STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
18-34
AGNES JONES, ET AL
VERSUS
IBERIA PARISH GOVERNMENT, ET AL
**********
APPEAL FROM THE SIXTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF IBERIA, NO. 125902 HONORABLE LEWIS H. PITMAN, JR., DISTRICT JUDGE
D. KENT SAVOIE JUDGE
Court composed of John E. Conery, D. Kent Savoie, and Candyce G. Perret, Judges.
AFFIRMED. Rebecca M. Massa Blake Jones Law Firm, LLC 701 Poydras Street, Suite 4100 New Orleans, Louisiana 70139 (504) 525-4361 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLANT: Agnes Jones Agnes Jones o/b/o Yokohana Jones
Joslyn Renee Alex The Alex Law Firm Post Office Box 126 Breaux Bridge, Louisiana 70517 (337) 332-1180 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Joshua Washington
Allison M. Ackal Borne, Wilkes & Rabalais Post Office Box 4305 Lafayette, Louisiana 70502-4305 (337) 232-1604 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Iberia Parish Government Iberia Parish Public Works Department City of New Iberia SAVOIE, Judge.
Plaintiff, Agnes Jones, appeals the judgment of the trial court, granting the
City of New Iberia’s Exception of Prescription and dismissing her claims with
prejudice. For the following reasons, we affirm.
Facts and Procedural History
Jones alleges that she lost her footing, fell, and sustained injuries as a result
of a defective walkway located at 909 East Pershing Street in New Iberia,
Louisiana on March 14, 2014. On March 9, 2015, Jones filed a Petition for
Damages, individually and on behalf of her minor child, naming as defendants
Iberia Parish Government, Iberia Parish Public Works Department, and Joshua
Washington, the owner of the premises.
Jones filed a supplemental petition on February 22, 2017, adding as
defendants the City of New Iberia and the New Iberia Public Works Department.1
The City of New Iberia filed an Exception of Prescription on April 13, 2017,
arguing they did not have timely notice of the lawsuit. The trial court heard the
exception on July 21, 2017, and rendered judgment in favor of the City of New
Iberia on August 14, 2017. Jones now appeals.
Assignments of Error
Jones assigns the following errors to the trial court’s judgment:
1. Whether the trial court improperly held the City of New Iberia and Iberia Parish Government require a “connection” in order for a timely filed suit against one defendant to interrupt prescription as to both defendants?
2. Whether the trial court erred in failing to determine the City of New Iberia, Iberia Parish Government and Joshua Washington are joint tortfeasors such that suit filed timely naming Iberia Parish
1 The New Iberia Public Works Department was dismissed from the suit by consent judgment on July 21, 2017. Government and Joshua Washington also interrupts prescription as to the City of New Iberia?
Discussion
In Allain v. Tripple B Holding, LLC, 13-673, pp. 9-10 (La.App. 3 Cir.
12/11/13), 128 So.3d 1278, 1285, this court discussed the appellate standard of
review on an exception of prescription:
Prescription is a peremptory exception which is provided for in La.Code Civ.P. art. 927. Evidence in support or contravention of the exception may be introduced if the grounds are not apparent from the petition. La.Code Civ.P. art. 931. An appellate court reviews the exception under the manifest error standard of review if evidence is introduced in support or contravention of the exception. Dugas v. Bayou Teche Water Works, 10-1211 (La.App. 3 Cir. 4/6/11), 61 So.3d 826. If not, the appellate court “simply determines whether the trial court’s finding was legally correct.” Id. at 830.
Neither party introduced evidence at the hearing on the exception of prescription
held July 21, 2017. Therefore, we must determine whether the trial court’s finding
was legally correct.
The mover ordinarily bears the burden of proof on an exception of
prescription. Comeaux v. Romero, 15-473 (La.App. 3 Cir. 12/9/15), 182 So.3d
1102. However, “if prescription is evident on the face of the petition, the burden
shifts to the plaintiff to demonstrate that prescription has been suspended or
interrupted.” Id. at 1107.
