The Court, having
4 reviewed the motion, all papers in support and opposition, and good cause appearing
5 therefor, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED as follows:
6 1. This case is a civil action arising under the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1125.
7 2. This Court has jurisdiction over these claims under 15 U.S.C. § 1121, and
8 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1367(a).
9 3. Venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b)(2).
10 4. Plaintiff AirDoctor, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company with its
11 principal place of business in Sherman Oaks, California.
12 5. Defendant is a foreign individuals/entity located in China.
13 6. AirDoctor is the owner of federal trademark registrations covering its
14 AIRDOCTOR1 and ULTRAHEPA trademarks. Plaintiff AirDoctor owns U.S.
15 Trademark Reg. No. 5177385 for AIRDOCTOR in Class 11 (“AIRDOCTOR
16 Registration” and “AIRDOCTOR Mark”, respectively) and U.S. Trademark Reg. No.
17 6300545 for ULTRAHEPA in Class 11 (“ULTRAHEPA Registration” and
18 “ULTRAHEPA Mark”, respectively).
19 7. Defendant operates the storefront, “Replacement Filter” where it sells the
20 substandard, imitation replacement filters under the “FCFMY” brand (the “Substandard
21 Filters”) on Amazon.com. Dkt. No. 1, Compl. at ¶¶42-43. On Amazon.com, Defendant
22 advertises that its Products are “HEPA” grade, are “compatible” with Plaintiff’s
23 AirDoctor Air Purifiers, “remove 99.97% of airborne particles down to 0.3 microns in
24 size” and “fit snugly” in the AirDoctor Air Purifier. Dkt. No. 1 at ¶¶44-47, Exs. H-I.
25 8. In its advertising and packaging of the Substandard Filters, Defendant
26 conveys the message to consumers that its Substandard Filters meet the HEPA standard
27 1 Unless otherwise noted, the Capitalized terms herein shall have the meaning 1 to trap 99.97% of airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns. Id. at ¶¶48-49. Moreover,
2 by claiming its Substandard Filters are “compatible” and “fit” AirDoctor units, Defendant
3 indicates that its Substandard Filters perform just as Plaintiff’s AirDoctor UltraHEPA
4 Filters do within the AirDoctor Air Purifiers, and that they properly fit in the AirDoctor
5 Air Purifiers to maintain a sealed system. Id. at 49.
6 9. Third-party laboratory testing of the Substandard Filters showed that the
7 Substandard Filters do not meet the meet the minimum HEPA standard to filter 99.97%
8 of particles as small as 0.3 microns when used in the AirDoctor Air Purifiers and that the
9 Substandard Filters fail to meet the performance and efficiency of genuine AirDoctor
10 UltraHEPA filters.
11 10. The Substandard Filters are not “compatible” or “fit” AirDoctor Air
12 Purifiers because the Substandard Filters use frames made from paper and foam which do
13 not form a proper seal in the AirDoctor Air Purifier unit and, thereby, allow unfiltered air
14 to pass directly between the frame and filter materials which significantly reduces the
15 performance of the Substandard Filters and the AirDoctor Air Purifiers, and do not filter
16 air in a “compatible”/equivalent manner to genuine AirDoctor UltraHEPA filters.
17 11. The industry-standard, third-party product research firm Helium-10, reports
18 that from December 2021 through June 2023, Defendant has sold 43,863 units of the
19 Substandard Filters.
20 12. On April 18, 2023, the Court granted Plaintiff’s application for an order
21 authorizing alternative service of process. Dkt. 27.
22 13. In accordance with the Court’s order, Plaintiff served the summons and
23 complaint on Defendant, but Defendant has not responded to the Complaint or otherwise
24 appeared or participated in this action. See Dkt. 32, 35.
25 14. Defendant is not a minor, infant, or otherwise incompetent person, and the
26 Servicemembers Civil Relief Act does not apply. Id.
27 15. Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55(b)(2), because Defendant has not 1 16. Because Defendant failed to appear or otherwise file a responsive pleading
2 to the Complaint, Plaintiff requested entry of default on June 21, 2023. Dkt. 35. The Clerk
3 entered Defendant’s default on June 22, 2023. Dkt. 36.
