§ 33.022 — INVESTIGATIONS AND FORMAL PROCEEDINGS.

Texas § 33.022

• Jurisdiction: Texas
• Code GV: Government Code

Text

Sec. 33.022. INVESTIGATIONS AND FORMAL PROCEEDINGS. (a) The commission may conduct a preliminary investigation of the circumstances surrounding an allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability of a judge to determine if the allegation or appearance is unfounded or frivolous.
(b) If, after conducting a preliminary investigation under this section, commission staff determine that an allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability is unfounded or frivolous, commission staff shall recommend the commission terminate the investigation and dismiss the complaint.
(b-1) If, after conducting a preliminary investigation under this section, commission staff determine administrative deficiencies in the complaint preclude further investigation, commission staff may terminate the investigation and dismiss the complaint without action by the commission.
(b-2) If a complaint is dismissed under Subsection (b) or (b-1), the commission shall notify the judge in writing of the dismissal not more than five business days after the dismissal date.
(c) If, after conducting a preliminary investigation under this section, the commission does not determine that an allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability is unfounded or frivolous, the commission:
(1) shall:
(A) conduct a full investigation of the circumstances surrounding the allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability; and
(B) not more than seven business days after the commission staff commences a full investigation under this subsection, notify the judge in writing of:
(i) the commencement of the investigation;
(ii) the nature of the allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability being investigated; and
(iii) the judge's right to attend each commission meeting at which the complaint is included in the report filed with commission members under Section 33.0212 (a-2); and
(2) may:
(A) order the judge to:
(i) submit a written response to the allegation or appearance of misconduct or disability; or
(ii) appear informally before the commission;
(B) order the deposition of any person; or
(C) request the complainant to appear informally before the commission.
(d) The commission shall serve an order issued by the commission under Subsection (c)(2)(B) on the person who is the subject of the deposition and the judge who is the subject of the investigation. The order must be served within a reasonable time before the date of the deposition.
(e) The commission may file an application in a district court to enforce an order issued by the commission under Subsection (c)(2)(B).
(f) The commission shall notify the judge in writing of the disposition of a full investigation conducted by the commission under this section.
(g) If after the investigation has been completed the commission concludes that formal proceedings will be instituted, the matter shall be entered in a docket to be kept for that purpose and written notice of the institution of formal proceedings shall be served on the judge without delay. The proceedings shall be entitled:
"Before the State Commission on Judicial Conduct Inquiry Concerning a Judge, No. ___"
(h) The notice shall specify in ordinary and concise language the charges against the judge and the alleged facts on which the charges are based and the specific standards contended to have been violated. The judge is entitled to file a written answer to the charges against the judge not later than the 15th day after the notice is served on the judge, and the notice shall so advise the judge.
(i) The notice shall be served on the judge or the judge's attorney of record by personal service of a copy of the notice by a person designated by the chairperson. The person serving the notice shall promptly notify the clerk in writing of the date on which the notice was served. If it appears to the chairperson on affidavit that, after reasonable effort during a period of 10 days, personal service could not be had, service may be made by mailing by registered or certified mail copies of the notice addressed to the judge at the judge's chambers or at the judge's last known residence in an envelope marked "personal and confidential." The date of mailing shall be entered in the docket.
(j) A judge at the judge's request may elect to have any hearing open to the public or to persons designated by the judge. The right of a judge to an open hearing does not preclude placing witnesses under the rule as provided by the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure.
(k) A judge is not entitled to a jury trial in formal proceedings before a special master or the commission.
(l) The commission shall adopt procedures for hearing from judges and complainants appearing before the commission. The procedures shall ensure the confidentiality of a complainant's identity as provided under Section 33.0321 .

Legislative History

Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 480, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1985. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 486, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 31, 1987; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 596, Sec. 1, 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1993; Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 462, Sec. 6, eff. June 18, 1999; Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 917, Sec. 12, eff. Sept. 1, 2001. Amended by: Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1130 (S.B. 293 ), Sec. 9, eff. September 1, 2025.