§ R-Y — Index range: R-Y

New York § R-Y

• Jurisdiction: New York
• Law CNS: Constitution

Text

INDEX\n Art. Sec.\nRAILROADS:\n Construction or operation of street,\n restrictions........................... 3 17\n Grade crossings,\n Debts, issuance of bonds for\n elimination.......................... 7 14\n Expense of elimination, how\n borne................................ 7 14\n Incidental improvements................ 7 14\n New York city,\n Segregation of unexpended state\n moneys for elimination............. 7 14\n Reimbursement by railroads............. 7 14\n State debt, maximum amount for\n elimination and improvement.......... 7 14\n Local laws, power of local governments\n to adopt or amend.................... 9 2(c)\n New York city,\n Debts excluded in computing\n limitation........................... 8 7,7a\n Financing by serial bonds.............. 8 2\nRAILROAD PASSENGERS(see "Port of New York\nAuthority").\nRAILROAD TRACKS (see also "Railroads"):\n Laying down, privilege by private\n or local bill prohibited............... 3 17\nRAPID TRANSIT RAILROADS (see "Railroads).\nRATE OF INTEREST (see "Interest").\nREAL PROPERTY (see also"Lands,"\n"Municipalities," "Property," "Taxation\n and Taxes").\n Summary of proceedings to recover,\n County court, jurisdiction............. 6 11(a)\n New York city-wide court\n of civil Jurisdiction................ 6 15(b)\nREBELLION:\n Suspension of writ of habeas corpus...... 1 4\nRECREATION:\n Rehabilitation of substandard and\n insanitary areas....................... 18 1\n Use of certain forest preserve lands. 14 3\nRECORDS:\n Abolished courts, to be deposited with\n clerk of county in which courts are\n located................................ 6 35(a)\nREDEMPTION:\n Certificate of indebtedness,\n Municipal appropriations............... 8 2\n New York city, taxes excluded\n from limitation of tax on real\n -- 1 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n property............................. 8 11\nREFEREE:\n Judges and justices, prohibition\n against acting......................... 6 20(b)(4)\n Official, office abolished............... 6 35(k)\nREFERENDUM:\n Amendments to the constitution........... 19 1\n Annexation of territory, local\n government............................. 9 1(d)\n Constitutional amendments................ 19 1\n Counties, alternative form of\n government............................. 9 2\n Creation of state debt................... 7 11\n Grade crossing elimination............... 7 14\n Local laws, amendment or repeal of\n certain................................ 9 1(a),2(c)\n Housing,\n Contracts for payment of subsidies..... 18 3\n Debt for low rent and slum clearing\n projects............................. 18 3\n Public corporations, approval of grant\n of powers.............................. 10 5\n School districts, certain,\n propositions to increase tax\n limitation............................. 8 10\n State debt, creation..................... 7 11\nREFORMATORIES (see also "Correctional\nInstitutions," "Prisons"):\n Contract system abolished................ 3 24\n Labor, product or profit for benefit\n of state, municipality or public\n corporation............................ 3 24\n Legislature,\n Maintenance and support................ 17 5\n Occupation and employment of\n prisoners............................ 3 24\n State board of social welfare,\n visitation............................. 17 2\n Voting residence of prisoners not\n affected............................... 2 4\nREFUNDING:\n Municipal debt, conditions............... 8 2\n State debt, conditions................... 7 13\nREGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE\nOF NEW YORK (see also "University of\nthe State of New York"):\n Commissioner of education, appointment\n and removal............................ 5 4\n Consent required, for increase in debt\n limit of certain school districts...... 8 4\n -- 2 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Education department, head............... 5 4\n Renamed and continued as University of\n the State of New York................ 11 2\nREGISTERS (see "County Registers").\nREGISTRATION OF VOTERS (see\n"Elections").\nREHIBILITATION (see also "Housing"):\n Housing, substandard and insanitary\n areas.................................. 18 1\nRELIGION:\n Children, adoption, etc., religious\n persuasion to control.................. 6 32\n Discrimination in civil rights\n prohibited............................. 1 11\n Free exercise and enjoyment\n guaranteed............................. 1 3\n Witness, competency unaffected by\n religious belief....................... 1 3\nRELIGIOUS CORPORATIONS (see also\n"Corporations"):\n Tax exemption of property................ 16 1\nRELIGIOUS SCHOOLS:\n State aid prohibited..................... 11 3\nRELIGIOUS WORSHIP:\n Acts of licentiousness not excused....... 1 3\n Freedom guaranteed....................... 1 3\n Practices inimical to pease and\n safety not sanctioned.................. 1 3\nREMOVAL FROM OFFICE:\n Clerks of counties....................... 13 13(a)\n District attorneys....................... 13 13(a)\n Governor, lieutenant-governor to act..... 4 5\n Impeachment, extent of judgment.......... 6 24\n Judges and justices,\n Court on the judiciary, procedure...... 6 22(a-h)\n Judges of court of appeals and\n justices of supreme court............ 6 23(a)\n Removal by court on the judiciary\n except for cause prohibited.......... 6 23(c)\n Judgment, extent upon impeachment........ 6 24\n Judicial officers generally.............. 6 23(a,b,c)\n Public officers,\n Failure to sign waiver of immunity\n or refusal to testify................ 1 6\n Generally.............................. 13 5\n Registers.............................. 13 13(a)\n Sheriffs............................... 13 13(a)\nREPEAL:\n Common law, colonial and statutory laws\n and resolutions........................ 1 14\n -- 3 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Corporations, alteration or repeal of\n laws................................... 10 1\n Law authorizing debt..................... 7 11\n Taxation, alteration or repeal of\n exemptions............................. 16 1\nREPRIEVES:\n Communication of each case to\n legislature............................ 4 4\n Governor, power to grant, exceptions..... 4 4\n Treason, power of legislature to grant... 4 4\nRESERVE FORCES (see "Militia").\nRESERVOIRS:\n Forest lands,\n Charges for benefit.................... 14 2\n Construction, conditions............... 14 2\n Improvements, apportionment of cost.... 14 2\n Operation, apportionment of cost....... 14 2\n Use for construction and\n maintenance, hearings................ 14 2\nRESIDENCE (see also specific offices):\n Judges and justices (see specific courts).\n Legislature, member, qualification....... 3 7\n Voters, when not deemed to have gained\n or lost.............................. 2 4\nRETIREMENT FOR AGE:\n Enumerated judges and justices........... 6 25(b)\nRETIREMENT FOR DISABILITY:\n Appellate division, power, certain\n courts................................. 6 22(i)\n Court of the judiciary, power............ 6 22(a-h)\n Compensation after retirement............ 6 22(c)\n Judicial officers enumerated............. 6 22(a)\nRETIREMENT FUND:\n Municipalities, debts excluded in\n computing limitation................... 8 5\nRETIREMENT SYSTEM (see "Pension and\nRetirement Systems").\nRICHMOND COUNTY:\n County court,\n Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)\n Actions and proceedings, transferred\n to supreme court..................... 6 35(b)\n Appeals, where taken................. 6 35(m)\n Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)\n Judges, to be justices of supreme\n court for remainder of term.......... 6 6(d) 35(b)\n Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)\n Personnel, non-judicial, assigned\n to certain courts.................... 6 35(1)\n Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)\n -- 4 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)\nRIGHTS, BILL OF............................ 1 1-18\nRIGHTS OF ACTION (see "Judicial\nProceedings").\nRIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES:\n Accused, rights (see "Criminal Actions").\n Apportionment of members of assembly,\n right to judicial review............... 3 5\n Assembly, right guaranteed............... 1 9\n Bail, prohibition against\n excessive.............................. 1 5\n Bill of rights, generally................ 1 1-18\n Citizens not to be deprived, exception... 1 1\n Civil rights, guaranty against\n discrimination......................... 1 11\n Due process of law....................... 1 6\n Exclusive grant by private or\n local bill prohibited.................. 3 17\n Fines, prohibition against excessive..... 1 5\n Indictment by grand jury in capital\n or infamous crimes, exception.......... 1 6\n Interception of telephone and telegraph\n communications, unreasonable\n prohibited............................. 1 12\n Petition, right guaranteed............... 1 9\n Private property not to be taken without\n just compensation...................... 1 7\n Punishment, prohibition against cruel\n and unusual............................ 1 5\n Religion, freedom guaranteed............. 1 3\n Security against unreasonable searches\n and seizures........................... 1 12\n Speech and press, freedom guaranteed..... 1 8\n Voting,\n Disfranchisement prohibited............ 1 1\n Secrecy guaranteed..................... 2 7\n Witnesses, prohibition against unreason-\n able detention......................... 1 5\n Writ of habeas corpus guaranteed,\n exception.............................. 1 4\nROCHESTER, CITY OF:\n Improvement, debts excluded in computing\n limitation............................. 8 6\nROCKLAND COUNTY:\n Special county judge, office abolished,\n judge to be judge of family court for\n remainder of term...................... 6 35(g)\nRULES AND REGULAIONS:\n Court on the judiciary may make its own.. 6 22(f)\n Departmental, filing and publication,\n -- 5 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n exception.............................. 4 8\n State agencies, filing and publication,\n exception.............................. 4 8\nSAFETY (see "Health and Safety").\nSAILORS (see "Soldiers and Sailors").\nSALARIES (see "Compensation").\nSALES:\n Canals, prohibition,..................... 15 1\n Exceptions............................. 15 2\n Forest preserves, prohibited............. 14 1\n Housing, excess properly acquired........ 18 8\n Reforestation, lands acquired............ 14 3\n Timber from forest preserve, prohibited.. 14 1\n Wild life conservation, lands acquired... 14 3\nSANITATION:\n Housing, rehabilitation of substandard\n areas.................................. 18 1\n Reservoirs, forest lands................. 14 2\nSARANAC LAKE:\n Exchange of certain forest preserve lands,\n authorized............................. 14 1\nSAVINGS BANKS:\n Capital stock prohibited................. 10 3\n Charters to be uniform and conform to\n general law............................ 10 3\n Directors, interest in contracts\n prohibited............................. 10 3\n Legislature, charters to conform to\n general laws........................... 10 3\n Trustees, interest in loans in profits\n prohibited............................. 10 3\nSAVINGS INSTITUTIONS (see "Savings Banks").\nSCHOOL DISTRICTS:\n Allocation to, of certain city\n indebtedness........................... 8 4\n Appropriations for payment of debts...... 8 2\n Children, provision for health and safety 7 8\n County advances of unpaid taxes.......... 8 1\n Debt limitation of certain,\n Amount limited......................... 8 4\n Average full value, manner of deter-\n mining for debt limit purposes....... 8 4\n City Indebtedness, certain, allocation. 8 4\n Exceeding debt limit, procedure........ 8 4\n Propositions to increase............... 8 4\n Fiscal officer, payment of indebtedness.. 8 2\n Gifts for private purposes prohibited.... 8 1\n Indebtedness,\n Constitutional provisions not to\n invalidate prior indebtedness........ 8 8\n -- 6 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Exclusions from city indebtedness of\n certain.............................. 8 4\n Legislative power to limit............. 8 12\n Limitation of certain.................. 8 4\n Period................................. 8 2\n Pledge of faith and credit for payment. 8 2\n Refunding, conditions.................. 8 2\n Restrictions........................... 8 1\n Interest payments, action to compel\n setting apart funds.................... 8 2\n Joint municipal facilities or services,\n Indebtedness, joint or several, may be\n contracted therefor.................. 8 1\n Municipalities may join together to\n provide.............................. 8 1\n Taxes and charges may be imposed\n therefor............................. 8 1\n Loans for private purposes prohibited.... 