§ L-Q — Index range: L-Q

INDEX\n Art. Sec.\nLABOR:\n Collective bargaining, protection of\n right.................................. 1 17\n Commodity or article of commerce,\n not to be considered 1 17\n ....................................... 1 18\n Employees, lives, health and safety,\n laws for protection.................... 9 2(c)\n ...................................... 13 14\n Local governments, adoption and\n amendment of local laws................ 9 2(c)\n Organization, protection of right........ 1 17\n Prison labor,\n Contract system abolished.............. 3 24\n Occupation and employment of prisoners. 3 24\n Public works,\n Days and hours, limitation............. 1 17\n Prevailing rate of wages to be paid.... 1 17\n Representatives, right of selection...... 1 17\n Right to organize and bargain\n collectively........................... 1 17\n Workers' compensation, system, laws...... 1 18\nLABOR DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\nLABOR RELATIONS (see "Labor").\nLABOR REPRESENTATIVES:\n Right of selection by employees.......... 1 17\nLABOR UNIONS (see "Labor").\nLANDS:\n Assessment and taxation of,\n comptrollers powers.................... 5 1\n Canal (see "Canals").\n Drainage (see "Drainage", "Drainage\n Systems").\n Excess condemnation by cities and\n counties for certain purposes.......... 1 7\n Forest preserve (see "Conservation").\n Lowlands and swamps, drainage by\n private or local bill prohibited....... 3 17\n Private roads,\n Damage from opening, determination\n by jury................................ 1 7\n Necessity for opening, determination\n by jury................................ 1 7\n Opening, manner.......................... 1 7\n Persons benefited to pay damage\n and expense............................ 1 7\n Swamp or agricultural, drainage,\n Compensation for property taken........ 1 7\n -- 1 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Construction of drains, ditches\n and dykes............................ 1 7\n Private or local bills prohibited...... 3 17\n Property, use.......................... 1 7\n Use of ditches and dykes on lands\n of others............................ 1 7\nLARCENY:\n Petit, prosecution by indictment\n unnecessary............................ 1 6\nLAW, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Attorney-general to be head.............. 5 4\nLAW, PRACTICE OF:\n Prohibition in case of certain judges.... 6 20(b)(4)\nLAW OF LAND:\n Citizen not to be disenfranchised or\n deprived of rights except by........... 1 1\nLAW OF STATE (see "State").\nLAWS:\n Enactment................................ 3 13\n Equal protection, guaranty............... 1 11\n Existing law not to be made applicable\n by reference........................... 3 16\n Federal laws, reference thereto\n authorized in cases of certain taxes... 3 22\n Governor to execute faithfully........... 4 3\nLEASES:\n Canals, prohibition,..................... 15 1\n Exceptions............................. 15 2\n Forest preserves, prohibition............ 14 1\n Low rent housing project, excess\n property acquired...................... 18 8\n Reforestation, lands acquired............ 14 3\n Wild life conservation, lands acquired... 14 3\nLEGISLATIVE SESSIONS:\n Annual, time for commencement............ 13 4\n Extraordinary............................ 4 3\nLEGISLATURE:\n Absentee voting,\n Generally.............................. 2 2\n Actions and proceedings (see "Actions\n and proceedings" under "Powers").\n Additional surrogate, may provide........ 6 12(a)\n Adjournment,\n More than two days, consent of both\n houses required...................... 3 10\n No bill to become law after, without\n approval by governor................. 4 7\n Allowances to members for services as\n officers or in special capacities...... 3 6\n Annual meeting, time..................... 13 4\n -- 2 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Appeals (see "Appeals" under "Powers").\n Appellate division (see "Appellate\n division" under "Powers").\n Appellate term (see "Appellate term\n under "Powers").\n Apportionment of assembly members (see\n "Apportionment").\n Appropriations (see also\n "Appropriations"),\n Bills,\n Amendment or alteration when\n submitted by governor.............. 7 4\n Approval by governor, when required,\n Appropriation bills, generally..... 4 7\n ................................. 7 6\n Budget bills....................... 7 4,6\n Appropriating public moneys for\n local or private purposes,\n two-thirds vote required........... 3 20\n Certificate of necessity for\n immediate passage of new bills..... 7 5\n Effective after passage without\n action by governor................. 7 4\n Items, approval of some and\n disapproval of others.............. 4 7\n Passage over veto of items\n objected to........................ 4 7\n Restriction on consideration of\n certain............................ 7 5\n Restriction on content of certain.... 7 6\n Separate bill for each\n appropriation, when required,\n exceptions......................... 7 6\n Specification of sum, object and\n purpose of appropriation,\n requirement........................ 7 7\n Three-fifths quorum required for\n passing............................ 3 23\n Two-thirds vote required for\n passing certain.................... 3 20\n Claims against state, appropriation\n to pay............................... 3 19\n Contribution to state sinking funds.... 7 16\n Court on the judiciary, expenses....... 6 22(h)\n Estimates by departments to governor... 7 1\n ..................................... 4 7\n Governor, approval of appropriation\n bills................................ 7 4,6\n Housing, low rent, etc.,\n appropriations from general fund..... 18 2\n -- 3 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Judiciary, appropriations,\n Approval of bills by governor........ 7 4\n Restrictions on amendment\n inapplicable....................... 7 4\n Legislature, appropriations,\n Approval of bills by governor........ 7 4\n Restrictions on amendment\n inapplicable....................... 7 4\n Moneys not to be paid out except by.... 7 7\n New bill, restriction on consideration\n prior to action on governor's\n bills, exception..................... 7 5\n Reforestation, appropriations.......... 14 3\n State debts, payment,.................. 7 16\n Failure to make, comptroller to set\n apart revenues..................... 7 16\n State sinking funds,................... 7 15\n Failure to make, comptroller to\n set apart revenues................. 7 16\n Sums not to be fixed by reference\n to other laws........................ 7 7\n Supplemental appropriation bills,\n Submission by governor............... 7 3\n Support of government, separate\n bills not required................. 7 6\n Three-fifths quorum required for\n passing.............................. 3 23\n Time for payment....................... 7 7\n Two-thirds vote required for passing\n certain.............................. 3 20\n Veto of items, reconsideration and\n passage.............................. 4 7\n Wild life conservation, appropriations. 14 3\n Assembly (see "Assembly").\n Assembly districts (see "Assembly\n Districts").\n Assembly members (see "Assembly\n members").\n Attorney-general, vacancy in office,\n filling................................ 5 1\n Banking, special charters, prohibition\n against................................ 10 3\n Betting on horse races, pari-mutuel,\n authorization.......................... 1 9\nLEGISLATURE:\n Bills ((see also "Bills"),\n Amendment by one house of bills passed\n by other, ........................... 3 12\n Not allowed on last reading............ 3 14\n Appropriation (see "Bills" under\n -- 4 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n "Legislature, Appropriations").\n Approval by governor before becoming\n law.................................. 4 7\n Assent of majority of each house\n required for passing................. 3 14\n Ayes and nays on final passage, entry\n on journal........................... 3 14\n Claims or demands of state, bills\n releasing, three-fifths quorum\n for passage.......................... 3 23\n Creation of debt, three-fifths quorum\n for passage.......................... 3 23\n Desks of members, to remain for three\n calendar legislative days............ 3 14\n Enacting clause........................ 3 13\n Enactment of laws by bills only........ 3 13\n Existing laws not to be made\n applicable by reference 3 16\n Failure of governor to return\n within time allowed.................. 4 7\n Final adjournment, no bill\n to become law after, without\n approval of governor................. 4 7\n Final passage,\n Ayes and nays to be taken............ 3 14\n Conditions, exceptions............... 3 14\n Majority vote required............... 3 14\n Veto, passage over,\n two-thirds vote required........... 4 7\n Yeas and nays to be taken\n on certain bills and entered\n on journals........................ 3 23\n Form, final, to be printed,\n exception............................ 3 14\n Governor, action after passage... 3 12\n Introduction........................... 3 12\n Journal, entry of ayes and nays\n on final passage..................... 3 14\n Last reading, no amendment permitted... 3 14\n Law enacted only by bill............... 3 13\n Law, existing, not to be made\n applicable by reference.............. 3 16\n Law, when bills to become, without\n signature of governor................ (4 7\n ..................................... (5 4\n Local (see "Private and local" under\n "Legislature, Bills").\n Messages required for passage\n (see "Bills").\n Origination in either house............ 