4 17. Accordingly, for the reasons stated by this Court in: (1) the Court’s
5 September 5, 2023 Tentative Ruling on Plaintiff's Motion For Entry of Default Judgment
6 Against Defendant (Dkt. 43); (2) the Court’s October 13, 2023 Further Consideration of
7 Plaintiff's Motion For Entry Of Default Judgment Against Defendant Following
8 Supplemental Briefing (Dkt. 48); (3) the Court’s May 15, 2025 status conference and (4)
9 the Ninth Circuit in its April 11, 2025 opinion in AirDoctor, LLC v. Xiamen Qichuang
10 Trade Co., Ltd., 134 F.4th 552 (9th Cir. 2025), the Court grants Plaintiff’s request for
11 damages under the Lanham Act in the form of Defendant’s revenues on its sales of the
12 Substandard Filters in the amount of $2,787,089.00.
13 18. The Court further finds that this case is “exceptional” under the Lanham Act
14 and grants an award of attorneys’ fees in the amount of $53,442.98 according to the
15 schedule set forth in Local Rule 55-3.
16 19. The Court grants Plaintiff’s request for a permanent injunction (“Permanent
17 Injunction”) as follows:
18 20. Defendant, including any employees, agents, servants, officers,
19 representatives, directors, attorneys, successors, affiliates, assigns, parent corporations
20 and entities owned or controlled by Defendant, and all those in active concert or
21 participation with Defendant (including, without limitation, the Amazon.com storefront
22 “Replacement Filter” and any and all related Amazon.com storefront(s), including,
23 without limitation, those owned and/or operated by Defendant) and other persons acting
24 in concert with them who receive actual notice of this Permanent Injunction by personal
25 service or otherwise (collectively the “Enjoined Persons”), are, within 14 days after the
26 issuance of this Permanent Injunction, hereby permanently restrained and enjoined from:
27 a. Manufacturing, importing, exporting, advertising, marketing, 1 otherwise possessing any Substandard Filters;
2 b. Manufacturing, importing, exporting, advertising, marketing,
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7 8 9 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 10 FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
11 AIRDOCTOR, LLC, a Delaware Limited CASE NO. CV 22-5784-GW-ASx Liability Company, 12 Plaintiff, AMENDED FINAL JUDGMENT 13 AND ORDER 14 v. 15 XIAMEN QICHUANG TRADE CO., LTD., 16 Defendant. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 This matter came before the Court on the motion by Plaintiff AIRDOCTOR, LLC
2 (hereafter “Plaintiff” or “AirDoctor”) for entry of default judgment against Defendant
3 XIAMEN QICHUANG TRADE CO., LTD. (hereafter “Defendant”). The Court, having
4 reviewed the motion, all papers in support and opposition, and good cause appearing
5 therefor, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED as follows:
6 1. This case is a civil action arising under the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1125.
7 2. This Court has jurisdiction over these claims under 15 U.S.C. § 1121, and
8 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1367(a).
9 3. Venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b)(2).
10 4. Plaintiff AirDoctor, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company with its
11 principal place of business in Sherman Oaks, California.
12 5. Defendant is a foreign individuals/entity located in China.
13 6. AirDoctor is the owner of federal trademark registrations covering its
14 AIRDOCTOR1 and ULTRAHEPA trademarks. Plaintiff AirDoctor owns U.S.
15 Trademark Reg. No. 5177385 for AIRDOCTOR in Class 11 (“AIRDOCTOR
16 Registration” and “AIRDOCTOR Mark”, respectively) and U.S. Trademark Reg. No.
17 6300545 for ULTRAHEPA in Class 11 (“ULTRAHEPA Registration” and
18 “ULTRAHEPA Mark”, respectively).
19 7. Defendant operates the storefront, “Replacement Filter” where it sells the
20 substandard, imitation replacement filters under the “FCFMY” brand (the “Substandard
21 Filters”) on Amazon.com. Dkt. No. 1, Compl. at ¶¶42-43. On Amazon.com, Defendant
22 advertises that its Products are “HEPA” grade, are “compatible” with Plaintiff’s
23 AirDoctor Air Purifiers, “remove 99.97% of airborne particles down to 0.3 microns in
24 size” and “fit snugly” in the AirDoctor Air Purifier. Dkt. No. 1 at ¶¶44-47, Exs. H-I.
25 8. In its advertising and packaging of the Substandard Filters, Defendant
26 conveys the message to consumers that its Substandard Filters meet the HEPA standard
27 1 Unless otherwise noted, the Capitalized terms herein shall have the meaning 1 to trap 99.97% of airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns. Id. at ¶¶48-49. Moreover,
2 by claiming its Substandard Filters are “compatible” and “fit” AirDoctor units, Defendant
3 indicates that its Substandard Filters perform just as Plaintiff’s AirDoctor UltraHEPA
4 Filters do within the AirDoctor Air Purifiers, and that they properly fit in the AirDoctor
5 Air Purifiers to maintain a sealed system. Id. at 49.
6 9. Third-party laboratory testing of the Substandard Filters showed that the
7 Substandard Filters do not meet the meet the minimum HEPA standard to filter 99.97%
8 of particles as small as 0.3 microns when used in the AirDoctor Air Purifiers and that the
9 Substandard Filters fail to meet the performance and efficiency of genuine AirDoctor
10 UltraHEPA filters.
11 10. The Substandard Filters are not “compatible” or “fit” AirDoctor Air
12 Purifiers because the Substandard Filters use frames made from paper and foam which do
13 not form a proper seal in the AirDoctor Air Purifier unit and, thereby, allow unfiltered air
14 to pass directly between the frame and filter materials which significantly reduces the
15 performance of the Substandard Filters and the AirDoctor Air Purifiers, and do not filter
16 air in a “compatible”/equivalent manner to genuine AirDoctor UltraHEPA filters.