8 1\n Ownership of bonds or stocks in private\n corporation prohibited................. 8 1\n Public work, hours and wages............. 1 17\n Tax limitation of certain,\n Amount limited......................... 8 10\n Average full value, manner of determining\n for tax limit purposes............... 8 10\n Consolidated district, limitation,\n legislature to prescribe............. 8 10\n Expenditures, taxes for certain,\n exclusion............................ 8 11\n Propositions to increase............... 8 10\n Taxes, legislative power to limit........ 8 12\n Voters, qualifications, on certain\n propositions, legislature to prescribe. 8 4,10\nSCHOOLS (see also "Education"):\n Denominational and religious,\n state aid prohibited................... 11 4\n Free common, legislature to provide...... 11 1\n Legislative powers....................... 9 3(a)\n Retirement system, legislative powers.... 9 3(a)\n State aid to denominational schools\n prohibited............................. 11 3\n Transportation of children,\n legislature may provide................ 11 3\nSEA:\n Voting residence unaffected by service... 2 4\nSEALS:\n Abolished courts, to be deposited with\n clerks of county in which\n courts are located................... 6 35(a)\nSEARCHES AND SEIZURES:\n -- 7 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Telephone and telegraph communications,\n unreasonable interception prohibited... 1 12\n Unreasonable, security of people against. 1 12\n Warrants, issuance, conditions........... 1 12\nSECURITY:\n Sheriffs, renewal........................ 13 13(a)\nSEIZURES (see "Searches and Seizures").\nSENATE (see also "Legislature," "Senators"):\n Absence or impeachment of lieutenant-\n governor, temporary president\n to discharge duties of office.......... 4 6\n Additional members, conditions........... 3 4\n Adjournment, when consent of assembly\n required............................... 3 10\n Appointment with advice and consent,\n County court, judges, vacancies........ 6 21(a)\n Court of appeals judges, vacancies..... 6 2(c)\n Court of claims judges................. 6 9\n Department heads, boards and\n commissions............................ 5 4\n Family court judges, outside New York\n City, vacancies........................ 6 21(a)\n Supreme court justices, vacancies...... 6 21(a)\n Surrogate's court judges, vacancies.... 6 21(a)\n Appropriation bills, passage over veto,\n two-thirds vote required............... 4 7\nBills (see also "Appropriations,"\n "Bills," "Legislature"),\n Amendment of bills passed\n by assembly.......................... 3 12\n Desks of members, three day rule..... 3 14\n Enacting clause...................... 3 13\n Introduction......................... 3 12\n Law enacted only by bill............. 3 13\n Majority vote required for passage\n Passage, conditions prerequisite,.... 3 14\n Majority vote required............... 3 14\n Veto, reconsideration, two-\n thirds vote required................. 4 7\n Boards and commissions,\n Appointment with advice and consent.... 5 4\n Constitutional amendments,\n proposal, reference.................... 19 1\n Court of appeals judges, appointment to\n fill vacancies, advice and consent..... 6 2(c)\n Court of claims judges, consent required\n for appointment........................ 6 9\n Department heads, appointment, advice\n and consent............................ 5 4\n Districts (see "Senate Districts").\n -- 8 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Doors to be kept open, exception......... 3 10\n Election, when held...................... 3 8\n Extraordinary sessions,\n Additional per diem allowance\n for service............................ 3 6\n Governor may convene..................... 4 3\n Subjects for consideration............. 4 3\n Forfeiture of membership upon\n acceptance of certain offices.......... 3 7\nJournal of proceedings\n(see also "Legislature"),\n Bills, final passage, ayes and nays\n to be entered.......................... 3 14\n Governor's objections to bills\n to be entered.......................... 4 7\n Keeping and publishing................. 3 10\n Passage of bill over veto, entry....... 4 7\n Removal of judges and justices, ayes\n and nays to be entered,................ 6 23(c)\n Charges to be entered.................. 6 23(c)\n Three-fifths quorum bills,\n entry of votes......................... 3 23\n Legislative power vested in senate\n and assembly........................... 3 1\n Legislature, extraordinary sessions...... 4 3\n Lieutenant-governor acting as governor,\n temporary president to discharge duties 4 6\n of office of lieutenant-governor.......\n Lieutenant-governor to have only\n casting vote........................... 4 6\n Major-generals, appointment, consent..... 12 4\n Members,\n Additional allowance for service, court\n for trial of impeachments.............. 3 6\n Allowance as officer or for service in\n special capacity, Not to be increased\n or diminished during term.............. 3 6\n Apportionment,\n Counties, number of members............ 3 4\n Duty of legislature...................... 3 4\n Federal census controlling, exceptions. 3 4\n Ratio for apportionment................ 3 4\n Compensation,............................ 3 6\n Annual, law fixing, same in each house. 3 6\n Extra or other, prohibited............. 3 6\n Not to be increased or diminished\n during term.......................... 3 6\n .................................. 13 7\n Court for trial of impeachments,\n Additional allowance for service....... 3 6\n -- 9 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Membership............................. 6 24\n Districts, each to choose one............ 3 3\n Elections and qualifications, to judge... 3 9\n Forfeiture of membership on acceptance\n of certain offices..................... 3 7\n Number, exception...................... 3 2,4\n Qualifications,........................ 3 7\n Power to judge....................... 3 9\n Salary and allowances.................. 3 6\n Speeches and debates privileged........ 3 11\n Term of office......................... 3 2\n Time for election...................... 3 8\n Traveling expenses..................... 3 6\n Vacancy in office, creation............ 3 7\n Officers, selection...................... 3 9\n President,\n Court for trial of impeachments,\n member............................... 6 24\n Court on judiciary to give notice of\n removal charges...................... 6 22(e)\n Lieutenant-governor to be ............. 4 6\n Privilege of members, speeches and\n debates................................ 3 11\n Publication of journal of proceedings,\n parts excepted......................... 3 10\n Qualifications for membership............ 3 7\n Power to judge......................... 3 9\n Quorum,\n Majority to constitute................. 3 9\n Three-fifths required for passing\n certain bills........................ 3 23\n Removal of judicial officers,\n Court of appeals judges and supreme\n court justices....................... 6 23(b)\n Court on the judiciary, stay of action. 6 22(e)\n Generally, recommendation of governor,\n exceptions........................... 6 23(b)\n Rules of proceedings, determination.... 3 9\n Senators ( see "Senators").\n Supreme court justice, consent necessary\n for interim appointment................ 6 21(a)\n Temporary president,\n Election, absence, impeachment or\n refusal of lieutenant-governor to act 3 9\n Governor, when to act.................. 4 6\n Impeachment, trial, not to serve as\n member of court...................... 6 24\n Inability to act as governor, speaker\n of assembly to act................... 4 6\n Lieutenant-governor, when to act....... 4 6\n -- 10 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Selection.............................. 3 9\n Vacancies in office of certain judicial\n offices, consent....................... 6 21(a)\n Vacancy in office of supreme court\n justices, consent...................... 6 21(a)\n Yeas and nays,\n Reconsideration of vetoed bills........ 4 7\nSenate Districts:\n Alteration, reapportionment, readjustment 3 3, 4\n Basis for future reapportionments........ 3 3\n Constitution of 1894, use................ 3 3\n Constitutional convention, electors to\n elect delegates....................... 19 2\n Duration and continuance, exceptions..... 3 4\n Existing, effect of readjustment or\n alteration............................. 3 4\n Federal census controlling, exceptions... 3 4\n Form..................................... 3 4\n Formation,\n City blocks not to be divided.......... 3 4\n County not to be divided, exception.... 3 4\n Equality in number of inhabitants to\n control.............................. 3 4\n Population............................. 3 4\n Restrictions........................... 3 4\n Rules.................................. 3 4\n Town not to be divided, exception...... 3 4\n Future reapportionments, how determined.. 3 3, 4\n Inhabitants, equal number................ 3 4\n Law readjusting or altering, effect upon\n existing............................... 3 4\n Readjustment or alteration,\n Directions............................. 3 4\n When to be made........................ 3 4\n Territory to be contiguous............... 3 4\nSenators (see also "Legislature," "Senate"):\n Acceptance of certain offices to vacate\n seat................................... 3 7\n Additional per diem allowance at\n extraordinary session.................. 3 6\n Allowances for services as officer or\n in special capacity.................... 3 6\n Apportionment, conditions................ 3 4\n Commissioner of deeds, eligibility for\n appointment............................ 3 7\n Compensation, allowances and traveling\n expenses............................... 3 6\n Compensation and allowances not to be.... 3 6\n increased or diminished during term.... 13 7\n Court for trial of impeachments,\n -- 11 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n membership............................. 6 24\n Additional allowances for services as\n members.............................. 3 6\n Court on the judiciary, proceedings, stay 6 22(e)\n Election from new senate districts....... 3 4\n Election, when held...................... 3 8\n Existing compensation and allowances to\n continue until changed................. 3 6\n Extra compensation prohibited............ 3 6\n Ineligibility for certain civil\n appointments........................... 3 7\n Judicial officers, removal of certain,\n Charges against, time to prefer, to stay\n action by court on the judiciary..... 6 22(e)\n Two-thirds vote required............... 6 23(b)\n Militia, eligibility for service....... 3 7\n Number................................... 3 2, 4\n Limitations governing counties......... 3 4\n Office without compensation, eligibility\n for appointment........................ 3 7\n Public office, election or appointment\n to another office...................... 3 7\n Qualifications........................... 3 7\n Quorum................................... 3 9, 23\n Ratio of apportionment................... 3 4\n Reserve forces of the United States,\n eligibility for membership............. 3 7\n Salary, law fixing annual................ 3 6\n Senate to judge elections and\n qualifications of members.............. 3 9\n Speeches and debates, not subject to\n question............................... 3 11\n Term of office........................... 3 2\n Traveling expenses, reimbursement,\n limitation............................. 3 6\n Vacancy in office, when created.......... 3 7\nSeneca Canal (see also "Canals"):\n Disposal, prohibition,................... 15 1\n Exceptions............................. 15 2\nSentence and Punishment:\n Commutations, governor, power to grant... 4 4\n Court on the judiciary, extent........... 6 22(a)\n Court martial, removal of commissioned\n officer................................ 12 6\n Pardons, governor, power to grant........ 4 4\n Reprieves, governor, power to grant...... 4 4\n Treason,\n Governor, suspension of execution...... 4 4\n Legislative power to commute, pardon\n -- 12 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n or reprieve.......................... 4 4\nSerial Bonds (see also "Municipalities," "State"):\n Municipalities,\n Appropriation for redemption........... 8 2\n Pension or retirement system, exclusion\n from debt limitation................. 8 5\n Taxes, when excluded from tax\n limitation........................... 8 10, 11\n New York city, financing................. 8 2\nSessions (see "Legislative Sessions").\nSewage Facilities:\n Indebtedness therefor, certain, to be\n excluded from debt limitations......... 8 2-a, 5\nSewage Systems:\n Common or excess, for municipalities..... 8 2-a\n Indebtedness,\n Allocation method, legislature may\n provide.............................. 8 2-a\n Exclusion from debt limitation......... 8 2-a\n State comptroller may approve.......... 8 2-a\n Revenues therefrom, restrictions on use.. 8 2-a\nSex:\n Political parties, equal representation\n on committees.......................... 