Delictual liability claims must be brought within one year from the date of
injury or damage. La.Civ.Code art. 3492. In the present case, the City of New
Iberia was named as a defendant in Jones’ lawsuit by an amended petition filed
nearly three years after the accident. Thus, Jones’ claims against the City of New
Iberia are prescribed on the face of the petition, and Jones bears the burden of
proving that her claim has not prescribed.
2 In her first assignment of error, Jones complains that the trial court erred in
finding that the Iberia Parish Government and the City of New Iberia required a
“connection” in order to interrupt prescription. The basis for this complaint is that
Jones did not substitute the City of New Iberia for the Iberia Parish Government in
the amending petition, but, rather, she added a defendant. As such, Jones argues
that La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153 is inapplicable. We agree.
“Under certain circumstances a claim may be amended and considered
timely after the one-year period, so long as the original pleading was timely filed.”
Savoie v. Calcasieu Par. Sheriff Office, 14-1133, p. 4 (La.App. 3 Cir. 3/4/15), 157
So.3d 1278, 1281; See La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153. Louisiana Code of Civil
Procedure Article 1153 provides: “When the action or defense asserted in the
amended petition or answer arises out of the conduct, transaction, or occurrence set
forth or attempted to be set forth in the original pleading, the amendment relates
back to the date of filing the original pleading.”
In Ray v. Alexandria Mall, 434 So.2d 1083, 1086 (La.1983) (emphasis
added), the Louisiana Supreme Court established four criteria to determine
“whether La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153 allows an amendment which changes the
identity of the party or parties sued to relate back to the date of filing of the
original petition. The criteria are:
(1) The amended claim must arise out of the same transaction or occurrence set forth in the original pleading;
(2) The purported substitute defendant must have received notice of the institution of the action such that he will not be prejudiced in maintaining a defense on the merits;
(3) The purported substitute defendant must know or should have known that but for a mistake concerning the identity of the proper party defendant, the action would have been brought against him;
3 (4) The purported substitute defendant must not be a wholly new or unrelated defendant, since this would be tantamount to assertion of a new cause of action which would have otherwise prescribed.
Id. at 1087 (emphasis added).
In the amending petition, Jones does not attempt to change the identity of a
party sued in the original petition. The amending petition alleges:
III.
Plaintiffs respectfully amend Paragraph 4 of their petition, to read as follows[:]
“4.
Defendants, Joshua Washington, Iberia Parish Government, and Iberia Parish Public Works Department, City of New Iberia and New Iberia Public Works Department are liable jointly, severally and in solido unto plaintiff, Agnes Jones, individually and on behalf of her minor child Yokohana Jones, in a reasonable compensatory sum plus legal interest and all costs of these proceedings, for the following reasons to wit:”
IV.
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STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
18-34
AGNES JONES, ET AL
VERSUS
IBERIA PARISH GOVERNMENT, ET AL
**********
APPEAL FROM THE SIXTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF IBERIA, NO. 125902 HONORABLE LEWIS H. PITMAN, JR., DISTRICT JUDGE
D. KENT SAVOIE JUDGE
Court composed of John E. Conery, D. Kent Savoie, and Candyce G. Perret, Judges.
AFFIRMED. Rebecca M. Massa Blake Jones Law Firm, LLC 701 Poydras Street, Suite 4100 New Orleans, Louisiana 70139 (504) 525-4361 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLANT: Agnes Jones Agnes Jones o/b/o Yokohana Jones
Joslyn Renee Alex The Alex Law Firm Post Office Box 126 Breaux Bridge, Louisiana 70517 (337) 332-1180 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Joshua Washington
Allison M. Ackal Borne, Wilkes & Rabalais Post Office Box 4305 Lafayette, Louisiana 70502-4305 (337) 232-1604 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Iberia Parish Government Iberia Parish Public Works Department City of New Iberia SAVOIE, Judge.
Plaintiff, Agnes Jones, appeals the judgment of the trial court, granting the
City of New Iberia’s Exception of Prescription and dismissing her claims with
prejudice. For the following reasons, we affirm.