17 11. The industry-standard, third-party product research firm Helium-10, reports
18 that from December 2021 through June 2023, Defendant has sold 43,863 units of the
19 Substandard Filters.
20 12. On April 18, 2023, the Court granted Plaintiff’s application for an order
21 authorizing alternative service of process. Dkt. 27.
22 13. In accordance with the Court’s order, Plaintiff served the summons and
23 complaint on Defendant, but Defendant has not responded to the Complaint or otherwise
24 appeared or participated in this action. See Dkt. 32, 35.
25 14. Defendant is not a minor, infant, or otherwise incompetent person, and the
26 Servicemembers Civil Relief Act does not apply. Id.
27 15. Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55(b)(2), because Defendant has not 1 16. Because Defendant failed to appear or otherwise file a responsive pleading
2 to the Complaint, Plaintiff requested entry of default on June 21, 2023. Dkt. 35. The Clerk
3 entered Defendant’s default on June 22, 2023. Dkt. 36.
4 17. Accordingly, for the reasons stated by this Court in: (1) the Court’s
5 September 5, 2023 Tentative Ruling on Plaintiff's Motion For Entry of Default Judgment
6 Against Defendant (Dkt. 43); (2) the Court’s October 13, 2023 Further Consideration of
7 Plaintiff's Motion For Entry Of Default Judgment Against Defendant Following
8 Supplemental Briefing (Dkt. 48); (3) the Court’s May 15, 2025 status conference and (4)
9 the Ninth Circuit in its April 11, 2025 opinion in AirDoctor, LLC v. Xiamen Qichuang
10 Trade Co., Ltd., 134 F.4th 552 (9th Cir. 2025), the Court grants Plaintiff’s request for
11 damages under the Lanham Act in the form of Defendant’s revenues on its sales of the
12 Substandard Filters in the amount of $2,787,089.00.
13 18. The Court further finds that this case is “exceptional” under the Lanham Act
14 and grants an award of attorneys’ fees in the amount of $53,442.98 according to the
15 schedule set forth in Local Rule 55-3.
16 19. The Court grants Plaintiff’s request for a permanent injunction (“Permanent
17 Injunction”) as follows:
18 20. Defendant, including any employees, agents, servants, officers,
19 representatives, directors, attorneys, successors, affiliates, assigns, parent corporations
20 and entities owned or controlled by Defendant, and all those in active concert or
21 participation with Defendant (including, without limitation, the Amazon.com storefront
22 “Replacement Filter” and any and all related Amazon.com storefront(s), including,
23 without limitation, those owned and/or operated by Defendant) and other persons acting
24 in concert with them who receive actual notice of this Permanent Injunction by personal
25 service or otherwise (collectively the “Enjoined Persons”), are, within 14 days after the
26 issuance of this Permanent Injunction, hereby permanently restrained and enjoined from:
27 a. Manufacturing, importing, exporting, advertising, marketing, 1 otherwise possessing any Substandard Filters;
2 b. Manufacturing, importing, exporting, advertising, marketing,
3 promoting, distributing, displaying, offering for sale, selling or
4 otherwise possessing any Substandard Filters and/or incompatible
5 replacement filter for any AirDoctor Air Purifier that expressly or
6 impliedly uses any of the following claims:
7 i. “HEPA”;
8 ii. “HEPA Filter”;
9 iii. “True HEPA”;
10 iv. “TRUE HEPA FILTER”
11 v. “H13 True HEPA Filter”
12 vi. “We promise to use H13 true HEPA filter which is approved to
13 remove 99.97% of airborne particles down to 0.3 microns in
14 size”;
15 vii. “Our filter is compatible with air purifier doctor models
16 AD3000, AD3000M, AD3000pro, Part No. ADF3001,
17 ADF3002”;
18 viii. Is “compatible with” or “for” AirDoctor Air Purifiers;
