West Virginia § 46-8-106 Control

West Virginia Statutes

§ 46-8-106 — Control

West Virginia § 46-8-106

Ch. 46UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE

Art. 8INVESTMENT SECURITIES

This text of West Virginia § 46-8-106 (Control) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering West Virginia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

W. Va. Code § 46-8-106 (2026).

Text

(a)A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in bearer form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser.

(b)A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in registered form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser and:

(1)The certificate is indorsed to the purchaser or in blank by an effective indorsement;

(2)The certificate is registered in the name of the purchaser, upon original issue or registration of transfer by the issuer; or

(3)Another person has control of the security entitlement on behalf of the purchaser or, having previously acquired control of the security entitlement, acknowledges that it has control on behalf of the purchaser.

(c)A purchaser has "control" of an uncertificated security if:

(1)The uncertificated

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(a) A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in bearer form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser.

(b) A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in registered form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser and:

(1) The certificate is indorsed to the purchaser or in blank by an effective indorsement;

(2) The certificate is registered in the name of the purchaser, upon original issue or registration of transfer by the issuer; or

(3) Another person has control of the security entitlement on behalf of the purchaser or, having previously acquired control of the security entitlement, acknowledges that it has control on behalf of the purchaser.

(c) A purchaser has "control" of an uncertificated security if:

(1) The uncertificated security is delivered to the purchaser; or

(2) The issuer has agreed that it will comply with instructions originated by the purchaser without further consent by the registered owner.

(d) A purchaser has "control" of a security entitlement if:

(1) The purchaser becomes the entitlement holder; or

(2) The securities intermediary has agreed that it will comply with entitlement orders originated by the purchaser without further consent by the entitlement holder.

(e) If an interest in a security entitlement is granted by the entitlement holder to the entitlement holder's own securities intermediary, the securities intermediary has control.

(f) A purchaser who has satisfied the requirements of subdivision (2), subsection (c) of this section or subdivision (2), subsection (d) of this section has control even if the registered owner in the case of subdivision (2), subsection (c) of this section, subsection (c) of this section or the entitlement holder in the case of subdivision (2), subsection (d) of this section retains the right to make substitutions for the uncertificated security or security entitlement, to originate instructions or entitlement orders to the issuer or securities intermediary, or otherwise to deal with the uncertificated security or security entitlement.

(g) An issuer or a securities intermediary may not enter into an agreement of the kind described in subdivision (2), subsection (c) of this section or subdivision (2), subsection (d) of this section without the consent of the registered owner or entitlement holder, but an issuer or a securities intermediary is not required to enter into such an agreement even though the registered owner or entitlement holder so directs. An issuer or securities intermediary that has entered into such an agreement is not required to confirm the existence of the agreement to another party unless requested to do so by the registered owner or entitlement holder.