13 1\nSHERIFFS:\n County, no liability for acts............ 13 13(a)\n New York city, exception as to counties.. 13 13(a)\n Office, not to hold other................ 13 13(a)\n Removal by governor, hearing............. 13 13(a)\n Security, when office deemed vacant...... 13 13(a)\n Term of office........................... 13 13(a)\n Vacancies................................ 13 13(a)\nSICKNESS (see also "Social Welfare"):\n Legislature, power to provide\n protection against hazards............. 7 8\nSINKING FUND BONDS:\n Municipalities, redemption,\n appropriation.......................... 8 2\nSINKING FUNDS:\n Appropriations for contributions......... 7 16\n Comptroller, appraisal, computation\n and certification...................... 7 15\n Excess income, how applied............... 7 15\n Keeping and investing.................... 7 15\n New York city, payment of indebtedness... 8 2,7a\n Setting apart funds for payment of\n interest, etc.......................... 7 16\nSKI TRAILS:\n Belleayre, Gore, Pete Gay, South and\n Whiteface mountains, state construction\n -- 13 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n permitted, limitation................ 14 1\nSLUM CLEARANCE (see "Housing").\nSOCIAL WELFARE:\n Constitutional provisions................ 17 1-6\n Correction commission, powers and duties. 17 5\n Criminals, maintenance and support....... 17 5\n Health, protection and promotion......... 17 3\n Mental hygiene, provisions............... 17 4\n Needy, aid, care and support............. 7 8\n ....................................... 8 1\n ....................................... 17 1\n Parole system, legislature to provide.... 17 5\n Probation system, legislature to provide. 17 5\n Rules and regulations subject to\n legislative control.................... 17 2\n State commission of correction, powers\n and duties............................. 17 5\n Visitation and inspection,\n Board of social welfare................ 17 2\n Correction commission.................. 17 5\n Head of mental hygiene department...... 17 4\n Provisions not exclusive............... 17 6\nSOCIAL WELFARE BOARD:\n Aid, care and support, authorized\n agencies............................... 7 8\n Continued................................ 17 2\n Municipalities, payments to certain\n institutions subject to rules.......... 8 1\n Powers and duties........................ 17 2\n Visitation and inspection of institutions 17 2\nSOCIAL WELFARE, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Division of state government............. 5 2\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\nSOLDIERS AND SAILORS (see also "Militia").\n Absentee voting, legislature to provide.. 2 2\n Bonus (see "Bonus").\n Civil service, preferences............... 5 6\n Homes, inmates, absentee voting,\n provision.............................. 2 2\nSOUTH MOUNTAIN:\n Forest preserve, ski trails permitted.... 14 1\nSOVEREIGNTY:\n Lands, people possess ultimate right..... 1 10\nSPEAKER OF ASSEMBLY:\n Court on the judiciary, notifiction of\n removal charges........................ 6 22(e)\n Governor, when to act.................... 4 6\n Selection................................ 3 9\nSPECIAL COUNTY JUDGE (see "County Courts").\n -- 14 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\nSPECIAL LAWS (see also "Bills," "Local\nLaws"):\n Banking corporations, charter\n restrictions........................... 10 3\n Cities, restrictions..................... 9 2(b)\n City of New York, officers assigned\n duties of county officers.............. 13 13(c)\n Corporations, alteration or repeal,...... 10 1\n Prohibition against creation........... 10 1\n Counties, restrictions................... 9 2(b)\n Definition, local government............. 9 3(c)\n Drainage of swamp or agricultural lands,\n prohibition against.................... 1 7\n Public corporations, creation authorized. 10 5\n Towns, restrictions...................... 9 2(b)\n Villages, restrictions................... 9 2(b)\nSPECIAL SESSIONS, COURTS OF (see "Courts of\nSpecial Sessions").\nSPECIAL SURROGATE (see "Surrogate's Court").\nSPEECH:\n Freedom guaranteed....................... 1 8\nSPOUSES:\n Family court, jurisdiction,\n Crimes and offenses between............ 6 13(b)(7)\n Proceedings for conciliation........... 6 13(b)(6)\nSTATE:\n Acceptance of certain offices to vacate\n seat in legislature.................... 3 7\n Bonds,\n Action to compel setting aside funds\n for payment.......................... 7 16\n Contracting debts in anticipation of\n sale................................. 7 9\n Grade crossing elimination............. 7 14\n Notes issued in anticipation of sale,\n application of proceeds.............. 7 12\n Purpose, application of moneys......... 7 12\n Thruway corporations................... 10 6\n Veterans' bonus........................ 7 18\n Borrowing money, powers.................. 7 9\n Bribery, liability for expenses of\n prosecution............................ 13 13\nBudget (see "Budget").\nCivil departments (see also "Civil\nDepartments of State," "State\n Departments," and specific titles),\n General provisions relating to......... 5 1-7\nCivil divisions (see "Civil Divisions of\nState").\n Claims against,\n -- 15 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Allowance and payment.................. 3 19\n Auditing, legislature prohibited....... 3 19\n Court of claims, jurisdiction to hear\n and determine........................ 6 9\n Limitation on time for audit and\n allowance............................ 3 19\n Claims of, bills releasing, three-fifths\n quorum necessary....................... 3 23\n Compensation for judicial officers\n retired for disability................. 6 22(c)\n Condition, message to be transmitted by\n governor at each session............... 4 3\n Court on the judiciary, expenses......... 6 22(h)\n Courts, unified system................... 6 1(a)\n Debts (see also "Finance" under "State"),\n Bills creating, three-fifths quorum\n necessary............................ 3 23\n Contributions to sinking fund for\n payment.............................. 7 15\n Defense,\n Obligation of all persons within state. 12 1\n Power to contract debts therefor....... 7 10\n Departments (see "State Departments").\n Discrimination in civil rights\n prohibited............................. 1 11\n Eminent domain (see "Eminent Domain").\n Employees,\n Civil service, appointments and\n promotions........................... 5 6\n Local laws affecting..................... 9 2(c)\n Membership in retirement system,\n benefits not to be impaired.......... 5 7\n Safety and welfare,\n legislature may protect.............. 13 14\n Salaries, wages, etc.,\n subject to taxation.................. 16 5\n Veterans' preferences.................. 5 6\n Equal protection of laws, guaranty....... 1 11\n Expenses of courts....................... 6 29(a-d)\n Finance,\n Application of money from\n loan creating debt................... 7 12\n Appropriations (see: "Appropriations").\n Bills to be submitted with budget...... 7 3\n Budget, department estimates........... 7 1\n Comptroller to audit accounts and\n prescribe methods of accounting...... 5 1\n Debts (see also "Debts" under "State"),\n Authorization, generally............. 7 11\n Defense of state, forest fires....... 7 10\n -- 16 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Higher education (see "Education").\n Housing (see "Housing").\n Payment.......................... 7 12,16\n Period for which contracted.......... 7 12\n Power to contract.................... 7 9-11\n Referendum when required............. 7 11\n Refunding, conditions................ 7 13\n Restrictions on contracting.......... 7 11\n Short term........................... 7 9\n Sinking funds for payment............ 7 15\n Failure of legislature to make\n appropriations for payment\n of state debts....................... 7 16\n General fund,\n Comptroller to set aside funds\n for payment of debts............... 7 16\n Sinking fund, excess income,\n how applied........................ 7 15\n General provisions relating to......... 7 1-18\n Gifts for private purposes\n prohibited, exceptions............. 7 8\n ................................... 4 7\n Governor, approval of\n appropriation bills.................... 7 4,6\n Grade crossing elimination,\n Authorization of debt................ 7 14\n Liability of railroads............... 7 14\n Horse races, pari-mutuel betting,\n source of revenue.................... 1 9\n Income from sinking funds,\n how applied.......................... 7 15\n Loans for private purposes\n prohibited, exceptions............... 7 8\n Moneys (see "State Moneys").\n Notes, money borrowed, how applied..... 7 12\n Pari-mutuel betting on horse races\n as source of revenue................. 1 9\n Period for which debt\n may be contracted.................... 7 12\n Preparation and submission of budget... 7 2\n Refunding debt......................... 7 13\n Reimbursement by railroads for\n grade crossing elimination........... 7 14\n Revenues and receipts,\n audit by comptroller................. 5 1\n Separate bills for each appropriation.. 7 6\n Sinking funds.......................... 7 15, 16\n Vouchers and accounts, audit\n by comptroller....................... 5 1\n Forest fires, contracting debt for\n -- 17 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n suppression............................ 7 10\n Forest preserve lands, certain right\n to exchange............................ 14 1\n Governmental operations, continuity,\n certain emergencies,\n legislature to provide............... 3 25\n Health, protection and promotion,\n legislative duty....................... 17 3\n Highways, construction\n in forest preserves.................... 14 1\n Housing (see "Housing").\n Insurrection, contracting debt\n for suppression........................ 7 10\n Invasion, contracting debt to repel...... 7 10\n Investing and keeping of sinking fund.... 7 15\n Judicial departments..................... 6 4(a)\n Law of,\n Colonial legislature, parts\n of acts constituting................. 1 14\n Common law, parts constituting......... 1 14\n Congress of colony of New York,\n parts of resolutions constituting.... 1 14\n Convention of state of New York,\n resolutions constituting............. 1 14\n Governor to execute faithfully......... 4 3\n Legislature, acts constituting......... 1 14\n Subject to alteration by legislature... 1 14\n Legislative power, vested in\n Senate and Assembly.................... 3 1\n Loans and subsidies for housing projects\n (see "Housing").\n Low rent housing (see "Housing").\n Military and naval forces, governor\n to be commander-in-chief............... 4 3\n Moneys, audit required for payment....... 5 1\n Navigable waters, voting\n residence unaffected by service........ 2 4\n Notes, issuance in anticipation of\n receipt of taxes or sale of bonds.... 7 9\n Officers (see "Public Officers," "State\n Officers").\n Parkways (see "Highways").\n Pensions, exemption from taxation...... 16 5\n Pension or retirement system,\n benefits not to be impaired............ 5 7\n Political subdivisions (see "Political\n Subdivisions").\n Prison labor, benefit of\n work done or products.................. 3 24\n Public corporations (see "Public\n -- 18 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Corporations").\n Reporter (see "State Reporter").\n Reservoirs, operation on forest lands.... 14 2\n Revenue (see also "Finance,\n under "State"), Pari-mutuel betting on\n horse races as source.................. 1 9\n Slum clearance (see "Housing"),\n Thruways (see "Public Corporations")\n University, authorization of state debt.. 7 19\n War, contracting debts\n for defense of state................... 7 10\nSTATE AGENCIES (see "State Departments").\nSTATE AUTHORITIES (see "State Departments").\nSTATE BOARD OF SOCIAL WELFARE\n(see "Social Welfare Board").\nSTATE BOARDS (see also\n"State Departments"):\n Members, appointment and removal......... 5 4\n Organization and management\n filing of rules not required........... 4 8\n Powers and functions,\n Assignment by legislature.............. 5 3\n Legislative power...................... 5 3\n Removal of members....................... 5 4\n Rules and regulations, filing\n and publication........................ 4 8\nSTATE BUREAUS (see "State Departments").\nSTATE COMMISSION OF CORRECTION:\n Department of correction,\n head as chairperson.................... 17 5\n Inspection of correctional\n institutions by social welfare board... 17 2\n Institutions, visitors................... 17 5\n Powers, duties, etc...................... 17 5\nSTATE COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION\n(see also "Education, Department of"):\n Appointment and removal.................. 5 4\nSTATE COMMISSIONS (see also "State\nDepartments"):\n Members, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\n Organization and management, filing of\n rules not required..................... 