Facts and Procedural History
Jones alleges that she lost her footing, fell, and sustained injuries as a result
of a defective walkway located at 909 East Pershing Street in New Iberia,
Louisiana on March 14, 2014. On March 9, 2015, Jones filed a Petition for
Damages, individually and on behalf of her minor child, naming as defendants
Iberia Parish Government, Iberia Parish Public Works Department, and Joshua
Washington, the owner of the premises.
Jones filed a supplemental petition on February 22, 2017, adding as
defendants the City of New Iberia and the New Iberia Public Works Department.1
The City of New Iberia filed an Exception of Prescription on April 13, 2017,
arguing they did not have timely notice of the lawsuit. The trial court heard the
exception on July 21, 2017, and rendered judgment in favor of the City of New
Iberia on August 14, 2017. Jones now appeals.
Assignments of Error
Jones assigns the following errors to the trial court’s judgment:
1. Whether the trial court improperly held the City of New Iberia and Iberia Parish Government require a “connection” in order for a timely filed suit against one defendant to interrupt prescription as to both defendants?
2. Whether the trial court erred in failing to determine the City of New Iberia, Iberia Parish Government and Joshua Washington are joint tortfeasors such that suit filed timely naming Iberia Parish
1 The New Iberia Public Works Department was dismissed from the suit by consent judgment on July 21, 2017. Government and Joshua Washington also interrupts prescription as to the City of New Iberia?
Discussion
In Allain v. Tripple B Holding, LLC, 13-673, pp. 9-10 (La.App. 3 Cir.
12/11/13), 128 So.3d 1278, 1285, this court discussed the appellate standard of
review on an exception of prescription:
Prescription is a peremptory exception which is provided for in La.Code Civ.P. art. 927. Evidence in support or contravention of the exception may be introduced if the grounds are not apparent from the petition. La.Code Civ.P. art. 931. An appellate court reviews the exception under the manifest error standard of review if evidence is introduced in support or contravention of the exception. Dugas v. Bayou Teche Water Works, 10-1211 (La.App. 3 Cir. 4/6/11), 61 So.3d 826. If not, the appellate court “simply determines whether the trial court’s finding was legally correct.” Id. at 830.
Neither party introduced evidence at the hearing on the exception of prescription
held July 21, 2017. Therefore, we must determine whether the trial court’s finding
was legally correct.
The mover ordinarily bears the burden of proof on an exception of
prescription. Comeaux v. Romero, 15-473 (La.App. 3 Cir. 12/9/15), 182 So.3d
1102. However, “if prescription is evident on the face of the petition, the burden
shifts to the plaintiff to demonstrate that prescription has been suspended or
interrupted.” Id. at 1107.
Delictual liability claims must be brought within one year from the date of
injury or damage. La.Civ.Code art. 3492. In the present case, the City of New
Iberia was named as a defendant in Jones’ lawsuit by an amended petition filed
nearly three years after the accident. Thus, Jones’ claims against the City of New
Iberia are prescribed on the face of the petition, and Jones bears the burden of
proving that her claim has not prescribed.
2 In her first assignment of error, Jones complains that the trial court erred in
finding that the Iberia Parish Government and the City of New Iberia required a
“connection” in order to interrupt prescription. The basis for this complaint is that
Jones did not substitute the City of New Iberia for the Iberia Parish Government in
the amending petition, but, rather, she added a defendant. As such, Jones argues
that La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153 is inapplicable. We agree.
“Under certain circumstances a claim may be amended and considered
timely after the one-year period, so long as the original pleading was timely filed.”
Savoie v. Calcasieu Par. Sheriff Office, 14-1133, p. 4 (La.App. 3 Cir. 3/4/15), 157
So.3d 1278, 1281; See La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153. Louisiana Code of Civil
Procedure Article 1153 provides: “When the action or defense asserted in the
amended petition or answer arises out of the conduct, transaction, or occurrence set
forth or attempted to be set forth in the original pleading, the amendment relates
back to the date of filing the original pleading.”