3 12\n -- 5 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Passage (see "Final Passage" under\n "Legislature, Bills").\n Presentation to and approval by\n governor............................. 4 7\n Printing, requirement.................. 3 14\n Private and local (see also "Local\n Laws," "Special Laws"),\n Cases in which not authorized...... 3 17\n Embracing more than one subject\n prohibited....................... 3 15\n Statutory revision bills, excepted\n from restrictions against........ 3 21\n Title, subject matter to be\n expressed........................ 3 15\n Procedure for passing.................. 3 14\n Reconsideration after veto........... 4 7\n Statutory revisions, certain\n restrictions inapplicable to\n bills effecting.................... 3 21\n Tax, three-fifths quorum required\n for passage........................ 3 23\n Time for approval by governor........ 4 7\n Veto by governor,\n Passage over veto upon\n reconsideration.................. 4 7\n Return to house of origin\n with objections.................. 4 7\n Vote required for final passage\n (see "Bills").\n Board of supervisors (see "Board of\n Supervisors")\n Bonus (see "Bonus").\n Budget (see "Budget").\n Canals (see "Canals").\n Capital improvements, New York city\n determination as to exclusion from\n tax limitation......................... 8 11\n Cases prosecutable otherwise than\n by indictment of grand jury,\n authority to regulate.................. 1 6\n Cities (see "Cities").\n Citizenship requirement for service\n as member.............................. 3 7\n City-wide courts, New York city (see\n "City-wide courts, New York city\n under "Duties," "Powers" and\n "Restrictions").\n City courts, outside New York city\n (see "City courts, outside New York\n city" under "Duties" and "Powers").\n -- 6 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n City of New York (see "New York City"\n under "Legislature").\n Civil service and veterans'\n preferences (see "Civil Service").\n Claims against state (see "Claims\n against state" under "Powers"\n and "Restrictions").\n Commencement of term..................... 13 4\n Common and statute law of colony of\n New York, alteration................... 1 14\n Commutations by governor................. 4 4\n Compensation, allowances and traveling\n expenses of members.................... 3 6\n Compensation of judicial officers\n retired for disability................. 6 2(c)\n Comptroller, vacancy in office filling... 5 1\n Condition of state, transmission of\n message at each session................ 4 3\n Condemnation of private property\n (see "Eminent Domain").\n Conservation (see "Conservation")\n Constitutional amendments (see\n "Constitutional Amendments").\n Constitutional conventions (see\n "Constitutional Conventions").\n Contractors,\n Employees, safety and welfare........ (1 18\n .....................................(13 14\n Corporations (see "Corporations").\n Counties (see also "Counties"),\n Alternative forms of government...... 9 1(h)\n Division of power affected by\n restriction on assembly districts.... 3 5\n Legislative power over................. 9 1-3\n Local laws affecting,\n Enactment on certificate of\n necessity by governor.............. 9 2(b)\n Executive officer, request........... 9 2(b)\n When not required.................. 9 2(b)\n Organization and government.......... 9 2(b)\n Special or local laws affecting,\n prohibition against, exceptions.... 9 2(b)\n County courts (see "County courts"\n under "Powers").\n County court judges (see "County\n court judges" under "powers" and\n "Restrictions").\n County officers (see County Officers").\n Court of appeals (see also "Court\n of appeals" under "Powers" and\n -- 7 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n "Restrictions").\n Judges,\n Removal from office................. 6 23(a)\n Temporary, during military service\n of elected judges................... 6 20(b)(1)\n Jurisdiction, authority to restrict... 6 3(b)(8)\n Right to appeal to, authority to\n restrict............................. 6 3(b)(8)\n Court of claims (see "Court of claims"\n under "Powers" and "Restrictions").\n Court of general sessions, New York\n county (see "General Sessions").\n Court on the judiciary (see also\n "Court on the judiciary" under\n "Powers" "Duties" and\n "Restrictions"),\n Additional powers, right to\n confer............................... 6 22(g)\n Expenses, duty to provide............ 6 22(h)\n Removal charges before, notice\n to legislature..................... 6 22(e)\n Stay of proceedings before,\n pending determination of identical\n charges............................ 6 22(e)\n Courts of record (see "Courts of\n record" under "Powers").\n Criminal cases, appeals from\n judgments, provision................. 6 3(b)\n Criminals,\n Institutions, provision............ 17 5\n Probation and parole, provision.... 17 5\n Debts, state, appropriations for\n payment of principal and interest.... 7 16\n Defense and protection of state,\n to provide........................... 12 1\n District courts (see "District courts"\n under "Duties" "Powers" and\n "Restrictions").\n Disqualifications for membership\n (see "Assembly," "Assembly\n members," "Senate," "Senators"),\n Divorce, prohibition against grant..... 1 9\n Doors of each house to be kept open,\n exception............................ 3 10\n Duties (see also "Powers,"\n "Restrictions" under "Legislature"),\n Absentee voting, generally......... 2 2\n Agriculture and markets, head of\n department, manner of\n appointment, to prescribe........ 5 4\n -- 8 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Annual session, duty and time\n of assembly...................... 13 4\n Assembly members, apportionment, to\n provide.......................... 3 5\n Attorney-general, filling vacancy\n in office, to provide............ 5 1\n Bingo, to enact laws to regulate... 1 9\n Bribery of public officers, payment\n by state of county expenses\n of prosecution, to provide....... 13 13(b)\n Canals, expenses of superintendence\n and repairs, annual\n appropriations................... 15 3\n Children, jurisdiction over\n adoption, guardianship, etc., to\n consider religious persuasion.... 6 32\n Cities,\n Organization, to provide......... 9 2(a)\n Power to contract indebtedness,\n method of determining\n exclusions for housing\n purposes, to prescribe......... 18 4\n Power to contract indebtedness,\n manner of determining\n exclusions for education\n purposes, to prescribe......... 8 4\n Powers of taxation, assessment,\n borrowing money, etc., to\n restrict....................... 8 12\n City court, New York city, to\n provide that justices be judges\n of city-wide court of civil\n jurisdiction for remainder of\n term............................. 6 35(c)\n City courts, outside New York city,\n Judges,\n General provisions relating\n thereto, to prescribe........ 6 17(d)\n Qualifications, to prescribe... 6 20(c)\n Restrictions, to prescribe..... 6 20(c)\n Jurisdiction, to prescribe,\n limitation..................... 6 17(a)\n City-wide courts, New York city,\n Establishment.................... 6 1(a),15(a)\n Transfer thereto, judges of\n abolished courts............. 6 35(c,d)\n Civil service appointments and\n promotions, to enact laws........ 5 6\n Comptroller, filing vacancy in\n office, to provide............... 5 1\n -- 9 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Constitutional amendments,\n Attorney-general, reference\n for opinion.................... 19 1\n Entry on journals with ayes\n and noes....................... 19 1\n Reference to legislature next\n chosen and publication......... 19 1\n Submission to people, manner\n and time, to prescribe......... 19 1\n Constitutional convention,\n question on holding, submission.. 19 2\n Counties,\n Alternative forms of government,\n to provide..................... 9 1(h)\n Structure of government and\n manner of functioning, to\n set forth.................... 9 1(h)\n Organization and government,\n to provide..................... 9 2(a)\n County officers, time for election,\n to fix........................... 13 8\n Court on the judiciary,\n appropriations for expenses,\n to make.......................... 6 22(h)\n Defenses and protection of state,\n to provide....................... 12 1\n District courts,\n Judges,\n Qualifications................. 6 20(c)\n Restrictions................... 6 20(c)\n Doors of each house to be kept\n open, exception.................. 3 10\n Executive budget, procedure for\n hearings and appearances, to\n prescribe........................ 7 3\n Expenses of courts,\n Cost of operating and\n maintaining, certain courts,\n to allocate.................... 6 29(a)\n Final determinations of\n estimated financial needs of\n certain courts borne by state,\n to make........................ 6 29(c)\n Submission of annual financial\n needs to administrative\n board of judicial conference\n by certain courts, to provide.. 6 29(b)\n Gambling, to enact laws to prevent. 1 9\n General laws, cases in which\n action must be taken by.......... 3 17\n -- 10 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Governmental operations,\n continuity during certain\n emergencies, to provide.......... 3 25\n Governor and lieutenant-governor,\n Election by single vote\n applicable to both offices,\n to provide..................... 4 1\n Housing, occupancy of projects, to\n restrict and give certain\n preference....................... 18 6\n Journal of proceedings, each house\n to keep and publish.............. 3 10\n Judges and justices, certain, to\n establish compensation........... 