4 8\n Powers and functions,\n Assignment by legislature.............. 5 3\n Legislative power...................... 5 3\n Removal of members....................... 5 4\n Rules and regulations, filing and\n publication............................ 4 8\n Temporary, for special purposes,\n -- 19 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n creation............................... 5 3\nSTATE COMPTROLLER:\n Accounts of political subdivisions,\n supervision............................ 5 1\n Administrative duties, prohibition\n against assignment, exception.......... 5 1\n Allocation of city debt to certain\n school districts....................... 8 4\n Approval of New York city fiscal\n officer's determination of\n indebtedness........................... 8 11\n Assessment of real estate................ 5 1\n Audit and control department, head....... 5 4\n Budget of judiciary, certification of\n estimate............................... 7 1\n Drainage systems, indebtedness, approval. 8 2-a\n Duties................................... 5 1\n Setting apart funds for payment of\n debts, when required................. 7 16\n Election................................. 5 1\n Moneys of state (see also "State\n Moneys"),\n Injunction against unaudited payment\n or refund............................ 5 1\n Payment or refund without audit\n prohibited........................... 5 1\n Powers and duties, legislature to\n define............................... 5 1\n Municipalities,\n Indebtedness, legislature shall provide\n for determination of exclusions\n therefrom.............................. 8 5\n Joint facilities or services, approval\n of apportionment of costs............ 8 1\n New York city, exclusion of school\n debts, approval........................ 8 7\n Political subdivisions, supervision of\n accounts............................... 5 1\n Powers and duties, assignment............ 5 1\n Public corporations, accounts subject to\n supervision............................ 10 5\n Qualifications........................... 5 1\n Real estate, powers and duties\n respecting assessment and taxation of.. 5 1\n School districts, exceeding debt limits,\n consent................................ 8 4\n Sewage systems, indebtedness, approval... 8 2-a\n Sinking funds,\n Appraisal of securities................ 7 15\n Computation and certification to\n -- 20 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n legislature.......................... 7 15\n Duty to set apart funds for\n contributions, when required......... 7 16\n Suits to require setting apart funds for\n payment of debts....................... 7 16\n Taxation of real estate.................. 5 1\n Term of office........................... 5 1\n Vacancy in office,\n Legislature to provide for filling..... 5 1\n No election except at time of electing\n governor............................. 5 1\nSTATE CREDIT:\n Gifts or loans prohibited, exceptions.... 7 8\nSTATE, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\n Rules and regulations of departments and\n agencies, filing....................... 4 8\nSTATE DEPARTMENTS (see also "specific\nState departments"):\n Budgets,\n Attendance and hearings................ 7 1,3\n Estimates and information to be\n supplied governor.................... 7 1\n Consolidation............................ 5 3\n General provisions relating to........... 5 1-7\n Heads of departments, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\n Municipalities, payments to certain\n institutions subject to inspection..... 8 1\n Names may be changed..................... 5 2\n Numbers,\n Reduction.............................. 5 3\n Total not to exceed twenty............. 5 2\n Organization or internal management,\n filing of rules not required........... 4 8\n Powers and functions,\n Assignment by legislature.............. 5 3\n Legislative power...................... 5 3\n Reduction of number...................... 5 3\n Removal of heads of departments, manner\n to be prescribed by law................ 5 4\n Rules and regulations,\n Filing in department of state.......... 4 8\n Publication............................ 4 8\n Tax limitation of municipalities,\n determination of equalization ratio.... 8 10\n Total not to exceed twenty............... 5 2\nSTATE ENUMERATION (see also "Federal\nCensus"):\n -- 21 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n When to be made.......................... 3 4\nSTATE FINANCES (see "State").\nSTATE HIGHWAYS (see "Highways").\nSTATE MILITIA (see "Militia").\nSTATE MONEYS:\n Appropriations (see "Appropriations").\n Gifts or loans prohibited, exceptions.... 7 8\n Injunction against void payments or\n refunds................................ 5 1\n Payment,\n Approprition required.................. 7 7\n Audit by comptroller required.......... 5 1\n Time limit............................. 7 7\n Refund, audit by comptroller required.... 5 1\n State comptroller, powers and duties..... 5 1\n ....................................... 7 16\n Suit to restrain void payment or refund.. 5 1\nSTATE OFFICERS (see also "Public Officers"\nand specific titles):\n General provisions relating to........... 5 1-7\n Heads of departments, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\n Powers and functions,\n Assignment by legislature.............. 5 3\n Legislature power...................... 5 3\n Rules and regulations, filing and\n publication............................ 4 8\nSTATE PARKWAYS (see "Highways").\nSTATE REVENUES (see "State").\nSTATE TAX COMMISSION:\n Tax limitation of municipalities,\n determination of equalization ratio.... 8 10\nSTATE THRUWAYS (see "Public\nCorporations").\nSTATE UNIVERSITY:\n State debt for expansion authorized...... 7 19\nSTATE-WIDE COURTS (see also specific\ncourts):\n Enumerated............................... 6 1(a)\nSTATUTE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS:\n Additional grant of powers to local\n governments, legislature to enact...... 9 2(b)\nSTATUTES:\n Colony of New York, continuance of laws,\n exception.............................. 1 14\n Revisions and consolidations, bills for,\n exceptions............................. 3 21\n Validity, court of appeals, jurisdiciton 6 3(b)(2)\nSTATUTORY CONSOLIDATIONS:\n Bills effecting, certain restrictions\n -- 22 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n inapplicable........................... 3 21\nStock and Stockholders:\n Municipalities, ownership prohibited..... 8 1\n Savings banks, capital stock prohibited.. 10 3\n Street Railroads (see "Railroads").\nStreets:\n Condemnation, excess taking\n by cities and counties................. 1 7\n Local laws, power of local governments\n to adopt or amend...................... 9 2(c)\nSubcontractors:\n Employees, legislature may\n provide for safety and welfare......... 13 14\n Local governments, local laws\n for protection of employees............ 9 2(c)\n Subsidies (see "Housing" and\n "Nursing Homes").\n Substandard Areas (see "Housing").\nSubways:\n New York city, debts excluded in\n computing limitation................... 8 7,7a\n Suffrage (see also "Voters and Voting"):\n General provisions relating to......... 2 1-8\n Suits (see "Judicial Proceedings").\n Summary Proceedings to Recover Real Property:\n Jurisdiction,\n County court........................... 6 11(a)\n New York city-wide court of\n civil jurisdiction................... 6 15(b)\n Superintendent of Public Works:\n Canals, cancellation of\n Certain contracts...................... 15 3\n Supervisors (see "Boards of Supervisors").\n Supplemental Appropriations (see "Appropriations").\nSupport:\n Blind, deaf and dumb..................... 7 8\n Children, delinquent and neglected..... 7 8\n ..................................... 7 8\n Legislature, power to provide\n for needy, etc....................... 17 1\n Needy sick, physically handicapped..... 7 8\nSupreme Court:\n Actions and proceedings,\n Abolished courts, transfer thereform... 6 35(b)\n New classes, jurisdiction.............. 6 7(c)\n Pending therein on effective\n date of article,\n Continuation and transfer............ 6 36\n To hear and determine................ 6 34(a)\n Transfer therefrom, to certain\n -- 23 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n courts............................. 6 19(a,g)\n Transfer thereto, from certain\n courts............................. 6 19(b,d,e,f)\n Appeals,\n Pending therein on effective\n date of article,\n Continuation and transfer...... 6 36\n To hear and determine.......... 6 34(a)\n Right thereto, certain cases........... 6 35(m,n)\n Apportionment of members of assembly,\n review................................. 3 5\n Clerks, county, service as\n clerks of courts....................... 6 6(e)\n Continuation............................. 6 6(d)\n Court of record.......................... 6 1(b)\n Court system of state,\n unified, included therein.............. 6 1(a)\n Expenses of court........................ 6 29(a-d)\n Extraordinary term, power of\n governor to appoint.................... 6 27\n General jurisdiction in law\n and equity............................. 6 7(a)\n Governor, power to appoint\n extraordinary term..................... 6 27\n Judicial districts, composition\n thereof, may be increased, decreased,\n or altered and judges re-apportioned... 6 6(b)\n Jurisdiction, general, law and equity.... 6 7(a)\n Justices (see also "Judges and Justices"),\n Age limit, exception................... 6 25(b)\n Appellate division, designation thereto,\n Additional designations.............. 6 4(e)\n Presiding justice, governor\n to designate....................... 6 4(c)\n Residence............................ 6 4(f)\n Temporary designations............... 6 4(d)\n Terms................................ 6 4(c)\n Armed forces, eligibility to serve..... 6 20(b)(1)\n Assignment, temporary,\n From certain courts.................. 6 26(b,c,d,e,g)\n To certain courts.................... 6 26(a)\n Bronx county court judges to\n become justices of supreme court for\n remainder of terms................... 6 6(d)\n ..................................... 35(b)\n Compensation........................... 6 25(a)\n Constitutional convention,\n eligibility to serve................. 6 20(b)(1)\n County courts, judges of certain,\n to become justices of supreme........ 6(d)\n -- 24 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n court remainder of terms............. 6 35(b)\n Court of appeals, designation thereto,\n Certification to governor of need.... 6 2(b)\n Duration of service thereunder....... 6 2(b)\n Limitation upon number............. 6 2(b)\n Temporary absence of judge of\n court of appeals................. 6 2(c)\n Vacancy not created thereby........ 6 2(b,c)\n Valid only while supreme court\n justice.......................... 6 2(b)\n Duties............................... 6 26(a)\n Election, how chosen................. 6 6(c)\n Eligibility........................ 6 20(a)\n Extraordinary term, power of governor\n to designate justice to hold..... 6 27\n Kings county court judges to\n become justices of supreme court\n for remainder of terms........... 6 6(d)\n ................................. 35(b)\n Law, prohibition against practice.. 6 20(b)(4)\n Military service permitted......... 6 20(b)(1)\n Number, may be increased or\n decreased, limitation............ 6 6(d)\n Political organization,\n prohibition against holding\n office therein................... 6 20(b)(3)\n Public office, prohibition\n against holding.................. 6 20(b)(1)\n Qualifications..................... 6 20(a)\n Queens county court judges to\n become justices of supreme\n court for remainder of terms..... 6 6(d)\n ................................. 35(d)\n Re-apportionment in altered\n districts........................ 6 6(b)\n Removal for cause,\n Court on judiciary............. 6 22(a)\n Legislature.................... 6 23(a)\n Restrictions....................... 6 20(b)(1-4)\n Retirement,\n Age limit, exception........... 6 25(b)\n Disability..................... 6 22(a)\n Richmond county court judges\n to become justices of supreme\n court for remainder of terms..... 6 6(d)\n ................................. 35(b)\n Term............................... 6 6(c)\n Vacancy,\n Certain appointments and\n designations not to constitute. 6 2(b,c)\n -- 25 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n How and when filled............. 6 21(a)\n New York city, exclusive jurisdiction\n over crimes prosecuted by\n indictment, exception............... 6 7(a)\n Mandates, service and execution....... 6 1(c)\n Processes, service and execution...... 6 1(c)\n Separate divisions power of\n appellate division to establish..... 6 7(b)\n State-wide court...................... 6 1(a)\n Warrants, service and execution....... 6 1(c)\n Supreme Court--Appellate Divisions:\n Appeals therefrom,\n Allowance of appeals on\n certified questions of law...... 6 3(b)(4,6,7)\n Certification by court of appeals\n upon certified questions............ 