FEDERAL · 18 U.S.C. · Chapter 25
Foreign obligations or securities
18 U.S.C. § 478
Title18 — Crimes and Criminal Procedure
Chapter25 — COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY
This text of 18 U.S.C. § 478 (Foreign obligations or securities) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.
Bluebook
18 U.S.C. § 478.
Text
Whoever, within the United States, with intent to defraud, falsely makes, alters, forges, or counterfeits any bond, certificate, obligation, or other security of any foreign government, purporting to be or in imitation of any such security issued under the authority of such foreign government, or any treasury note, bill, or promise to pay, lawfully issued by such foreign government and intended to circulate as money, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.
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Source Credit
History
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 707; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 107–56, title III, §375(a), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 341.)
Editorial Notes
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §270 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, §156, 35 Stat. 1117).
Reference to persons causing, procuring, aiding or assisting was omitted as unnecessary as such persons are made principals by section 2 of this title.
Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.
Changes were also made in phraseology.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2001—Pub. L. 107–56 substituted "20 years" for "five years".
1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000".
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §270 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, §156, 35 Stat. 1117).
Reference to persons causing, procuring, aiding or assisting was omitted as unnecessary as such persons are made principals by section 2 of this title.
Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.
Changes were also made in phraseology.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2001—Pub. L. 107–56 substituted "20 years" for "five years".
1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000".
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Bluebook (online)
18 U.S.C. § 478, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/usc/18/478.