6 25(a)\n Judicial conference, composition\n and function, to provide......... 6 28\n Judiciary article, to enact laws\n to effectuate.................... 6 33\n Lieutenant-governor and governor,\n Election by single vote\n applicable to both offices,\n to provide..................... 4 1\n Literature fund, revenues, to apply\n for support of common schools\n and libraries.................... 11 3\n Lotto, to enact laws to regulate... 1 9\n Magistrates' court, New York city,\n abolished, to provide that justices\n be judges of city-wide court of\n criminal jurisdiction for remainder\n of term.............................. 6 35(d)\n Members, elections, returns and\n Qualifications, each house to judge.. 3 9\n Militia, minimum force, to maintain and\n make annual appropriations........... 12 1\n Militia, maintenance and regulation, to\n provide.............................. 12 1\n Municipal corporations, public\n improvements and services, method of\n determining exclusions from\n indebtedness, to prescribe........... 8 5\n Municipal court, New York city,\n abolished, to provide that justices\n be judges of city-wide court of\n civil jurisdictions for remainder\n of term.............................. 6 35(c)\n Municipalities, equalization ratio for\n tax limitation, manner of\n determination, to prescribe.......... 8 10\n Needy, care and support, to provide.... 17 1\n -- 11 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n New York city, method of determining\n exclusions of indebtedness,\n Dock purposes, to prescribe.......... 8 7\n School purposes, to prescribe........ 8 7\n Transit purposes, to prescribe....... 8 7a\n Officers, each house to choose......... 3 9\n Prisoners, labor, to provide........... 3 24\n Protection of state, to provide........ 12 1\n Public health, protection and\n promotion, to provide................ 17 3\n Public officers, certain,\n Removal for misconduct, to provide... 13 5\n Vacancies created by removal, to\n provide for filling................ 13 5\n Public offices, succession to powers\n and duties during certain\n emergencies, to provide.............. 3 25\n Reservoirs on forest preserve lands,\n charges for state operation, to\n assess............................... 14 2\n Rules of proceedings, each house to\n determine............................ 3 9\n Savings banks, powers, rights and\n liabilities, to conform with general\n laws................................. 10 3\n School districts, certain,\n Consolidated district, tax\n limitation, to prescribe........... 8 10\n Propositions to increase tax\n limitation, qualifications for\n voting, to prescribe............... 8 4,10\n Schools, free common, maintenance and\n support, to provide.................. 11 1\n Senate districts, readjustment or\n alteration, to provide............... 3 4\n Sinking funds, contributions, to make\n appropriations....................... 7 15,16\n State boards and commissions, manner\n of removal of members by governor,\n to prescribe......................... 5 4\n State comptroller, auditing powers\n and duties, to define................ 5 1\n Vacancy, to provide for filling...... 5 1\n State debts, payment of interest and\n principal, to make appropriations.... 7 16\n State departments, heads, manner of\n removal by governor, to prescribe.... 5 4\n State departments and officers,\n publication of rules and\n regulations, to provide.............. 4 8\n -- 12 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n State enumeration, when to provide..... 3 4\n Statute of local governments, to enact. 9 2(b)\n Special sessions, New York city, to\n provide that justices be judges of\n city-wide court of criminal\n jurisdiction for remainder of term... 6 35(d)\n State officers, constitutional,\n compensation, to fix................. 13 7\n Taxation,\n Assessments, supervision, review\n and equalization, to provide....... 16 2\n Laws delegating power, types of\n taxes and review, to specify\n and provide........................ 16 1\n Town courts,\n Judges,\n General provisions relating\n thereto, to prescribe............ 6 17(d)\n Qualifications, to prescribe....... 6 20(c)\n Restrictions, to prescribe......... 6 20(c)\n Training and education, to\n require for certain.............. 6 20(c)\n Jurisdiction, to prescribe........... 6 17(a)\n Towns,\n Organization, to provide............. 9 2(a)\n Power of taxation, assessment,\n borrowing money, etc., to restrict. 8 12\n Vacancies in office, to provide for\n filling.............................. 13 3\n Village courts,\n Judges,\n General provisions relating\n thereto, to prescribe............ 6 17(d)\n Qualifications, to prescribe....... 6 20(c)\n Restrictions, to prescribe......... 6 20(c)\n Training and education, to require\n for certain...................... 6 20(c)\n Jurisdiction, to prescribe........... 6 17(a)\n Villages,\n Organization, to provide............. 9 2(a)\n Powers of taxation, assessment,\n borrowing money, etc., to restrict. 8 12\n Villages of 5,000 or more,\n Housing indebtedness, method of\n determining exclusion, to\n prescribe.......................... 18 4\n Voters, identification by signature,\n to require, exceptions............... 2 7\n Voting,\n Exclusion from suffrage of persons\n -- 13 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n convicted of certain crimes, to\n enact laws......................... 2 3\n Right of suffrage and registration,\n to enact laws...................... 2 5\n Education (see also "Education"),\n Certain persons, provision............. 7 8\n School system, provision............... 11 1\n Transportation of school children,\n authorization........................ 11 3\n Elections (see also "Elections"),\n Absentee registration.................. 2 5\n Absentee voting, to enact laws......... 2 2\n Authority to provide................... 2 2\n Bi-partisan boards to control.......... 2 8\n Inapplicability to town and village\n elections.......................... 2 8\n Boards,\n Equal representation of two major\n political parties.................. 2 8\n Existing laws to continue until\n changed............................ 2 8\n Officers constituting, nomination,\n appointment and election........... 2 8\n Conduct, secrecy of ballot preserved... 2 7\n Permanent registration, systems,\n authority to establish............. 2 6\n Persons entitled to vote, laws for\n ascertainment,....................... 2 5\n Exclusion for disqualification, to\n enact laws......................... 2 3\n Persons excluded from right of\n suffrage............................. 2 3\n Registration of voters, laws,.......... 2 5\n Personal application where\n required............................ 2 5\n Town and village, registration......... 2 5\n Eminent domain (see "Eminent Domain").\n Employees (see "Employees").\n Enumeration of powers involving use of\n state money or credit.................. 7 8\n Not to diminish pre-existing powers.... 7 8\n Expenditures, certain, determination as\n to exclusion from tax limitation of\n counties, cities, villages and\n school districts....................... 8 11\n Expenses of courts (see "Expenses of\n courts" under "Duties").\n Extraordinary sessions,\n Governor, power to convene............. 4 3\n Subjects recommended by governor,\n -- 14 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n action restricted.................... 4 3\n Family court judges (see "Family court\n judges" under "Powers" and\n "Restrictions").\n Final passage of bills (see "Bills").\n Financial needs, estimates and\n transmission to governor............... 7 1\n Forest lands, use for reservoirs,\n provision.............................. 14 2\n Gambling, prevention, laws............... 1 9\n General laws,\n Action on enumerated subjects.......... 3 17\n Drainage of swamp or agricultural\n lands, construction and maintenance\n of facilities, authorization......... 1 7\n General provisions relating to........... 3 1-24\n Governor (see also "Governor"),\n Communications by message on condition\n of state............................. 4 3\n Duty to expedite all measures adopted.. 4 3\n Recommendation of matters deemed\n expedient............................ 4 3\n Reprieves, commutations and pardons,\n Duty to report details............... 4 4\n Grand jury (see "Grand Jury").\n Health and safety (see "Health\n and Safety").\n Highways (see "Highways").\n Highways and parkways, use of proceeds\n of bonds for elimination of grade\n crossings.............................. 7 14\n Horse races, pari-mutuel betting,\n authorization.......................... 1 9\n Housing (see also "Housing"),\n Authority to provide for low rent\n housing and slum clearance........... 18 1\n Certain ventures prohibited............ 18 10\n Debt, amount, without submission to\n people............................... 18 3\n Eminent domain, grant of power,........ 18 2\n Excess condemnation, powers.......... 18 8\n Exclusions from debt, method of\n ascertaining......................... 18 4\n Limitation on indebtedness............. 18 4\n Local governments, powers.............. 18 2\n Power to enact legislation............. 18 10\n Regulations governing facilities....... 18 2\n Subsidies, authorization............... 18 2\n Conditions for granting.............. 18 6\n Impeachment (See "Impeachment").\n -- 15 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Income taxes, reference to federal laws\n authorized............................. 3 22\n Industrial plants, rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness to provide, right to\n authorize............................ 10 7\n Loans to provide, right to authorize... 