6 3(b)(6)\n Civil cases originating in certain\n inferior courts, decisions not\n appealable, exceptions............... 6 3(b)(7)\n Decisions involving constitutional\n questions............................ 6 3(b)(1,2,7)\n Interlocutory decisions, allowance of\n appeal and certification of\n questions of law..................... 6 3(b)(4)\n Judgment or orders of reversal or\n modification......................... 6 3(a)\n Jurisdiction of court of appeals....... 6 3(a)\n Non-unanimous decisions, right of\n appeal............................... 6 3(b)(1)\n Order granting new trial or hearing,\n stipulation for final judgment....... 6 3(b)(3)\n Reversal or modifiction, review\n unlimited............................ 6 3(a)\n Appeals thereto,\n Jurisdiction of appellate division..... 6 4(k)\n Pending, to hear and determine......... 6 34(a)\n Right, not affected by article......... 6 35(m,n)\n Transfer of unauthorized appeals....... 6 5(b)\n Transfer to another department......... 6 4(g,i)\n Clerks, appointment and removal.......... 6 4(i)\n Conservation article of constitution,\n consent to suits restraining certain\n violations thereof..................... 14 4\n Continuation............................. 6 4(b)\n County clerks, New York city,\n appointment and removal................ 13 13(a)\n Court of record.......................... 6 1(b)\n Court system of state, unified, included\n therein................................ 6 1(a)\n Courts, power to supervise\n -- 26 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n administration......................... 6 28\n Expenses of court........................ 6 29(a-d)\n Housing, determination of exclusions\n from indebtedness...................... 18 4\n Injunction, against state comptroller,\n consent to proceedings................. 5 1\n Interlocutory judgments and intermediate\n orders affirmance, reversal or\n modification........................... 6 5(a)\n Judicial departments,\n Alteration of boundaries............... 6 4(a)\n Division of state, continued........... 6 4(a)\n Judgments of affirmance, reversal or\n modification........................... 6 5(a)\n Jurisdiction............................. 6 4(k)\n Justices (see also "Judges and\n "Justices" under "Supreme Court"),\n Additional,\n Certification, as to necessity....... 6 4(e)\n Designation by governor.............. 6 4(e)\n Length of service.................... 6 4(e)\n Age limit, exception................... 6 25(b)\n Armed forces, eligibility to serve..... 6 20(b)(1)\n Assignment,\n Appellate division justices to\n other departments.................. 6 4(h)\n Certain other judges and justices\n thereby............................ 6 26(1)\n Compensation........................... 6 25(a)\n Concurrence necessary for decisions.... 6 4(b)\n Constitutional convention, eligibility\n serve................................ 6 20(b)(1)\n Court on the judiciary, designation\n for service.......................... 6 22(b)\n Designation,\n Governor, term of office............. 6 4(c)\n Temporary, to another department..... 6 4(h)\n Supreme court justices, for\n temporary service................ 6 4(d,e)\n Eligibility............................ 6 20(a)\n Governor, power to designate, from\n justices of supreme court............ 6 4(c,d,e)\n Law, prohibition against practice...... 6 20(b)(4)\n Maximum number to sit in any case...... 6 4(b)\n Military service, permitted............ 6 20(b)(1)\n Number in each department.............. 6 4(b)\n Political organization, prohibition\n against holding office therein....... 6 20(b)(3)\n Powers and duties...................... 6 4(j)\n Presiding justice, member of\n -- 27 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n administrative board of judicial\n conference........................... 6 28\n Prohibition against exercises of\n powers of supreme court justice\n within department, exception......... 6 4(j)\n Public office, prohibition against\n holding.............................. 6 20(b)(1)\n Qualifications......................... 6 20(a)\n Removal for cause,\n Court on judiciary................... 6 22(a)\n Legislature.......................... 6 23(a)\n Residence.............................. 6 4(f)\n Restrictions........................... 6 20(b)(1-4)\n Retirement,\n Age.................................. 6 25(b)\n Designation for continued service.... 6 25(b)\n Disability........................... 6 22(a)\n Temporary designation, in certain\n cases................................ 6 4(d,e)\n Term................................... 6 4(c)\n Vacancies.............................. 6 4(d)\n Presiding justices,\n Court on judiciary, may request to\n convene............................ 6 22(d)\n Designation by governor.............. 6 4(c)\n Meetings for transfer of appeals..... 6 4(g)\n Legislature, power to alter boundaries\n of judicial departments, limitation.. 6 4(a)\n Mandates, service and execution........ 6 1(c)\n Municipal indebtedness, limitation,\n Determination of exclusions.......... 8 5\n Housing, determination of exclusions. 18 4\n New York city, determination of\n exclusions......................... 8 7\n ................................... 7a\n New trial or hearing, power to grant. 6 5(a)\n Processes, service and execution..... 6 1(c)\n Quorum............................... 6 4(b)\n Supreme court, separate divisions,\n power to establish................. 6 7(b)\n State-wide court..................... 6 1(a)\n Street railroads, construction and\n operation, power................... 3 17\n Taxpayer's suits, injunctions\n against void payment or refund of\n state money, consent............... 5 1\n Warrants, service and execution...... 6 1(c)\nSUPREME COURT-APPELLATE TERMS:\n Abolished courts, certain, appeals\n therefrom, power of appellate division\n -- 28 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n to transfer thereto.................... 6 35(m)\n Appeals,\n Appellate division, power to direct,\n exception............................ 6 8(d)\n Legislature, may provide for certain\n appeals thereto...................... 6 8(e)\n ..................................... 8(d)\n ..................................... 11(d)\n Transfer of certain thereto............ 6 35(m)\n Appellate division, power to establish... 6 8(a)\n City courts, outside New York City,\n appeals therefrom...................... 6 8(e),11(d)\n ....................................... 35(m)\n District courts, appeals therefrom....... 6 8(e),11(d)\n ....................................... 35(m)\n Establishment and discontinuance......... 6 8(b)\n Interlocutory judgments and intermediate\n orders, affirmance, reversal and\n modification........................... 6 5(a)\n Judgments of affirmance, reversal and\n modification........................... 6 5(a)\n Jurisdiction............................. 6 8(d)\n Justices (see also "Judges and\n Justices," and Justices" under\n" Supreme court")\n Appellate division, power\n to designate......................... 6 8(b)\n Decisions, number thereof required... 6 8(c)\n Designation and revocation........... 6 8(b)\n Limitation on number to sit.......... 6 8(c)\n Number............................... 6 8(a)\n Quorum............................... 6 8(c)\n Residence............................ 6 8(a)\n New trial or hearing, power to grant..... 6 5(a)\n ....................................... 8(e)\n ....................................... 11(d)\n Town courts, appeals therefrom........... 6 35(m)\n Transfer of unauthorized\n appeals thereby........................ 6 5(a)\n Village courts, appeals therefrom........ 6 8(e)\n ....................................... 11(d)\n ....................................... 35(m)\n Surrogates' Courts:\n Actions and proceedings,\n Pending therein on effective\n date of article,\n Continuation and transfer............ 6 36\n To hear and determine................ 6 34(a)\n Transfer therefrom, to certain courts.. 6 19(d,h)\n Transfer thereto, from certain courts.. 6 19(b,e,f)\n -- 29 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Appeals, right thereto in certain cases\n after effective date of article........ 6 35(m,n)\n Continuation of existing................. 6 12(a)\n Court of record.......................... 6 1(b)\n Court system of state, unified,\n included therein....................... 6 1(a)\n Equity jurisdiction...................... 6 12(e)\n Expenses of court........................ 6 29(a-d)\n Judges,\n Additional............................. 6 12(a)\n Age limit, exception................... 6 25(b)\n Armed forces, eligibility to serve..... 6 20(b)(1)\n Assignment, temporary,\n From certain courts.................. 6 26(c,f)\n To certain courts.................... 6 26(d,e)\n Combination with certain other\n judicial offices authorized............ 6 14\n Compensation........................... 6 25(a)\n Constitutional convention, eligibility\n to serve............................... 6 20(b)(1)\n Duties................................. 6 26(d,e)\n Election............................... 6 12(b)\n Eligibility............................ 6 20(a)\n Law, prohibition against practice...... 6 20(b)(4)\n Military service, permitted............ 6 20(b)(1)\n Political organization, prohibition\n against holding office therein....... 6 20(b)(3)\n Public office, prohibition against\n holding............................ 6 20(b)(1)\n Qualifications......................... 6 20(a)\n Removal for cause,\n Court on judiciary................... 6 22(a)\n Senate............................... 6 23(b)\n Residence.............................. 6 12(b)\n Restrictions........................... 6 20(b)(1-4)\n Retirement,\n Age.................................. 6 25(b)\n Disability........................... 6 22(a)\n Special surrogate, office abolished.... 6 35(g)\n Term................................... 6 12(c)\n Vacancies.............................. 6 21(a)\n Jurisdiction and powers.................. 6 12(d,e)\n Mandates, service and execution.......... 6 1(c)\n Processes, service and execution......... 6 1(c)\n State-wide court......................... 6 1(a)\n Warrants, service and execution.......... 6 1(c)\nSurveys:\n Forest lands, construction\n of reservoirs.......................... 14 2\n -- 30 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Swamp Lands (see "Lands").\nSyracuse, City of:\n Improvements, debts, excluded in\n computing limitation................... 8 6\nTAX ANTICIPATION CERTIFICATES:\n Municipalities, indebtedness, exclusion\n in computing limitations............... 8 5,\n ....................................... 7,10\n State, issuance and payment............ 7 9\n Taxation and Finance, Department of:\n Head of department, appointment\n and removal........................ 5 4\nTaxation and Taxes:\n Ad valorem tax on intangible personal\n property prohibited\n Assessed valuation, municipalities,\n limitations based on, Housing........ 18 4\n Indebtedness......................... 8 4\n Assessment of real estate,\n comptroller's powers................. 5 1\n Assessments, not to exceed full value.. 16 2\n Supervision, review and equalization... 16 2\n Averaged assessed valuation, manner of\n determining for municipal debt\n limit purposes......................... 8 4\n Average full valuation, manner of\n determining for municipal tax\n limit purposes....................... 8 10\n Bills,\n Statement of tax and object to which\n applied.............................. 3 22\n Three-fifths quorum required\n for passing.......................... 3 23\n Charities, alteration or repeal of\n exemption prohibited................. 16 1\n Cities,\n Legislature,\n Duty to restrict................... 8 12\n Power to limit..................... 8 12\n Limitation, exclusion................ 8 10,11\n Local laws, power to adopt and amend. 9 2(c)\n New York city, limitation............ 8 10\n Comptroller, audit of collection of\n revenues............................. 5 1\n Contracting away right of taxation\n prohibited........................... 16 1\n Corporations, discrimination against\n federal, prohibited.................. 16 4\n Counties,\n Indebtedness for advances for certain 8 1\n -- 31 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n unpaid taxes permitted............. 16 2\n Legislative power to limit........... 8 12\n Limitation, exclusion................ 8 10,11\n New York city, counties within,\n limitation......................... 8 10\n Death, situs of trust property......... 16 3\n Delegation of taxing power,\n requirements......................... 16 1\n Discrimination against federal\n corporations prohibited.............. 16 4\n Education, exclusion from tax\n limitation of certain municipalities. 8 10\n Educational corporations, alteration or\n repeal of exemption, prohibited...... 16 1\n Equalization of assessments,\n legislature to provide............... 16 2\n Equalization ratio, determination for\n tax limit purposes................... 