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Title 23
FEDERAL · U.S. CODE
Title 23 — Highways
169 sections across 6 chapters.
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Chapter 1
FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS
§ 101
Definitions and declaration of policy
§ 102
Program efficiencies
§ 103
National Highway System
§ 104
Apportionment
§ 105
Repealed. Pub. L. 117–58, div. A, title I, §11501(a), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 578
§ 106
Project approval and oversight
§ 107
Acquisition of rights-of-way—Interstate System
§ 108
Advance acquisition of real property
§ 109
Standards
§ 110
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 111
Agreements relating to use of and access to rights-of-way—Interstate System
§ 112
Letting of contracts
§ 113
Prevailing rate of wage
§ 114
Construction
§ 115
Advance construction
§ 116
Maintenance
§ 117
Nationally significant multimodal freight and highway projects
§ 118
Availability of funds
§ 119
National highway performance program
§ 120
Federal share payable
§ 121
Payment to States for construction
§ 122
Payments to States for bond and other debt instrument financing
§ 123
Relocation of utility facilities
§ 124
Bridge investment program
§ 125
Emergency relief
§ 126
Transferability of Federal-aid highway funds
§ 127
Vehicle weight limitations—Interstate System
§ 128
Public hearings
§ 129
Toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries
§ 130
Railway-highway crossings
§ 131
Control of outdoor advertising
§ 132
Payments on Federal-aid projects undertaken by a Federal agency
§ 133
Surface transportation block grant program
§ 134
Metropolitan transportation planning
§ 135
Statewide and nonmetropolitan transportation planning
§ 136
Control of junkyards
§ 137
Fringe and corridor parking facilities
§ 138
Preservation of parklands
§ 139
Efficient environmental reviews for project decisionmaking and One Federal Decision
§ 140
Nondiscrimination
§ 141
Enforcement of requirements
§ 142
Public transportation
§ 143
Highway use tax evasion projects
§ 144
National bridge and tunnel inventory and inspection standards
§ 145
Federal-State relationship
§ 146
Carpool and vanpool projects
§ 147
Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities
§ 148
Highway safety improvement program
§ 149
Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program
§ 150
National goals and performance management measures
§ 151
National electric vehicle charging and hydrogen, propane, and natural gas fueling corridors
§ 152
Hazard elimination program
§ 153
Use of safety belts and motorcycle helmets
§ 154
Open container requirements
§ 155
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 156
Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property
§ 157
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 reporting program
§ 158
National minimum drinking age
§ 159
Revocation or suspension of drivers' licenses of individuals convicted of drug offenses
§ 160
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 161
Operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated minors
§ 162
National scenic byways program
§ 163
Safety incentives to prevent operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated persons
§ 164
Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence
§ 165
Territorial and Puerto Rico highway program
§ 166
HOV facilities
§ 167
National highway freight program
§ 168
Integration of planning and environmental review
§ 169
Development of programmatic mitigation plans
§ 170
Funding flexibility for transportation emergencies
§ 171
Wildlife crossings pilot program
§ 172
Wildlife-vehicle collision reduction and habitat connectivity improvement
§ 173
Rural surface transportation grant program
§ 174
State human capital plans
§ 175
Carbon reduction program
§ 176
Promoting Resilient Operations for Transformative, Efficient, and Cost-saving Transportation (PROTECT) program
§ 177
Neighborhood access and equity grant program
§ 178
Environmental review implementation funds
§ 179
Low-carbon transportation materials grants
Chapter 2
OTHER HIGHWAYS
§ 201
Federal lands and tribal transportation programs
§ 202
Tribal transportation program
§ 203
Federal lands transportation program
§ 204
Federal lands access program
§ 205
Forest development roads and trails
§ 206
Recreational trails program
§ 207
Tribal transportation self-governance program
§ 208
Safe routes to school
§ 209
Repealed. Pub. L. 97–424, title I, §126(d), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2115
§ 210
Defense access roads
§ 211
Repealed. Pub. L. 100–17, title I, §133(e)(1), Apr. 2, 1987, 101 Stat. 173
§ 212
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 213
Repealed. Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title I, §1109(c)(2), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1343
§ 214
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1119(b), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 491
§ 215
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1114(b)(2)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 468
§ 216
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 217
Bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways
§ 218
Alaska Highway
§ 219
Repealed. Pub. L. 100–17, title I, §133(e)(1), Apr. 2, 1987, 101 Stat. 173
Chapter 3
GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 301
Freedom from tolls
§ 302
State transportation department
§ 303
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 304
Participation by small business enterprises
§ 305
Archeological and paleontological salvage
§ 306
Mapping
§ 307
Repealed. Pub. L. 105–178, title V, §5119(b), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 452
§ 308
Cooperation with Federal and State agencies and foreign countries
§ 309
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, §1519(b)(1)(A), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 575
§ 310
Civil defense
§ 311
Highway improvements strategically important to the national defense
§ 312
Detail of Army, Navy, and Air Force officers
§ 313
Buy America
§ 314
Relief of employees in hazardous work
§ 315
Rules, regulations, and recommendations
§ 316
Consent by United States to conveyance of property
§ 317
Appropriation for highway purposes of lands or interests in lands owned by the United States
§ 318
Highway relocation due to airport
§ 319
Landscaping and scenic enhancement
§ 320
Bridges on Federal dams
§ 321
Signs identifying funding sources
§ 322
Magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment program
§ 323
Donations and credits
§ 324
Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sex
§ 325
Repealed. Pub. L. 117–58, div. A, title I, §11525(r), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 608
§ 326
State assumption of responsibility for categorical exclusions
§ 327
Surface transportation project delivery program
§ 328
Eligibility for environmental restoration and pollution abatement
§ 329
Eligibility for control of noxious weeds and aquatic noxious weeds and establishment of native species
§ 330
Program for eliminating duplication of environmental reviews
§ 331
Evaluation of projects within an operational right-of-way
§ 332
Pollinator-friendly practices on roadsides and highway rights-of-way
Chapter 4
HIGHWAY SAFETY
§ 401
Authority of the Secretary
§ 402
Highway safety programs
§ 403
Highway safety research and development
§ 404
High-visibility enforcement program
§ 405
National priority safety programs
§ 406
General requirements for Federal assistance
§ 407
Discovery and admission as evidence of certain reports and surveys
§ 408
Agency accountability
§ 409
Renumbered §407
§ 412
Renumbered §408
Chapter 5
RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND EDUCATION
§ 501
Definitions
§ 502
Surface transportation research, development, and technology
§ 503
Research and technology development and deployment
§ 504
Training and education
§ 505
State planning and research
§ 508
Repealed. Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VI, §6019(d)(1)(A), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1581
§ 509
Repealed. Pub. L. 112–141, div. E, title II, §52008(a), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 882
§ 510
Future strategic highway research program
§ 511
Multistate corridor operations and management
§ 512
National ITS program plan
§ 513
Use of funds for ITS activities
§ 514
Goals and purposes
§ 515
General authorities and requirements
§ 516
Research and development
§ 517
National architecture and standards
§ 518
Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications systems deployment
§ 519
Infrastructure development
§ 520
Transportation Resilience and Adaptation Centers of Excellence
Chapter 6
INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE
§ 601
Generally applicable provisions
§ 602
Determination of eligibility and project selection
§ 603
Secured loans
§ 604
Lines of credit
§ 605
Program administration
§ 606
State and local permits
§ 607
Regulations
§ 608
Funding
§ 609
Reports to Congress
§ 610
State infrastructure bank program
§ 611
Asset concessions and innovative finance assistance