7 8\n Journal of proceedings (see also\n "Journals of Legislature"),\n Ayes and nays on final passage of\n bills to be entered.................. 3 14\n Certain bills, yeas and nays on final\n passage, entry....................... 3 23\n Governor's objections to bills to be\n entered.............................. 4 7\n Keeping and publication by each house.. 3 10\n Reconsideration of bills, names of\n members voting to be entered......... 4 7\n Removal of judges and justices,\n Charges to be entered................ 6 23(c)\n Yeas and nays to be entered.......... 6 23(c)\n Judges and Justices (see "Judges and\n justices" under "Duties," "Powers"\n and "Restrictions").\n Judicial departments (see "Judicial\n Departments").\n Judicial districts (see "Judicial\n Districts").\n Judicial officers (see also "Judges\n and Justices"),\n Election or appointment, certain,\n time and manner, to direct........... 6 17(d)\n Removal from office on recommendation\n of governor.......................... 6 23(b)\n Retired for disability, compensation... 6 22(c)\n Judicial offices (see "Judicial offices"\n under "Powers")\n Jurisdiction and proceedings in law and\n equity, alteration and regulation...... 6 30\n Jury trial (see "Jury").\n Justices of the peace (see "Justices of\n the peace" under "Powers").\n Law and equity, jurisdiction and\n proceedings, alteration and regulation. 6 30\n Law of state,\n Acts of legislature constituting....... 1 14\n Alteration............................. 1 14\n Governor to execute faithfully......... 4 3\n Legislative power vested in Senate and\n Assembly............................... 3 1\n Legislators ineligible for certain civil\n -- 16 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n appointments........................... 3 7\n Loans,\n Low rent housing projects, conditions.. 18 6\n State money or credit, prohibition\n against, exceptions.................. 7 8\n Local bills (see "Bills" under\n "Legislature").\n Local laws (see "Local Laws," "Special\n Laws").\n Magistrates courts (see "Magistrates\n courts" under "Duties").\n Manufacturing plants, rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness to provide, right to\n authorize............................ 10 7\n Loans to provide, right to authorize... 7 8\n Members (see also "Assembly," "Assembly\n members," "Senate," "Senators"),\n Additional allowances for service as\n officer or in any special capacity. 3 6\n Appropriations for local or private\n purposes, votes of two-thirds\n necessary.......................... 3 20\n Commissioner of deeds, eligibility\n for appointment.................... 3 7\n Compensation and allowances,......... 3 6\n Constitution and laws to govern and\n control.............................. 3 6\n Continuance of existing until\n changed............................ 3 6\n Extra compensation prohibited........ 3 6\n Fees or perquisites of office,\n receiving for own use prohibited... 13 7\n Not to be increased or diminished\n during term........................ 3 6\n Elections, returns and\n qualifications, each house to judge.. 3 9\n Elections, when held................... 3 8\n Forfeiture of membership,\n Acceptance of certain offices to\n vacate seat........................ 3 7\n Election to congress, acceptance to\n vacate seat........................ 3 7\n Ineligibility for certain civil\n appointments......................... 3 7\n Items of appropriation, passage over\n veto, two-thirds vote required....... 4 7\n National guard of state, not\n disqualified for membership.......... 3 7\n Naval militia of state, not\n disqualified for membership.......... 3 7\n -- 17 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Oath of office......................... 13 1\n Office having no compensation, not\n disqualified for appointment......... 3 7\n Passage of bills over veto, two-thirds\n vote required........................ 4 7\n Quorum, majority to constitute,........ 3 9\n Three-fifths required for passage of\n certain bills...................... 3 23\n Reserve forces of the United States,\n not disqualified for membership...... 3 7\n Salary, uniform, to be fixed........... 3 6\n Speeches and debates, not to be\n questioned........................... 3 11\n Traveling expenses, reimbursement,\n limitation........................... 3 6\n Mental defectives, provision for care.... 17 4\n Mental health, provision................. 17 4\n Mentally ill, education and support,\n provision.............................. 7 8\n Messages required for final passage of\n bills (see "Bills").\n Militia (see also "Militia"):\n Maintenance and regulation, duty to\n provide.............................. 12 1\n Municipal corporations, organization,\n restrictions........................... 8 12\n ....................................... 9 3(c)\n Municipal court (see "Municipal court"\n under "Duties").\n Municipalities (see also\n "Municipalities"),\n Authorization of payments to certain\n institutions......................... 8 1\n Government, enactment of laws.......... 9 1-2\n Indebtedness,\n Exclusions in computing debt\n limitation....................... 8 7a\n Method of ascertaining, power to\n prescribe........................ 8 5\n Incurring, power to restrict......... 8 12\n Taxes,\n Expenditures, certain, exclusion\n from tax limitation................ 8 11\n Levying, power to restrict........... 8 10,12\n Limitation, agency and method to\n determine equalization ratio,\n right to prescribe................. 8 10\n Needy, aid, care and support provision... 7 8\n ...................................... 17 1\n New York city (see also "New York\n -- 18 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n City"),\n Counties within, laws affecting\n certain county offices prohibited,\n exception............................ 13 13(c)\n Message from governor required....... 13 13(c)\n Two-thirds vote required............. 13 13(c)\n Dock purposes, exclusion of\n indebtedness......................... 8 7\n Exclusion of certain indebtedness...... 8 7a\n Officers or courts, reservation of\n legislative power\n School purposes, exclusion of\n indebtedness......................... 8 7\n Supreme court, jurisdiction to\n determine,\n Additional exclusions from\n indebtedness....................... 8 7a\n Dock indebtedness, when and how to\n be excluded........................ 8 7\n New York Port Authority, obligations\n for railroad passenger equipment,\n right to guarantee..................... 10 7\n Nursing homes,\n Authority to provide for\n accommodations for persons of low\n income............................... 18 1\n Subsidies, authorization............... 18 2\n Oath of members.......................... 13 1\n Officers,\n Additional allowances for services..... 3 6\n Each house to choose................... 3 9\n Pardons, communication by governor....... 4 4\n Parole system, provision................. 17 5\n Pensions, public, right to increase...... 7 8\n Permanent personal registration,\n systems, laws.......................... 2 6\n Personnel, abolished courts,\n assignment............................. 6 35(1)\n Powers (see also "Duties,"\n "Restrictions" under "Legislature"),\n Absentee registration, to provide...... 2 5\n Absentee voting, to provide............ 2 2\n Actions and proceedings (see also\n "Actions" and "Judicial\n Proceedings"),\n New classes, right to create and\n provide for jurisdiction........ 6 7(b)\n Transfer, certain, right to\n provide............................ 6 19(a,c,g,h,i)\n Verdicts and judgments, right to\n -- 19 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n provide that certain not subject\n to monetary limitation............. 6 19(k)\n Appeals (see also "Appeals").\n Certain, right to provide for\n transfer thereof................... 6 35(m)\n Pending, certain courts, right to\n provide for hearing and\n determination.................... 6 34(a)\n Appellate division, additional\n jurisdiction, to prescribe........... 6 4(k)\n Appellate term, right to provide\n for appeals thereto.................. 6 8(e),11(d)\n ..................................... 34(a),35(m)\n Apportionments, regulations for\n judicial review, to prescribe........ 3 5\n Assembly districts, division of\n counties, time for assembly of\n local boards, to prescribe........... 3 5\n Assemblymembers, additional allowance\n for services as managers of\n impeachment, to fix.................. 3 6\n Banking purposes, formation of\n corporations and associations, to\n provide by general laws.............. 10 3\n Bills (see also "Bills" under\n "Legislature"),\n Right of each house to initiate\n and amend.......................... 3 12\n Vetoed, right to reconsider\n and pass over veto................. 4 7\n Bingo, right to regulate................. 1 9\n Blind, education and support, to\n provide................................ 7 8\n Bonus, state debt, right to\n create................................. 7 18\n Canals (see also "Canals"),\n Barge canal\n Lease or transfer to federal\n government, right to\n authorize........................ 15 4\n Lands and properties,\n Disposition of unnecessary, right\n to authorize..................... 15 2\n Occupancy or use, revocable\n permits, right to grant.......... 15 1\n Use by public thruway\n corporations, right to\n authorize........................ 10 6\n Manner of improvement, to\n provide............................ 15 3\n -- 20 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Navigation, laws and regulations\n governing, right to enact.......... 15 3\n Children,\n Health and welfare services,\n right to provide................... 7 8\n Neglected and dependent, care\n and support, right to provide...... 