8 10\n Excise tax on intangibles prohibited... 16 3\n Exemptions,\n Alteration or repeal, when permitted. 16 1\n General laws only.................... 16 1\n Housing, low rent housing and slum\n clearance.......................... 18 2\n Private or local bill prohibited..... 3 17\n Religious, educational or charitable\n purposes........................... 16 1\n Fund, stabilization of tax revenues.... 7 17\n General provisions relating to......... 16 1-5\n Housing,\n Cities, indebtedness exceeding\n limitations, conditions............ 18 4\n Exemption, authorized.................. 18 2\n Municipality, limitation of\n indebtedness based on assessed\n valuation.......................... 18 4\n Income, reference to federal\n laws authorized........................ 3 22\n Laws imposing, continuing\n or reviving............................ 3 22\n Limitation of taxes on real property..... 8 10-12\n ....................................... 8 1\n Loans by counties to subdivisions\n for unpaid taxes..................... 16 2\n Moneys, credits and intangibles,\n location............................... 16 3\n Municipalities,\n Indebtedness in anticipation of tax\n collection, payment and redemption... 8 2\n Legislature,\n -- 32 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Duty to restrict powers of certain... 8 12\n Power to limit....................... 8 12\n Tax limitation on real property........ 8 10-12\n Offices for protection of\n revenue not abrogated.................. 5 5\n Personal property,\n Excise tax, only income subject........ 16 3\n Intangible, not taxed ad valorem....... 16 3\n Location for tax purposes.............. 16 3\n Power not to be surrendered.............. 16 1\n Public corporation, indebtedness,\n consent of municipality required....... 8 3\n Public officers and employees,\n Compensation subject to taxation....... 16 5\n Pensions not to be taxed............... 16 5\n Real estate, comptroller's powers........ 5 1\n Real Property, tax limitation............ 8 10-12\n Redevelopment projects; real\n property taxes therefor................ 16 6\n Religious corporations, alteration\n or repeal of exemption prohibited...... 16 1\n Review of assessments.................... 16 2\n School districts,\n Advances by counties for unpaid taxes.. 8 1\n Legislative power to limit............. 8 12\n Limitation of certain, exclusion....... 8 10,11\n Securities, location..................... 16 3\n State, Debts, power to contract in\n anticipation of taxes, Issuance\n and payment of evidences of\n indebtedness........................... 7 9\n Suspension of power prohibited,\n exception.............................. 16 1\n Tax revenues, funds for stabilization.... 7 17\n Towns,\n Advances by counties for unpaid taxes.. 8 1\n Legislature,\n Duty to restrict..................... 8 12\n Power to limit....................... 8 12\n Trusts, location of intangibles.......... 16 3\n Undistributed profits prohibited......... 16 3\n Valuation of real estate, municipalities,\n limitations based on,\n Housing................................ 18 4\n Indebtedness........................... 8 4\n Operating expenses..................... 8 10\n Villages,\n Advancement or loan by counties for\n unpaid taxes......................... 16 2\n Legislature,\n -- 33 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Duty to restrict..................... 8 12\n Power to limit....................... 8 12\n Levy and collection, provisions........ 16 2\n Limitation, exclusion.................. 8 10,11\nTAX REVENUE STABILIZATION FUND:\n Payments and withdrawals................. 7 17\n Power of legislature to establish........ 7 17\nTEACHER'S RETIREMENT SYSTEM:\n State and local, certain pension\n payments, legislature may increase.... 7 8\nTELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH:\n Communications, freedom from\n unreasonable interceptions............ 1 12\nTEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF SENATE(see "Senate").\nTENANTS:\n Removal from real property,\n County court jurisdiction............. 6 11(a)\n New York City-wide court of civil\n jurisdiction........................ 6 15(b)\nTERMINALS:\n Canals, prohibition against disposal,... 15 1\n Exceptions............................. 15 2\nTERMS:\n Supreme court, extraordinary, power\n of governor to appoint................. 6 27\nTHREE-FIFTHS QUORUM (see "Legislature").\nTHRUWAYS (see "Public Corporations").\nTIMBER:\n Forest preserves, sale, etc., prohibited. 14 1\nTITLE (see "Land").\nTITLE OF BILLS (see "Bills").\nTOLLS:\n Canals, prohibited....................... 15 3\nTOWN COURTS\n Actions and proceedings,\n County court, concurrent jurisdiction.. 6 11(a)\n Transfer therefrom..................... 6 19(c,i)\n Appeals,\n Appellate term......................... 6 8(e),11(d)\n ..................................... 35(m)\n County court........................... 6 11(d),35(m)\n Continuation............................. 6 17(a)\n County court,\n Actions and proceedings,\n Concurrent jurisdiction.............. 6 11(a)\n Transfer thereto..................... 6 19(c)\n Appeals................................ 6 11(d),35(m)\n Court system of state, unified,\n included therein....................... 6 1(a)\n Discontinuance, subject to approval at\n -- 34 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n general elections...................... 6 17(b)\n Expenses of court........................ 6 29(a-d)\n Judges,\n Assignment, temporary.................. 6 26(j)\n Classification......................... 6 17(d)\n Duties................................. 6 17(d)\n Education and training................. 6 20(c)\n Election............................... 6 17(d)\n Qualifications......................... 6 20(c)\n Removal for cause...................... 6 22(i)\n Restrictions........................... 6 20(c)\n Retirement for disability.............. 6 22(i)\n Selection.............................. 6 17(d)\n Term................................... 6 17(d)\n Vacancies.............................. 6 17(d)\n Jurisdiction............................. 6 17(a)\n Mandates, service and execution.......... 6 1(c)\n Practice and procedure................... 6 17(b)\n Processes, service and execution......... 6 1(c)\n Regulation............................. 6 17(b)\n Supreme court, power to transfer actions\n or proceedings pending therein\n to county court...................... 6 19(c)\n Warrants, services and execution......... 6 1(c)\nTOWNS (See also "Municipalities"):\n Action to compel setting aside funds\n for payment of indebtedness............ 8 2\n Acquisition of property, local laws\n relating thereto....................... 9 2(c)\n Adoption and amendment of local laws..... 9 1(a),2(c)\n Agreements, authorization for certain\n relating to services etc............... 9 1(c)\n Annexation of territory, procedure....... 9 1(d)\n Appointment, officers not provided for\n by constitution........................ 9 1(b)\n Appropriations for payment of\n indebtedness........................... 8 2\n Assembly districts, formation, not to\n be divided, exception.................. 3 5\n Assessments, duty of legislature to\n restrict............................... 8 12\n Bingo, power to authorize................ 1 9\n Bonds,\n Ownership in private corporation\n prohibited........................... 8 1\n Pension or retirement systems, serial\n bonds, exclusion from indebtedness... 8 5\n Borrowing, duty of legislature to\n restrict............................... 8 12\n Certificate of indebtedness, exclusion\n -- 35 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n in computing limitations............... 8 5\n Charitable institutions, payments\n authorized............................. 8 1\n Civil service, appointment and\n promotions............................. 5 6\n Claims against, power to adopt and\n amend local laws....................... 9 2(c)\n Contractors, power to adopt and amend\n local laws for protection of\n employees.............................. 9 2(c)\n Correctional institutions,\n Indebtedness for maintenance, etc...... 8 1\n Public funds authorized for private.... 8 1\n County, advances for unpaid taxes........ 16 2\n Courts (see "Town Courts")\n Dependent children, indebtedness for\n maintenance, etc....................... 8 1\n Division, unaffected by restrictions on\n creation of assembly districts......... 3 5\n Drainage systems,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2(a)\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2(a)\n Revenues, restriction on use........... 8 2(a)\n Education, indebtedness.................. 8 1\n Elections,\n Annexation of territory, procedure..... 9 1(d)\n Bi-partisan requirements inapplicable.. 2 8\n Officers not provided for by\n constitution......................... 9 1(b)\n Registration not required, exception... 2 5\n Electric utility, fair return on value\n of property............................ 9 1(f)\n Eleemosynary institutions, payments\n authorized............................. 8 1\n Eminent domain, authorization,\n limitation............................. 9 1(e)\n Employees,\n Civil service, appointments and\n promotions........................... 5 6\n Compensation, power to adapt and amend\n local laws........................... 9 2(c)\n Membership in retirement system,\n benefits not to be impaired.......... 5 7\n Protection of safety and welfare....... 9 2(c)\n Veteran's preference and credit in\n civil service........................ 5 6\n Erection of new, unaffected by\n restrictions on creation of assembly\n -- 36 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n districts.............................. 3 5\n Excess taking of land, sale or lease..... 9 1(e)\n Existing laws, continuance............... 9 3(b)\n Existing powers as to local laws......... 9 2(c)\n Finance (see "Indebtedness" under\n "Towns").\n Firefighters, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 9 1\n Fiscal officers, payment of\n indebtedness........................... 8 2\n Gas utility, fair return on value of\n property............................... 9 1(f)\n Gifts of money or credit for private\n purposes prohibited.................... 8 1\n Governmental functions, apportionment\n of costs, authorization................ 9 1(g)\n Health,\n Protection of employees, local laws\n affecting............................ 9 2(c)\n Services for children, indebtedness.... 8 1\n Hours of labor,\n Power to adopt and amend local laws.... 9 2(c)\n Regulation by legislation.............. 13 14\n Housing (see "Housing")\n Improvement districts, creation.......... 8 3\n Improvements, exclusions of\n indebtedness in computing limitation... 8 5\n Indebtedness,\n Debts excluded in computing\n limitations.......................... 8 5\n Fiscal officer payment................. 8 2\n Legislative power to limit............. 8 12\n Limitations............................ 8 2,4\n Housing.............................. 18 4,5\n Needy, authorization for support....... 8 1\n Period for which contracted............ 8 2\n Prior indebtedness unaffected.......... 8 8\n Public corporations, inclusion of\n indebtedness......................... 8 3\n Refunding conditions................... 8 2\n Restrictions........................... 8 2,4\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from limitation......... 8 2(a),5\n Joint Municipal facilities or services,\n Agreements, power to make.............. 9 1(c)\n Cost, apportionment thereof............ 9 1(c)\n Indebtedness, joint or several, may be\n contracted therefor.................. 8 1\n Municipalities may join together to\n provide.............................. 8 1\n -- 37 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Taxes and charges may be imposed\n therefor............................. 8 1\n Legislative body,\n Composition and membership, local\n laws to provide therefor............. 9 2(c)\n Elective............................... 9 1(a)\n Power to adopt and amend local laws.... 9 1(a)\n Request to legislature for passage of\n special laws......................... 9 2(b)\n Legislature may confer and withdraw\n powers................................. 9 2(b)\n Loans,\n Legislature to restrict powers......... 13 14\n Money or credit, private purposes\n prohibited........................... 8 1\n Loans of credit, legislature to\n restrict powers........................ 8 12\n Local laws, power to adopt and amend..... 9 1(a),2(c)\n Lotto, power to authorize................ 1 9\n Nursing homes (see "Nursing Homes")\n Officers,\n Appointment and removal................ 9 2(c)\n Compensation, power to fix............. 9 2(c)\n Election or appointment, manner when\n not provided by constitution......... 9 1(b)\n Organization, legislature to provide..... 9 2(a)\n Orphan asylums, maintenance, etc......... 8 1\n Pension or retirement system, bonds,\n exclusion from debt limitation......... 