19 ix. “Fits” or “Fits Snugly for AD3000 Air Purifier”; and
20 x. Provides the same or equivalent performance to AirDoctor
21 UltraHEPA Filters.
22 c. Using the terms “AirDoctor”, the AIRDOCTOR Mark, the
23 ULTRAHEPA Mark, the AirDoctor model names or the terms “Air
24 Dr.”, “Air Doctor”, AD3000, AD3000, AD3000M, AD3000pro, Part
25 No. ADF3001, ADF3002, to advertise, market, offer to sell, or sell the
26 Substandard Filters specifically, or any incompatible replacement air
27 filters, generally; 1 other activity that suggests that Defendant, its products, or its business
2 is in any way affiliated with or approved, licensed, endorsed, or
3 sponsored by AirDoctor (or any parent, subsidiary, or affiliate of
4 AirDoctor);
5 e. Not bid on or use “AirDoctor”, the AIRDOCTOR Mark, the
6 ULTRAHEPA Mark, the AirDoctor model names or the terms listed
7 in Paragraph 21(c) above, in any internet advertising for listings for
8 the Substandard Filters specifically, or incompatible replacement air
9 filters, generally;
10 f. Not bid on or use “AirDoctor”, the AIRDOCTOR Mark, the
11 ULTRAHEPA Mark, the AirDoctor model names or the terms listed
12 in Paragraph 21(c) above, as SEO terms for search engine searches to
13 advertise listings for the Substandard Filters specifically, or
14 incompatible replacement air filters, generally;
15 g. Assisting, aiding or abetting any other person or business entity in
16 engaging in or performing any of the activities referred above in
17 Subparts 21(a) – (f), above.
18 21. Within 14 days following issuance of this Permanent Injunction, the
19 Enjoined Persons shall include the following disclaimer on all future advertising and
20 packaging the Substandard Filters, or any replacement filters intended for use in
21 AirDoctor Air Purifiers, in bold, clear and prominent text:
22 This is not a product manufactured, sold or otherwise associated with
23 the manufacturer. This product does not meet HEPA filtration
24 standards or the performance standards of the manufacturer’s genuine
25 filters when used in your air purifier. Use of this product will reduce
26 the performance of your air purifier, may damage the unit, and voids
27 the manufacturer warranty. 1 | the form attached as Exhibit A to all retailers, e-commerce websites, brokers, distributors, 2 ||dealers, wholesalers, importers, influencers, and customers who have purchased the 3 | Substandard Filters. 4 23. Within 14 days following the issuance of the Permanent Injunction, all 5 | Enjoined Persons shall remove, from all physical or web-based points of sale, all of 6 | Substandard Filters that use any of the terms set forth in Paragraph 21(b), above. 7 24. Plaintiff may serve notice of this judgment on Defendant via any of the 8 | alternative means previously approved by the Court. 9 10 | IT IS SO ORDERED. Apuoge He, Wo 12 Dated: May 27, 2025 HON. GEORGE H. WU, 13 United States District Judge 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ACE NO 9.99 ng □□□□□ □□□□□□ Ge
1 EXHIBIT A
2 TO: Our Customers and Retail Partners
3 SUBJECT: Corrective Statement Relating to the Advertising and Promotion of FCFMY
4 Relacement Filters
6 On August 15, 2022, AirDoctor LLC filed a civil lawsuit against Xiamen Qichuang
7 Trade Co., Ltd. alleging false and deceptive advertisng of its FCFMY brand replacement
8 filters it marketed for use in AirDoctor’s AD3000 Air Purifier (“Lawsuit”). On [INSERT
9 DATE OF DEFAULT JUDGMENT], the United States District Court for the Central
10 District of California entered a default judmgent against Xiamen Qichuang Trade Co., Ltd.
11 As part of the default judgment, the Court issued a permanent injunction enjoining
12 Xiamen Qichuang Trade Co., Ltd. from selling, offering to sell, marketing, promoting, or
13 advertising its FCFMY brand replacement filters as “HEPA” filters, “compatible with”,
14 “fit”, or provide equivalent performance to AirDoctor’s genuine UltraHEPA filters.
15 (“Permanent Injunction”). Attached as Exhibit 1 to this letter is a copy of the Permanent
16 Injunction.
17 The Court further ordered removal, from all physical or web-based points of sale,
18 all incompatible air filters that use any of the terms set forth in the Permanent Injunction,
19 including “HEPA”; “HEPA Filter”; “True HEPA”; “TRUE HEPA FILTER”; “H13 True
20 HEPA Filter”; or use of “AirDoctor”, the AIRDOCTOR Mark, the ULTRAHEPA Mark,
21 the AirDoctor model names or the terms “Air Dr.”, “Air Doctor”, AD3000, AD3000M,
22 AD3000pro, Part No. ADF3001, ADF3002, to advertise, market, offer to sell, or sell the
23 incompatible air filters specifically identified in the Lawsuit, or other incompatible
24 replacement air filters.