7 8\n Transportation to and from any\n school, right to authorize......... 11 3\n Cities (see also "municipalities"\n under "Legislature, Powers"),\n Additional powers of local\n legislation and administration..... 9 2(c)\n Counties not contained within,\n legislative power unaffected\n by home rule provisions in\n certain cases...................... 13 13(c)\n Excess taking of property for\n certain purposes, right to\n authorize.......................... 1 7\n Exclusion of indebtedness for\n housing purposes,\n determination, right to confer\n jurisdiction....................... 18 4\n General or special laws not\n relating to property, affairs\n or government, right to enact...... 9 2(c)\n Matters other than property,\n affairs or government, right\n to enact laws...................... 9 2(c)\n Public school systems, legislative\n power unaffected by home rule\n provisions......................... 9 3(a)\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from debt\n limitation, right to prove......... 8 2-a,5\n Water supply, excess or common,\n right to authorize................. 8 2-a\n City courts, outside New York city,\n Appeals therefrom, right to\n provide therefor.................. 6 8(e),11(d)\n Discontinuance, right to\n provide............................ 6 17\n Judges, manner of removal,\n right to provide................... 6 22(i)\n Mandates, right to provide for\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n Practice and procedure, right to\n establish.......................... 6 17(b)\n Processes, right to provide for\n -- 21 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n Regulation, right to provide......... 6 17(b)\n Uniform jurisdiction, right to\n establish.......................... 6 17(b)\n Warrants, right to provide for\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n City-wide court of criminal\n jurisdiction, right to grant\n jurisdiction over misdemeanors\n prosecuted by indictment............. 6 7(a),15(c)\n City-wide courts, New York city,\n Judges, manner of removal, right to\n provide............................ 6 22(i)\n Jurisdiction, right to prescribe..... 6 15(b,c)\n Mandates, service and execution,\n right to prescribe limitations..... 6 1(c)\n Merger, to provide on request of\n mayor and local legislative body... 6 1(a),15(a)\n Processes, service and execution,\n right to prescribe limitations..... 6 11(c)\n Warrants, service and execution,\n right to prescribe limitations..... 6 1(c)\n City officers, non-constitutional,\n election or appointment.............. 9 1(b)\n Claims against state,\n Appropriation for payment, right to\n provide............................ 3 19\n Jurisdiction thereof................. 6 9\n Trial of actions and proceedings,\n right to provide manner............ 6 18(b)\n Constitutional amendments, right\n to propose........................... 19 1\n Constitutional convention, time for\n submission of question on holding,\n right to fix......................... 19 2\n Contractors, public works, wages,\n hours, welfare and safety of\n employees, right to regulate........ 9 2(c)\n Corporations,\n Dues, means of security, right\n to prescribe...................... 10 2\n Formation, right to provide......... 10 1\n Laws affecting, right to alter\n or repeal......................... 10 1\n Counties (see also "Municipalities"\n under "Legislature, Powers").\n Additional powers of local\n legislation and administration..... 9 2(c)\n Agreements by two or more for\n discharge of governmental\n -- 22 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n functions, right to authorize...... 9 1(c)\n Alternative forms of government,\n what to contain, right to\n prescribe.......................... 9 1(h)\n Division, power unaffected by\n restrictions on creation of\n assembly districts................. 3 5\n Excess taking of property for\n certain purposes, right to\n authorize.......................... 1 7\n Laws relating to counties and\n governmental units, right to\n enact.............................. 9 1(h)\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from debt limitation,\n right to provide................... 8 2-a,5\n Tax limitation, method of\n increasing, right to prescribe..... 8 10\n Water supply, excess or common,\n right to authorize................. 8 2-a\n County clerks,\n Powers and duties, right to\n prescribe.......................... 6 6(e)\n Selection of jurors, manner and\n conditions, right to prescribe..... 13 13(a)\n County courts,\n Actions and proceedings, certain,\n right to provide for original\n jurisdiction....................... 6 11(a)\n Appeals thereto, right to provide in\n certain cases...................... 6 34(a)\n Equity jurisdiction, right to\n provide............................ 6 11(c)\n Money judgments, right to increase\n amount recoverable, limitations.... 6 11(a)\n County judges,\n Additional, right to provide......... 6 10(a)\n Combination with certain judicial\n officers, right to provide......... 6 14\n Number, right to increase............ 6 10(a)\n County officers, non-constitutional,\n election or appointment.............. 9 1(b)\n Court of appeals,\n Appeals as of right, power to\n abolish............................ 6 3(b)(8)\n Criminal cases, appeals, right to\n provide............................ 6 3(b)\n Judges,\n Right to remove for cause.......... 6 23(a)\n Temporary, during military service\n -- 23 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n of elected judges, right to\n provide.......................... 6 20(b)(1)\n Court of claims,\n Judges, power to increase number..... 6 9\n Jurisdiction, practice and\n procedure, right to provide........ 6 9\n Courts of record, additional, right\n to determine......................... 6 1(b)\n Court on the judiciary,\n Additional powers, right to confer... 6 22(g)\n Removal proceedings, stay pending\n determination of same charges...... 6 22(e)\n Courts, legislative power unaffected\n by home rule provisions.............. 9 3(a)\n Criminals, maintenance and support of\n institutions, right to provide....... 17 5\n Deaf, education and support, right to\n provide.............................. 7 8\n District attorneys, New York city\n counties, term of office, right to\n direct............................... 8 5\n District courts,\n Appeals therefrom, right to provide.. 6 8(l),11(d)\n Discontinuance, right to provide..... 6 16(i)\n Districts thereof, right to create... 6 16(e)\n Establishment, right to provide at\n request of board of supervisors.... 6 16(a)\n Judges,\n Additional, right to provide....... 6 16(f)\n Apportionment, right to provide.... 6 16(g)\n Number, right to provide........... 6 16(f)\n Removal, right to provide manner... 6 22(i)\n Jurisdiction, right to provide,\n limitation......................... 6 16(d)\n Mandates, right to provide for\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n Processes, right to provide for\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n Regulation, right to provide......... 6 16(i)\n Warrants, right to provide for\n service and execution.............. 6 1(c)\n Drainage systems, common or excess,\n right to authorize................... 8 2-a\n Dumb, education and support, right\n to provide........................... 7 8\n Education, higher, right to create\n indebtedness......................... 7 19\n Elections,\n Boards and officers, appointment or\n election, right to direct.......... 2 8\n -- 24 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Permanent registration, systems,\n right to provide................... 2 6\n Presidential, special procedures for\n voting thereat, power to adopt..... 2 9\n Town and village, registration of\n voters, power to require........... 2 5\n Uncontested primary elections, right\n to waive........................... 1 1\n Voting, method, right to prescribe.. 2 7\n Employees, protection of lives,\n health and safety, right to enact\n laws................................. 1 18\n ..................................... 13 14\n Employment,\n Indebtedness to provide, right to\n authorize.......................... 10 7\n Loans to provide, right to\n authorize.......................... 7 8\n Executive budget,\n Appearances of department heads,\n right to request................... 7 3\n Contents, additional information,\n right to require................... 7 2\n Family court judges,\n Combination with certain other\n judicial offices, right to provide. 6 14\n New York city, number, right to\n provide............................ 6 13(a)\n Forest preserve lands,\n Highways, construction and\n maintenance of certain, right to\n provide............................ 14 1\n Reservoirs, construction and\n maintenance, right to provide for\n use................................ 14 2\n Sale or exchange of certain, right to\n authorize.......................... 14 3\n Ski trails, construction and\n maintenance of certain, right to\n authorize.......................... 14 1\n Use of certain, right to prescribe... 14 3\n Governmental employees, wages, hours,\n welfare and safety, right to\n regulate............................. 13 14\n Governmental operations, continuity\n during certain emergencies, right\n to prescribe......................... 3 25\n Governor, salary, right to fix......... 4 3\n Hamilton county, power to abolish\n and annex territory.................. 3 5\n -- 25 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Horse races, pari-mutuel betting,\n right to authorize................... 1 9\n Housing,\n Acquisition of property ultimately\n necessary, limitations, right to\n impose............................. 