8 5\n Pledge of faith and credit for payment\n of indebtedness........................ 8 2\n Improvement districts.................. 8 3\n Poor, support............................ 8 1\n Police officers, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 8 1\n Private agencies, payments authorized.... 8 1\n Private property, taking for public use.. 1 7\n ....................................... 9 1(e)\n Property affairs and government,\n Legislature, restrictions.............. 9 2(b)\n Power to adopt and amend local laws\n affecting............................ 9 2(c)\n Authorization for local laws not\n affecting.......................... 9 2(c)\n Public corporations, indebtedness,\n consent required....................... 8 3\n Public improvements and services,\n Exclusion of indebtedness in computing\n limitation........................... 8 5\n Revenues of certain, application and\n -- 38 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n use.................................. 8 10(a)\n Water supply, restrictions\n inapplicable....................... 8 10(a)\n ................................. 1 17\n Public works, hours and wages............ 9 2(c)\n Reformatories, payments authorized....... 8 1\n Refunding indebtedness, conditions....... 8 2\n Registration of voters, legislative\n authority.............................. 2 5\n Request to legislature for passage of\n special laws........................... 9 2(c)\n Retirement system, local laws affecting\n certain, prohibited.................... 9 3(a)\n Revenue producing service, debts excluded\n in computing limitation................ 8 5\n Safety, protection, of employees adoption\n of local laws.......................... 9 2(c)\n Salaries of employees, etc.\n Power to adopt and amend local laws.... 9 2(c)\n Regulation by legislature.............. 13 14\n Schools and school systems, legislative\n power over............................. 9 3(a)\n Senate districts, formation, not to be\n divided exception...................... 3 4\n Services, joint or cooperative, contracts 9 1(c)\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from debt limitation...... 8 2(a), 5\n Sewage systems,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2(a)\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2(a), 5\n Revenues, restrictions on use.......... 8 2(a)\n Special laws prohibited, legislature to\n pass general laws, exception........... 9 2(b)\n Stocks, ownership in private corporations\n prohibited............................. 8 1\n Streets, power to adopt and amend local\n laws................................... 9 2(c)\n Taxes,\n Advancement by county for unpaid....... 8 1\n Housing, assessed valuation to limit\n indebtedness......................... 18 4\n Legislative power to limit............. 8 12\n Valuation limiting indebtedness........ 8 4\n Terms of office, power to adopt and amend\n local laws............................. 9 2(c)\n Transfer of functions and duties,\n Alternative form of county government,\n election............................. 9 1(h)\n -- 39 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Legislature may provide therefor....... 9 1(h)\n Transit facilities, power to enact local\n laws................................... 9 2(c)\n Utilities, public, fair returns on value\n of property............................ 9 1(f)\n Wages of employees, etc.\n Adoption and amendment of local laws... 9 2(c)\n Regulation by legislature.............. 13 14\n Water, public utility, fair return on\n value of property...................... 9 1(b)\n Water supply,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2(a)\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 5\n Revenues, restrictions on use\n inapplicable......................... 8 10(a)\n Welfare services for children,\n indebtedness........................... 8 1\n Working conditions of employees, etc.,\n local laws may provide therefor........ 9 2(c)\nTown Officers (see also "Public Officers"):\n ......................................... 2 7\n Election................................. 9 1(b)\nTransit Facilities:\n Local law, power of local governments to\n adopt and amend........................ 9 2(c)\nTransportation:\n School children, legislature may provide. 11 3\nTraveling Expenses:\n Delegates to constitutional convention... 19 2\n Legislature, members..................... 3 6\nTreason:\n Execution of sentence, power of governor\n to suspend until action by legislature. 4 4\n Governor's power to pardon, etc.,\n inapplicable........................... 4 4\n Reprieves, commutations and pardons,\n power of legislature to grant.......... 4 4\nTreasury:\n Appropriation necessary for payment of\n money.................................. 7 7\n Canals, funds from sale etc., to be paid\n into general fund...................... 15 2\n Payment, when to be made after passage of\n appropriation.......................... 7 7\n Trial By Jury (see "Jury").\nTrustees:\n Saving banks and institutions,\n Loan or use of money, interest in\n -- 40 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n prohibited........................... 10 3\n Profits, interest in prohibited........ 10 3\nTrusts:\n Intagible personalty, situs for taxation. 16 3\n Two-Thirds Vote (see "Legislature").\nULSTER COUNTY:\n Belleayre mountain, construction of ski\n trails................................. 14 1\nUndistributed Profits:\n Taxation prohibited...................... 16 3\nUnemployment:\n Legislature,\n Power to authorize loans to alleviate.. 7 8\n Power to guarantee bonds to alleviate.. 10 7\n Power to provide protection against\n hazards.............................. 7 8\nUnited States:\n Acceptance of certain offices to vacate\n seat in legislature.................... 3 7\n Corporations under laws of, no\n discrimination in taxation............. 16 4\n Housing, aid and cooperation authorized.. 18 2\n Navigable waters, voting residence\n unaffected............................. 2 4\n Services, employment, voting residence\n unaffected............................. 2 4\n Tax laws, reference thereto authorized... 3 22\nUnited States Deposit Fund;\n Capital preserved for support of schools\n and libraries.......................... 11 3\n Revenues, to what purposes applied....... 11 3\nUnited States Reserve Forces:\n Membership, legislators not disqualified. 3 7\nUnited States Veterans' Bureau Hospital:\n Absentee registration by inmates......... 2 5\nUniversity Of The State of New York:\n Government............................... 11 2\n Regents, number, powers.................. 11 2\nUnjust Contracts:\n Canals, cancellation by superintendent\n of public works........................ 15 3\nUtilities:\n Operation and use of gas, electic or\n water by local government, authority... 9 1(f)\n Profits, use by local governments........ 9 1(f)\nVACANCY IN OFFICE:\n Attorney-general......................... 5 1\n City court judges, outside New York city. 6 17(d)\n Comptroller.............................. 5 1\n County judge, appointment by governor.... 6 21(a)\n -- 41 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Court on the judiciary................... 6 22(b)\n Court of appeals,\n Appointment for service................ 6 2(c)\n Duration of appointment................ 6 2(c)\n Election and appointment to fill....... 6 2(c)\n Court of claims judges................... 6 21(b)\n District court judges.................... 6 21(d)\n Family court,\n Outside New York city.................. 6 21(a)\n New York city.......................... 6 21(c)\n Governor,\n Lieutenant-governor to act............. 4 5\n Speaker of assembly to act............. 4 6\n Temporary president of senate to act... 4 6\n Governor and lieutenant-governor, to be\n filled for unexpired terms at next\n general election....................... 4 6\n Lieutenant governor, temporary president. 3 9\n of senate to act....................... 4 6\n New York city-wide courts, judges,\n Civil jurisdictions.................... 6 21(c)\n Criminal jurisdictions................. 6 21(c)\n Public officers,\n Appointments to fill................... 13 3\n Elective officers, duration of\n appointments......................... 13 3\n Existence, determination by\n legislature.......................... 13 6\n Supreme court justice,\n Appointment by governor................ 6 21(a)\n Designation for service in court of\n appeals.............................. 6 2(c)\n Effect of appointment to court of\n appeals.............................. 6 2(c)\n Surrogate, appointment by governor....... 6 21(a)\n Town court judges........................ 6 17(d)\n Village court judges..................... 6 17(d)\nVenue:\n Change by private or local bill\n prohibited............................. 3 17\nVerdict:\n Rendition in civil cases, five-sixths\n jury vote sufficient................... 1 2\nVeterans:\n Absentee registration by inmates\n of veterans' bureau hospitals.......... 2 5\n Preferences and credits in\n civil service.......................... 5 6\n Registration by inmates of veterans'\n bureau hospitals; and families......... 2 5\n -- 42 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Veteran's Bonus (see "Bonus").\nVeterans Organizations:\n Bingo or lotto, conduct by certain,\n authorized............................. 1 9\nVeto:\n Bills passed by legislature.............. 4 7\n Passage over veto of governor............ 4 7\nVillage Courts:\n Actions and proceedings,\n County court, concurrent jurisdiction.. 6 11(a)\n Transfer therefrom..................... 6 19(c,i)\n Appeals,.................................\n Appellate term......................... 6 8(e),11(d)\n ..................................... 35(m)\n County court......................... 6 11(d),35(m)\n Continuation........................... 6 17(a)\n County courts,\n Actions and proceedings,\n Concurrent jurisdiction............ 6 11(a)\n Transfer thereto................... 6 19(c)\n Appeals.............................. 6 11(d),35(m)\n Court system of state, unified,\n included therein..................... 6 1(a)\n Discontinuance......................... 6 17(b)\n Expenses of court...................... 6 29(a-d)\n Judges (see also "Judges and Justices"),\n Assignment, temporary.................. 6 26(j)\n Classification......................... 6 17(d)\n Duties................................. 6 17(d)\n Education and training................. 6 20(c)\n Qualifications......................... 6 20(c)\n Removal for cause...................... 6 22(i)\n Restrictions........................... 6 20(c)\n Retirement for disability.............. 6 22(i)\n Selection.............................. 6 17(d)\n Terms.................................. 6 17(d)\n Vacancies.............................. 6 17(d)\n Jurisdiction............................. 6 17(a)\n Mandates, service and execution.......... 6 1(c)\n Practice and procedure................... 6 1(c)\n Processes, service and execution......... 6 1(c)\n Regulation............................... 6 17(b)\n Supreme court, power to transfer actions\n or proceedings pending therein to\n county court........................... 6 19(c)\n Warrants, service and execution.......... 6 1(c)\nVillages (see also "Municipalities"):\n Action to compel setting aside funds for\n payment of indebtedness................ 8 2\n Acquisition of property, local laws\n -- 43 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n relating thereto....................... 9 2(c)\n Adoption and amendment of local laws..... 9 1(a),2(c)\n Agreements, authorization for certain,\n relating to services, etc.............. 9 1(c)\n Annexation of territory, procedure....... 9 1(d)\n Appointment, officers not provided for\n by constitution........................ 9 1(b)\n Appropriations for payment of\n indebtedness........................... 8 2\n Assessments, duty of legislature to\n restrict............................... 8 12\n Bingo, power to authorize................ 1 9\n Bonds,\n Ownership in private corporation\n prohibited........................... 8 1\n Pension or retirement systems, serial\n bonds, exclusion from indebtedness... 8 5\n Borrowing, duty of legislature to\n restrict............................... 8 12\n Certificate of indebtedness, exclusion\n in computing limitations............... 8 5\n Civil service, appointment and promotion. 5 6\n Claims against, power to adopt and\n amend local laws....................... 9 2(c)\n ....................................... 9 2(c)\n Contractors, protection of employees..... 13 14\n County, advances for unpaid taxes........ 16 2\n Drainage systems,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2(a)\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2(a)\n Revenues, restriction on use......... 8 2(a)\n Education, exclusion from debt\n limitation............................. 8 10\n Elections,\n Annexation of territory, procedure..... 9 1(d)\n Bi-partisan requirements inapplicable.. 2 8\n Officers not provided for by\n constitution......................... 