Virginia § 8.8A-404 Wrongful registration

Virginia Statutes

§ 8.8A-404 — Wrongful registration

Virginia § 8.8A-404

Title 8.8ACOMMERCIAL CODE — INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Part 4REGISTRATION

This text of Virginia § 8.8A-404 (Wrongful registration) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Virginia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

Va. Code Ann. § 8.8A-404 (2026).

Text

(a)Except as otherwise provided in § 8.8A-406, an issuer is liable for wrongful registration of transfer if the issuer has registered a transfer of a security to a person not entitled to it, and the transfer was registered:

(1)pursuant to an ineffective endorsement or instruction;

(2)after a demand that the issuer not register transfer became effective under § 8.8A-403 (a) and the issuer did not comply with § 8.8A-403 (b);

(3)after the issuer had been served with an injunction, restraining order, or other legal process enjoining it from registering the transfer, issued by a court of competent jurisdiction, and the issuer had a reasonable opportunity to act on the injunction, restraining order, or other legal process; or

(4)by an issuer acting in collusion with the wrongdoer.

(b)

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(a) Except as otherwise provided in § 8.8A-406, an issuer is liable for wrongful registration of transfer if the issuer has registered a transfer of a security to a person not entitled to it, and the transfer was registered:

(1) pursuant to an ineffective endorsement or instruction;

(2) after a demand that the issuer not register transfer became effective under § 8.8A-403 (a) and the issuer did not comply with § 8.8A-403 (b);

(3) after the issuer had been served with an injunction, restraining order, or other legal process enjoining it from registering the transfer, issued by a court of competent jurisdiction, and the issuer had a reasonable opportunity to act on the injunction, restraining order, or other legal process; or

(4) by an issuer acting in collusion with the wrongdoer.

(b) An issuer that is liable for wrongful registration of transfer under subsection (a) on demand shall provide the person entitled to the security with a like certificated or uncertificated security, and any payments or distributions that the person did not receive as a result of the wrongful registration. If an overissue would result, the issuer's liability to provide the person with a like security is governed by § 8.8A-210.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (a) or in a law relating to the collection of taxes, an issuer is not liable to an owner or other person suffering loss as a result of the registration of a transfer of a security if registration was made pursuant to an effective endorsement or instruction.