18 9\n Cooperation with and aid from United\n States, right to authorize......... 18 2\n Excess taking of property, right to\n authorize.......................... 18 8\n Exclusions of indebtedness,\n jurisdiction to determine, right\n to confer.......................... 18 4\n Indebtedness of public corporations,\n guaranty of principal and interest\n by local governments, right to\n authorize.......................... 18 2\n Loans by local governments, power to\n authorize.......................... 18 2\n Power of eminent domain, right to\n grant.............................. 18 2\n Power to enact proper and necessary\n laws............................... 18 10\n State loans, power to make........... 18 2\n State loans and subsidies, additional\n conditions, right to provide....... 18 6\n State subsidies, right to provide.... 18 2\n Subsidies by local governments,\n power to authorize................. 18 2\n Tax exemptions, right to grant or\n authorize.......................... 18 2\n Housing and slum clearance, power to\n provide.............................. 18 1\n Impeachment, majority vote of Assembly\n required to exercise power........... 6 24\n Income taxes, reference to federal laws\n authorized........................... 3 22\n Industrial plants, rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state...... 10 7\n Loans by state, authorized......... 7 8\n Institutions, visitation and\n inspection, right to authorize....... 17 6\n Institutions for detention of\n criminals, maintenance and support,\n right to provide..................... 17 5\n Joint municipal facilities or services,\n Indebtedness, right to authorize\n and apportion........................ 8 1\n Taxes or charges, right to\n authorize.......................... 8 1\n -- 26 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Joint municipal facilities or service\n Indebtedness, right to\n authorize and apportion............ 8 1\n Taxes and charges may be imposed\n therefor........................... 8 1\n Journal or proceedings, each house to\n keep and publish..................... 3 10\n Judges and justices,\n Assignment, temporary, certain,\n right to provide................... 6 26(j)\n Compensation, additional for\n certain, right to prescribe........ 6 25(a)\n Qualifications, certain, right\n to determine....................... 6 20(a)\n Removal, certain,\n Manner, right to provide........... 6 22(i)\n Right to effect...................... 6 23(a)\n To determine those removable by\n senate............................. 6 23(b)\n Retirement for disability, to\n provide compensation............... 6 22(c)\n Temporary, to provide in\n certain cases...................... 6 20(b)(1)\n Judicial departments, power to alter\n boundaries........................... 6 4(a)\n Judicial districts,\n Composition, right to alter.......... 6 6(b)\n Increase or decrease number,\n right to provide................... 6 6(b)\n Justices in altered districts,\n right to re-apportion.............. 6 6(b)\n Judicial officers,\n Compensation of judicial\n officer retired for disability,\n right to provide................... 6 22(c)\n Judicial offices, combination of\n certain, right to provide............ 6 14\n Judiciary article, to enact laws\n to effectuate........................ 6 33\n Jury, composition in courts of\n original jurisdiction, right\n to provide........................... 6 18(a)\n Jury trial,\n Civil cases,\n Verdict by five-sixths jury, power\n to authorize..................... 1 2\n Waiver, manner, right to enact\n laws............................. 1 2\n Criminal cases, waiver,\n exception, right to enact laws..... 1 2,18\n -- 27 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Justices of the peace, legislative\n functions on town boards, right to\n abolish.............................. 6 17(c)\n Juvenile delinquents, education and\n support, right to provide............ 7 8\n Law and equity, jurisdiction and\n proceedings, right to alter and\n regulate............................. 6 30\n Law of state, right to alter........... 1 14\n Legislative power generally, vesting... 3 1\n Lieutenant-governor, salary, power to\n fix.................................. 4 6\n Limited dividend housing companies,\n loans by state and local\n governments, right to authorize...... 18 2\n Lotteries, use of proceeds for\n education, to prescribe.............. 1 9\n Lotto, right to regulate............... 1 9\n Low rent housing, manner, means,\n terms and conditions, right to\n prescribe............................ 18 1\n Manufacturing plants,\n rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state...... 10 7\n Loans by state, authorized........... 7 8\n Members,\n Compensation, right to establish..... 3 6\n Elections, returns and\n qualifications, each house to\n judge.............................. 3 9\n Senators and assembly members, time\n for holding elections, right to\n fix................................. 3 8\n Services as officer or in special\n capacity, additional allowance,\n right to fix....................... 3 6\n Mental health, protection, manner\n of providing, right to determine..... 17 4\n Mentally ill, education and support,\n power to provide..................... 7 8\n Municipal corporations, public\n improvements and services, power\n to determine exclusions from\n indebtedness, right to provide....... 8 2-a,5\n Municipalities,\n Debt limits, certain exclusions...... 8 2-a,4,5\n Laws relating to local government\n right to enact..................... 9 1-3\n Levy of taxes on real estate,\n right to restrict.................. 8 10,12\n -- 28 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Needy, aid, care and support, right 8 1\n to authorize....................... 17 1\n Payments to institutions for care,\n support and maintenance, right\n to authorize....................... 8 1\n Public improvements and services,\n exclusions of indebtedness......... 8 5\n Right to contract indebtedness\n and levy taxes, power to restrict.. 8 12\n State officer or agency to\n determine equalization ratio,\n right to direct.................... 8 10\n Needy, aid, care and support, power\n to provide,.......................... 7 8\n Manner and means, right to\n determine.......................... 17 1\n Needy sick, aid, care and\n support, right to provide............ 7 8\n New York city,\n Capital improvements, period of\n probable usefulness, right to\n determine.......................... 8 11\n Counties within, legislative power\n unaffected by home rule provisions. 13 13(c)\n Jurisdiction to determine exclusions\n of indebtedness, right to confer,\n Dock purposes...................... 8 7\n School purposes.................... 8 7\n Transit purposes................... 8 7a\n Reservation of power to amend or\n repeal laws affecting certain\n county offices, duration........... 13 13(c)\n Tax limitation, determination of\n indebtedness to be excluded,\n right to make conclusive........... 8 11\n Nursing homes accommodations for\n persons of low income, power to\n provide.............................. 18 1\n Officers, each house to choose......... 3 9\n Officers, non-constitutional,\n election or appointment.............. 9 1(b)\n Old age, protection against hazards\n right to provide..................... 7 8\n Pardons, regulations governing\n application, right to make........... 4 4\n Parole, systems, right to provide...... 17 5\n Pensions, right to increase amount\n of certain........................... 7 8\n Personnel, abolished courts,\n assignment, right to provide......... 6 35(1)\n -- 29 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Physically handicapped, education\n and support, right to provide........ 7 8\n Port of New York authority, certain\n obligations, right to guarantee...... 10 7\n Practice and procedure, courts,\n right to delegate power to regulate.. 6 30\n Primary elections, uncontested, right\n to waive............................. 1 1\n Private property taken for public use.. 1 7\n Private roads, opening, right to\n enact laws........................... 1 7\n Probation, systems, right to provide... 17 5\n Public corporations,\n Acquisition of properties and\n payment of indebtedness by state\n or political subdivision, right\n to authorize....................... 10 5\n Indebtedness, future, manner of\n granting local consent, right\n to prescribe....................... 8 3\n Water supply, excess or common,\n right to authorize................. 8 2-a\n Public health, protection and\n promotion, manner and means of\n providing, right to determine........ 17 3\n Public offices,\n Existence of vacancy, right to\n declare............................ 13 6\n Succession thereto, during periods\n of certain emergencies, of right\n to provide therefor................ 3 25\n Term of office, right to fix......... 13 2\n Public officers, oath of office,\n right to exempt inferior officers\n from requirement..................... 13 1\n Public officers and employees,\n compensation, power to tax........... 16 5\n Railroad crossings at grade,\n Reimbursement by railroad\n companies, time, manner and\n interest, right to prescribe....... 7 14\n State debt for elimination, right\n to create.......................... 7 14\n Railroad passenger facilities,\n obligations, right to guarantee...... 10 7\n Regents, corporate powers, right\n to change............................ 11 2\n Religious schools, inspection, use of\n public property, etc., right to\n authorize............................ 11 3\n -- 30 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Retirement systems, right to increase\n pensions of members of certain....... 