9 1(b)\n Registration not required, exception... 2 5\n Electric utility, fair return on value\n of property............................ 9 1(f)\n Eminent domain, authorization,\n limitation............................. 9 1(e)\n Employees,\n Civil service, appointments and\n promotions........................... 5 6\n Compensation, power to adopt and amend\n laws................................. 9 2(c)\n -- 44 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Membership in retirement system,\n benefits not to be impaired.......... 5 7\n ..................................... 9 2(c)\n Protection of safety and welfare....... 13 14\n Veterans preferences and credits in\n civil service........................ 5 6\n Excess lands, sale or lease.............. 9 1(e)\n Existing laws, continuance............... 9 3(b)\n Existing powers as to local laws......... 9 2(c)\n Firefighters, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 8 1\n Fiscal officers, payment of indebtedness 8 2\n Gas utility, fair return on value of\n property............................... 9 1(f)\n Gifts of money or credit for private\n purposes prohibited.................... 8 1\n Governmental functions, apportionment of\n costs, authorization................... 9 1(g)\n Health, protection of employees, etc..... 9 2(c)\n ....................................... 13 14\n Hours of labor of employees, etc.\n Legislature to regulate................ 13 14\n Power to adopt and amend local laws.... 9 2(c)\n Housing (see "Housing")\n Indebtedness,\n Debts excluded in computing\n limitations.......................... 8 5\n Legislative power to limit............. 8 12\n Limitations............................ 8 2,4\n Housing.............................. 18 4,5\n Payment................................ 8 2\n Period for which contracted............ 8 2\n Prior indebtedness unaffected.......... 8 8\n Public corporations, inclusion of\n indebtedness......................... 8 3\n Refunding conditions................... 8 2\n Restrictions........................... 8 2,4\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtednes from limitation.......... 8 2-a,5\n Joint municipal facilities or services,\n Agreements affecting, power to make.... 9 1(c)\n Cost, apportionment thereof............ 9 1(c)\n Indebtedness, joint or several, may be\n contracted therefor.................. 8 1\n Municipalities may join together to\n provide............................ 8 1\n Taxes and charges may be imposed\n therefor............................. 8 1\n Legislative body,\n Composition and membership, local laws\n -- 45 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n to provide therefor.................. 9 2(c)\n Elective............................... 9 1(a)\n Request to legislature for passage of\n special laws......................... 9 2(b)\n Legislature may confer and withdraw\n powers................................. 9 2(b)\n Loans,\n County, for unpaid taxes............... 16 2\n Money or credit, private purposes\n prohibited........................... 8 1\n Loans of credit, legislature to restrict\n powers................................. 8 12\n Local laws, power to adopt and amend..... 9 1(a),2(c)\n Lotto, power to authorize................ 1 9\n Nursing homes (see "Nursing Homes")\n Officers,\n Appointment and removal................ 9 2(c)\n Compensation, power to fix............. 9 2(c)\n Election or appointment, manner when\n not provided by constitution......... 9 1(b)\n Organization, legislature to provide..... 9 2(a)\n Pension or retirement system, bonds,\n exclusion from debt limitation......... 8 5\n Pledge of faith and credit for payment of\n indebtedness........................... 8 2\n Improvement district................... 8 3\n Police officers, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 8 1\n Populations for registration purposes,\n latest census controlling, exception... 2 5\n Private property, taking for public use.. 1 7\n ....................................... 9 1(e)\n Property, affairs and government,\n Legislature, restrictions.............. 9 2(b)\n Power to adopt and amend local laws\n affecting............................ 9 2(c)\n Authorization for local law not\n affecting............................ 9 2(c)\n Public corporations, indebtedness,\n consent required....................... 8 3\n Public improvements and services,\n Exclusion of indebtedness in computing\n limitation........................... 8 5\n Revenues of certain, application and\n use.................................. 8 10-a\n Water supply, restrictions\n inapplicable....................... 8 10-a\n Public officers,\n Election and term...................... 9 2(c)\n Salary, compensation or working\n -- 46 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n conditions, local law affecting...... 9 2(c)\n Public works, hours and wages............ 1 17\n ....................................... 13 14\n Registration of voters, legislative\n authority.............................. 2 5\n Refunding indebtedness, conditions....... 8 2\n Request to legislature for passage of\n special laws........................... 9 2(c)\n Retirement systems,\n Bonds, exclusion from debt limitation.. 8 5\n Local laws affecting certain\n prohibited........................... 9 3(a)\n Revenue producing service, debts\n excluded in computing limitation....... 8 5\n Safety, protection of employees, etc.,\n adoption of local laws................. 9 2(c)\n Salaries of employees, etc.,\n Power to adopt and amend local laws... 9 2(c)\n Regulation by legislature.............. 13 14\n Schools and school systems, legislative\n power over............................. 9 2(c)\n Services, joint or cooperative,\n contracts.............................. 9 1(c)\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from debt limitation...... 8 2-a,5\n Sewage systems,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2-a\n Revenues, restrictions on use........ 8 2-a\n Special laws prohibited, legislature\n to pass general laws, exception...... 9 2(b)\n Stocks, ownership in private\n corporations prohibited.............. 8 1\n Streets, power to adopt and amend\n local laws........................... 9 2(c)\n Taxes,\n Advancement by county for unpaid..... 16 2\n Amount to be raised by real estate,\n limited............................ 8 10\n Exclusion of certain expenditures.. 8 11\n Legislative power to limit........... 8 12\n Legislature,\n Assessment, levy and collection.... 16 2\n Restriction of power to impose..... 8 12\n Loans by county for unpaid........... 16 2\n Power to adopt and amend local laws.. 9 2(c)\n Real property limitation on taxation 8 10-12\n Terms of office, power to adopt and\n -- 47 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n amend local laws..................... 9 2(c)\n Transfer of functions and duties,\n Alternative form of county\n government, election............... 9 1(h)\n Legislature may provide therefor..... 9 1(h)\n Transit facilities, power to enact\n local laws........................... 9 2(c)\n Utilities, public, fair returns on\n value of property.................... 9 1(f)\n Wages of employees, etc.,\n Adoption and amendment of local laws 9 2(c)\n Regulation by legislature............ 13 14\n Water, public utility, fair return on\n value of property.................... 9 1(f)\n Water supply,\n Common or excess, legislature may\n authorize............................ 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 5\n Revenues, restriction on use\n inapplicable......................... 8 10-a\n Water, public utility, fair return on\n value of property...................... 9 1(f)\n Working conditions of employees, etc.,\n local laws may provide therefor........ 9 2(c)\nVISITATION:\n Correction commission, institutions for\n detention of criminals................. 17 5\n Institutions generally................... 17 2\n Legislature, power to provide............ 17 6\n Mental hygiene department................ 17 4\nVOLUNTEER FIREFIGHTERS:\n Bingo or lotto, conduct by certain\n organizations of, authorized........... 1 9\nVOTERS AND VOTING (see also "Elections"):\n Absentee voting, legislature to provide 2 2\n Disqualification,\n Bet or wager on result of election..... 2 3\n Bribery, legislature to disfranchise\n persons convicted.................... 2 3\n Infamous crime, legislature to\n disfranchise persons convicted... 2 3\n Identification by signature for\n registration and voting purposes....... 2 7\n Ill and physically disabled voters\n (see, under "Elections").\n Military personnel and families.......... 2 1\n Physically disabled voter (see, under\n "Elections").\n Places of voting, designtion by private\n -- 48 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n or local bill prohibited............... 3 17\n Qualifications,\n Age requirement........................ 2 1\n Ability to read and write English,\n exception............................ 2 1\n Citizenship............................ 2 1\n Residence, state and local............. 2 1\n Circumstances not affecting.......... 2 4\n School district elections, certain,\n legislature shall prescribe.......... 8 4,10\n Right guaranteed, exception.............. 1 1\n Suffrage, general provisions............. 2 1-8\nWAGES ON PUBLIC WORK:\n Employees generally...................... 13 14\n Prevailing rate to be paid............... 1 17\nWAIVER OF IMMUNITY OR OF JURY TRIAL (see\n"Criminal Actions").\nWAR:\n Defense of state, power to contract\n debts.................................. 7 10\n Governor, absence from state,\n continuance as commander-in-chief...... 4 5\n Members of armed forces, indictment by\n grand jury not required................ 1 6\nWARRANTS:\n Courts, service and execution............ 6 1(c)\n Interception of telephone and telegraph\n communications......................... 1 12\n Search and seizure, generally............ 1 12\nWARREN COUNTY:\n Gore mountain, construction of ski\n trails................................. 14 1\n Pete Gay mountain, construction of ski\n trails................................. 14 1\nWATER SUPPLY:\n Common, for municipalities............... 8 2-a\n Excess, sale authorized.................. 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, debts excluded in\n computing limitation................... 8 5\n Municipal, use of forest lands for\n reservoirs............................. 14 2\n New York city, financing by bonds........ 8 2\n Revenues, restrictions on use\n inapplicable........................... 8 10-a\nWATER UTILITIES:\n Operation and use by local governments,\n fair return on value of property,\n authority.............................. 9 1(f)\nWELFARE (see "Social Welfare").\nWHITEFACE MOUNTAIN:\n -- 49 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Forest preserve, construction of ski\n trails permitted....................... 14 1\nWILD LIFE:\n Appropriations for conservation.......... 14 3\n Conservation, state policy............... 14 3\nWILLS:\n Probate, jurisdiction of surrogate's\n court.................................. 6 12(d)\nWITNESSES:\n Accused, Compelling self-incriminating\n testimony prohibited................... 1 6\n Right to be confronted with............ 1 6\n Competency unaffected by religious\n beliefs................................ 1 3\n Court on the judiciary,\n Authority to grant immunity............ 6 22(f)\n Authority to summon.................... 6 22(f)\n Detention, unreasonable, prohibited...... 1 5\n Privilege against self-incrimination..... 1 6\n Self-incrimination, privilege against.... 1 6\n Religious beliefs, competency\n unaffected............................. 1 3\n Unreasonable detention prohibited........ 1 5\nWORKERS' COMPENSATION:\n Death, compensation, power to limit\n amount................................. 1 18\n Employer, moneys paid, proper business\n charge................................. 1 18\n Exclusion of other rights or remedies.... 1 18\n Injuries compensable without regard to\n fault, exception....................... 1 18\n Intoxictaion of employee................. 1 18\n Jury trial, issues may be determined\n or settled with or without............. 1 18\n Legislative power to enact laws.......... 1 18\n System, authority of legislature to\n provide................................ 1 18\n Wilfullness of injury or death........... 1 18\nWORLD WAR II:\n Bonus for veterans....................... 7 18\nWORSHIP (see "Religious Worship").\nWRIT:\n Habeas Corpus............................ 1 4\nWRONGFUL DEATH:\n Cause or right of action not to be\n abrogated.............................. 1 16\n Damages recoverable not to be limited.... 1 16\nYEAS AND NAYS:\n Question on final passage of bills to\n be taken by............................ 3 14,23\n -- 50 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Reconsideration of bills, voting to be\n determined by.......................... 4 7\n Removal of judge or justice, entry on\n journals of............................ 6 23(c)\n -- 51 --\n