In Ray v. Alexandria Mall, 434 So.2d 1083, 1086 (La.1983) (emphasis
added), the Louisiana Supreme Court established four criteria to determine
“whether La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153 allows an amendment which changes the
identity of the party or parties sued to relate back to the date of filing of the
original petition. The criteria are:
(1) The amended claim must arise out of the same transaction or occurrence set forth in the original pleading;
(2) The purported substitute defendant must have received notice of the institution of the action such that he will not be prejudiced in maintaining a defense on the merits;
(3) The purported substitute defendant must know or should have known that but for a mistake concerning the identity of the proper party defendant, the action would have been brought against him;
3 (4) The purported substitute defendant must not be a wholly new or unrelated defendant, since this would be tantamount to assertion of a new cause of action which would have otherwise prescribed.
Id. at 1087 (emphasis added).
In the amending petition, Jones does not attempt to change the identity of a
party sued in the original petition. The amending petition alleges:
III.
Plaintiffs respectfully amend Paragraph 4 of their petition, to read as follows[:]
“4.
Defendants, Joshua Washington, Iberia Parish Government, and Iberia Parish Public Works Department, City of New Iberia and New Iberia Public Works Department are liable jointly, severally and in solido unto plaintiff, Agnes Jones, individually and on behalf of her minor child Yokohana Jones, in a reasonable compensatory sum plus legal interest and all costs of these proceedings, for the following reasons to wit:”
IV.
Plaintiffs again reallege and reaver each and every allegation of their original petition as if set here in full. A copy of their original petition is annexed hereto as Exhibit A.
The City of New Iberia is not in the posture of a substitute defendant. Instead,
Jones alleges that they are joint tortfeasors, and, as such, they are a wholly new
defendant added to the suit, in addition to the original defendants.
Accordingly, we agree with Jones that La.Code Civ.P. art. 1153 does not
apply to the present case. However, this does not end our inquiry. We must now
determine whether prescription as to the City of New Iberia was interrupted when
Jones filed the original petition.
Jones contends that the trial court erred when it found that prescription was
not interrupted in this lawsuit. It is Jones’ position that, because she alleged that
4 the City of New Iberia and the Iberia Parish Government are joint tortfeasors in her
amended petition, prescription has been interrupted. We disagree.
Joint tortfeasor liability is found in La.Civ.Code art. 2324(B) which states, in
pertinent part:
[L]iability for damages caused by two or more persons shall be a joint and divisible obligation. A joint tortfeasor shall not be liable for more than his degree of fault and shall not be solidarily liable with any other person for damages attributable to the fault of such other person, including the person suffering injury, death, or loss, regardless of such other person’s insolvency, ability to pay, degree of fault, immunity by statute or otherwise, including but not limited to immunity as provided in R.S. 23:1032, or that the other person’s identity is not known or reasonably ascertainable.
Louisiana Civil Code Article 2324(C) provides that “[i]nterruption of
prescription against one joint tortfeasor is effective against all joint tortfeasors.”
As stated above, Jones has the burden of proving that the suit against the City of
New Iberia was interrupted by the filing of the lawsuit against the Iberia Parish
Government.
A review of the pleadings reveals that, while Jones made the allegation that
the City of New Iberia was a joint tortfeasor with the Iberia Parish Government,
she did not allege any facts on which to base that conclusion. Louisiana has a
system of fact pleading, and “[t]he mere conclusion of the pleader unsupported by
facts does not set forth a cause or right of action.” Montalvo v. Sondes, 93–2813,
p. 6 (La. 5/23/94), 637 So.2d 127, 131.
It is clear from the amending petition that Jones does not allege any facts
upon which the City of New Iberia and the Iberia Parish Government could be
joint tortfeasors. In fact, she does not state any relationship between the City of
New Iberia and the accident or its location. For example, we do not know if the
City of New Iberia owns the property at issue, holds the right of way, or is in
5 charge of its maintenance, etc. Merely stating that the two parties are joint
tortfeasors is not enough to allege joint tortfeasor liability. Because Jones has not
properly alleged joint tortfeasor liability, she has not carried her burden of proving
that prescription has been interrupted.
Decree
For the reasons assigned above, the judgment of the trial court, granting the
City of New Iberia’s exception of prescription, is affirmed. All costs of this appeal
are assessed to Agnes Jones.
AFFIRMED.