7 8\n Rules of proceedings, each house to\n determine............................ 3 9\n School districts (see\n "municipalities" under\n "Legislature. Powers" "School\n Districts").\n Schools, transportation of children,\n right to authorize................... 11 3\n Senators, services on impeachment\n trials, additional allowance, right\n to fix............................... 3 6\n Sewage facilities, exclusion of\n indebtedness from debt limitation,\n right to prescribe................... 8 2-a,5\n Sewage systems, common or excess,\n right to authorize................... 8 2-a\n Sheriff's, renewal of security,\n right to require..................... 13 13(a)\n Sickness, protection against\n hazards, right to provide............ 7 8\n Ski trails, certain, construction and\n maintenance on forest preserve\n lands, power to authorize............ 14 1\n Slum clearance, right to provide....... 18 1\n Social welfare, rules and regulations,\n right to prescribe procedure for\n making............................... 17 2\n State commissions, temporary, right to\n create............................... 5 3\n State comptroller, powers and duties\n respecting real estate,\n Assessment, right to assign.......... 5 1\n Equalization, right to assign........ 5 1\n Taxation, right to assign............ 5 1\n State comptroller, duties respecting\n municipalities,\n Accounts, supervision, right to\n assign duty........................ 5 1\n Determination of exclusions from\n debt limitation, right to provide.. 8 4,5\n New York city fiscal officer,\n approval of determination of\n exclusions from tax limitation,\n right to make conclusive........... 8 11\n Vacancy, right to provide for\n filling............................ 5 1\n State debts,\n Laws creating,\n -- 31 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Power to forbid contracting of\n further liability................ 7 11\n Power to repeal.................... 7 11\n Notes or other obligations, right\n to provide for issuance............ 7 9\n Power to contract,\n Invasion, etc., to repel........... 7 10\n Taxes and bond proceeds, before\n receiving.......................... 7 9\n Privilege of pre-payment,\n reservation........................ 7 12\n Probable life of work or purpose,\n right to enact laws................ 7 13\n State departments, number, right to\n reduce............................... 5 3\n State departments and officers,\n powers and functions, right to\n assign and change.................... 5 3\n State enumeration in lieu of federal\n census, right to provide............. 3 4\n State highways, certain, construction\n and maintenance on forest preserve\n lands, right to authorize............ 14 1\n State highways and parkways,\n construction and reconstruction,\n right to appropriate certain moneys.. 7 14\n State properties and revenues,\n offices for protection, right\n to create............................ 5 5\n State thruway corporations,\n Bonds, right to make state\n liable............................. 10 6\n Canal lands, right to permit use..... 10 6\n Obligations, right to make state\n liable............................. 10 6\n State university, right to create\n indebtedness......................... 7 19\n Supreme court,\n Justices,\n Decrease in number, right to\n provide.......................... 6 6(d)\n Increase in number, limitation..... 6 6(d)\n Removal for cause.................. 6 23(a)\n Temporary justices, right to\n provide, during military service of\n elected justices................... 6 20(b)(1)\n Supreme court, appellate division,\n Housing, jurisdiction to determine\n exclusions of indebtedness, right\n to confer.......................... 18 4\n -- 32 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Jurisdiction, authority to confer.... 6 4(k)\n Municipalities, jurisdiction to\n determine exclusions from\n indebtedness, power to confer...... 8 5,7,7a\n Surrogate's courts,\n Judges,\n Additional, right to provide....... 6 12(a)\n Combination with certain other\n judicial offices, right to\n provide.......................... 6 14\n Jurisdiction, right to provide....... 6 12(d,e)\n Swamp or agricultural lands, drainage,\n right to enact laws.................. 1 7\n Taxation,\n Excise taxes measured by income,\n right to consider income from\n intangibles........................ 16 3\n Exemptions, right to alter or\n repeal, exception.................. 16 1\n Income taxes, reference to federal\n laws authorized.................... 3 22\n Power not to be surrendered or\n suspended, exception............... 16 1\n Public officers and employees,\n compensation, right to tax......... 16 5\n Tax revenues, funds for\n stabilization, right to establish.... 7 17\n Trial without jury, certain cases,\n right to authorize................... 6 18(a)\n Thruways (see "State thruway\n corporations" under "Legislature,\n Powers").\n Town courts,\n Appeals therefrom, to provide........ 6 8(e),11(d)\n Discontinuance, right to provide,\n limitation......................... 6 17(b)\n Judges, manner of removal, to\n provide............................ 6 22(i)\n Mandates, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Processes, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Regulation, right to provide......... 6 17(b)\n Warrants, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Town officers, non-constitutional,\n election or appointment.............. 9 1(b)\n Towns (see also "Municipalities"\n under "Legislature, Powers"),\n Division, power unaffected by\n -- 33 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n restrictions on creation of\n assembly districts................. 3 5\n New, power to create unaffected by\n restrictions on assembly\n districts.......................... 3 5\n Water supply, excess or common,\n right to authorize................. 8 2-a\n Treason, power to grant reprieves,\n commutations and pardons............. 4 4\n Unemployment,\n Indebtedness to alleviate, guaranty\n by state........................... 10 7\n Loans to alleviate, right to\n authorize.......................... 7 8\n Protection against hazards, right\n to provide......................... 7 8\n University of the State of New York,\n corporate powers, right to change.... 11 2\n Vacancy in office, existence, right to\n declare.............................. 13 6\n Veterans, preference in retention in\n civil service, right to provide...... 5 6\n Village courts,\n Appeals therefrom, right to provide.. 6 8(e),11(d)\n Discontinuance, right to provide..... 6 17(b)\n Judges, manner of removal, to\n provide............................ 6 22(i)\n Mandates, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Processes, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Regulation, right to provide......... 6 17(b)\n Warrants, service and execution,\n right to provide................... 6 1(c)\n Village officers, non-constitutional,\n election or appointment.............. 9 1(b)\n Villages (see "Municipalities" under\n "Legislature, Powers").\n Villages of 5,000 or more,\n Housing, determination of\n exclusion of indebtedness, right\n to confer jurisdiction............. 18 4\n Village taxes,\n Assessment, levy and collection\n by larger subdivisions, right\n to provide......................... 16 2\n Unpaid, loans or advances by\n counties, right to authorize....... 16 2\n Visitation and inspection, right to\n authorize............................ 16 2\n -- 34 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Water supply, excess or common, right\n to authorize......................... 8 2-a\n Wild life and forest conservation\n acquisition of land, right to make\n appropriations....................... 14 3\n Workers' compensation, system, right\n to establish......................... 1 18\n Primary elections, uncontested, right\n to waive............................... 1 1\n Prison labor,\n Occupation and employment of\n prisoners............................ 3 24\n Products, disposition to state and\n political subdivisions, authority\n to provide........................... 3 24\n Private and local bills (see "Bills"\n under "Legislature").\n Private roads, opening, power to\n prescribe manner....................... 1 7\n Privilege of members..................... 3 11\n Probation, system, provision............. 17 5\n Public contracts, regulation of certain\n matters affecting...................... 13 14\n Public corporations,\n Creation by special act only,\n exceptions........................... 10 5\n Interstate compact, powers when\n created pursuant to.................. 10 5\n Liability for obligations not to be\n imposed on state or political\n subdivision.......................... 10 5\n Powers, limitation..................... 10 5\n State thruways (see "State thruway\n corporations" under "Legislature,\n Powers").\n Public health, protection, provision..... 17 3\n Public money or property for local or\n private purposes, two-thirds vote\n required............................... 3 20\n Public office, conduct, power of grand\n jury not to be suspended or impaired... 1 6\n Public officers (see also "Public\n Officers"),\n Election or appointment when not\n provided by constitution............. 9 1(b)\n Fees or perquisites of office\n not to be received................... 13 7\n ..................................... 9 2(c)\n Legislative powers..................... 13 14\n Removal provision...................... 13 5\n -- 35 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Vacancies in office,\n Existence, declaration............... 13 6\n Filling, provision................... 13 5\n Public school system, legislative power.. 9 3(a)\n Public utilities operated by\n municipalities, restrictions on\n legislative powers..................... 3 18\n Public work, hours, days of labor and\n wages.................................. 1 17\n Qualifications for membership............ 3 7\n Quorum,\n Majority of members of each house to\n constitute........................... 3 9\n Three-fifths to constitute in certain\n cases................................ 3 23\n Railroad crossing elimination, amount\n of bond proceeds available for\n highways and parkways.................. 7 14\n Railroad passenger facilities, certain\n obligations, guaranty.................. 10 7\n Recommendations of governor.............. 4 3\n Refunding state debt prior to maturity... 7 13\n Rehabilitation of slum areas, provision.. 18 1\n Removal of judicial officers,\n Court of appeals, judges subject to\n removal by concurrent resolution..... 6 23(a)\n Court on the judiciary, time within\n which legislature must act to stay\n action............................... 6 22(e)\n Legislature deemed to be in session\n on receipt of notification......... 6 22(e)\n Supreme court, justices subject to\n removal by concurrent resolution..... 6 23(a)\n Reprieves, commutations and pardons,\n duty of governor to communicate........ 4 4\n Reservoirs,\n Apportionment of costs of improvements. 14 2\n State lands, use, authorization........ 14 2\n Restrictions (see also "Duties" and\n "Powers" under "Legislature"),\n Action for wrongful death,\n Damages recoverable not subject to\n statutory limitation............... 1 16\n Existing, not to be abrogated........ 1 16\n Adjournment for more than two days,\n consent of both houses required...... 3 10\n Alleys, opening, closing, etc.,\n action by general laws only.......... 3 17\n Appropriation bills,\n Changes in bills submitted by\n -- 36 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n governor........................... 7 4\n Provisions to relate to particular\n appropriation...................... 7 6\n New, neither house to consider until\n final action on governor's bills... 7 5\n Appropriations,\n Laws making, continuing or reviving,\n sum, object and purpose to be\n distinctly stated.................. 7 5\n Separate bills required, each for\n single object or purpose,\n exceptions......................... 7 6\n Banking purposes, prohibition against\n special chargers..................... 10 3\n Bills,\n Appropriations of public money for\n private purposes, two-thirds vote\n for passage........................ 3 20\n Final passage........................ 3 14\n Last reading, no amendment\n allowed.......................... 3 14\n Private or local,\n Cases in which not authorized.... 3 17\n Not to embrace more than one\n subject to be expressed in\n title.......................... 3 15\n Requirement for printing and\n placing on desks of members,\n exception.......................... 3 14\n Three-fifths quorum required for\n passage of certain................. 3 23\n Boards of supervisors, election of\n members, action by general laws only. 3 17\n Bonus, laws creating debt.............. 7 18\n Bookmaking, prohibition against\n authorization........................ 1 9\n Bridges, building, action by general\n laws only, exception................. 3 17\n Canals,\n Sale, lease, abandonment or other\n disposition, prohibition against... 15 1\n Exception, in case of barge\n canal............................ 15 4\n Tolls for transportation,\n prohibition against imposition..... 15 3\n Work, prohibition against extra\n compensation to contractors........ 15 3\n Capital or infamous crimes, no\n person to be held without\n indictment, exceptions............... 1 6\n -- 37 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Change of venue, action by general\n laws only............................ 3 17\n Cities,\n Annexation of territory, referendum\n required........................... 9 1(d)\n Housing, indebtedness in excess of\n constitutional limitations,\n conditions for authorization....... 18 4\n Property, affairs and government,\n action by general laws only,\n exceptions......................... 9 2(b)\n Special laws affecting, request of\n mayor or local legislative body\n required........................... 9 2(b)\n City officers,\n Elections to be held in odd-\n numbered years, exception.......... 13 8\n Terms of office to expire at end\n of odd-numbered years, exception... 13 8\n City-wide courts, New York city,\n compensation of judges, prohibition\n against decrease during term......... 6 25(a)\n Claims against state,\n Audit, allowance or payment, barred\n by lapse of time................... 3 19\n Private, not to audit or allow....... 3 19\n Corporations, prohibition against\n creation by special act, exception... 10 1\n Counties,\n Prohibition against enactment of\n certain laws....................... 9 2(b)\n Referendum required for certain\n laws following adoption of\n alternative form of government..... 9 1(h)\n Special or local laws affecting,\n prohibition against, exceptions.... 9 2(b)\n County court judges, compensation,\n prohibition against decrease during\n term................................. 6 25(a)\n County officers, counties within\n cities,\n Elections to be held in odd-\n numbered years, exception.......... 13 8\n Terms of office to expire at end of\n odd-numbered years, exception...... 13\n County seat, locating or changing...... 3 17\n Court of appeals, judges,\n compensation, prohibition against\n decrease during term................. 6 25(a)\n Court of claims, judges, compensation,\n -- 38 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n prohibition against decrease\n during term.......................... 6 25(a)\n Court on the judiciary, retirement\n proceedings not to be stayed by\n legislative action................... 6 22(e)\n Cruel and unusual punishments not to\n be inflicted......................... 1 5\n Defendant in criminal cases, rights.... 1 6\n Discrimination in civil rights\n because of race, color, etc.,\n prohibition against.................. 1 11\n Disfranchisement, prohibition against,\n exception............................ 1 1\n District courts, judges, compensation,\n prohibition against decrease\n during term.......................... 6 25(a)\n Divorce, prohibition against granting,\n exception............................ 1 9\n Double jeopardy, prohibition against... 1 6\n Due process of law guaranteed.......... 1 6\n Elections,\n Boards and officers to be bi-\n partisan........................... 2 8\n Opening and conduct, action by\n general law only................... 3 17\n Secrecy in balloting, requirement.... 2 7\n Equal protection of laws guaranteed.... 1 11\n Excessive bail and fines, prohibition\n against.............................. 1 5\n Exclusive privilege, immunity or\n franchise, action by general laws\n only................................. 3 17\n Exemption from taxation, action by\n general laws only.................... 3 17\n Extraordinary sessions, action\n restricted to subjects recommended\n by governor.......................... 4 3\n Family court, judges, compensation,\n prohibition against decrease during\n term................................. 6 25(a)\n Forest preserve lands,\n Lease, sale, exchange or taking,\n prohibition against................ 14 1\n Preservation of wild character....... 14 1\n Reservoirs, limitation on use........ 14 2\n Timber, prohibition against sale,\n removal or destruction............. 14 1\n Freedom of speech and press guaranteed. 1 8\n Gambling not to be authorized or\n allowed, exception................... 1 9\n -- 39 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Grand juries, powers not to be\n suspended or impaired................ 1 6\n Habeas corpus, writ not to be\n suspended, exceptions................ 1 4\n Highways, opening, closing, etc.,\n action by general laws only.......... 3 17\n Housing,\n Local governments,\n Indebtedness, limitation........... 18 4\n Periodic subsidies, limitation on\n duration......................... 18 4\n State debts, laws authorizing........ 18 3\n State loans or subsidies............. 18 6\n State subsidies,\n Payment from general fund only..... 18 2\n Prohibition against payment to\n remedy or avoid certain defaults. 18 5\n Restrictions and limitations....... 18 3\n Tax exemptions, limitation on\n duration........................... 18 2\n Incorporation of existing law by\n reference, prohibition against....... 3 16\n Judges and justices,\n Compensation, prohibition against\n diminution during term............. 6 25(a)\n Judicial officers, certain,\n prohibition against removal except\n for cause............................ 6 23(b)\n Jurors, selection, empaneling, etc.,\n action by general laws only.......... 3 17\n Labor of human beings not to be\n considered commodity or article of\n commerce............................. 1 17\n Law not to be enacted except by bill... 3 13\n Literature fund, capital to be\n preserved............................ 11 3\n Lottery, prohibition against\n authorization........................ 1 9\n Lottery tickets, prohibition against\n sale................................. 1 9\n Members,\n Civil appointments, certain, not to\n receive............................ 3 7\n Compensation and allowances,\n prohibition against increase or\n diminution during term............. 3 6\n Extra compensation not to be given... 3 6\n Money, regulating rate of interest,\n action by general laws only.......... 3 17\n Municipal public utility services,\n -- 40 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n laws governing profits............... 3 18\n Municipalities, right to levy taxes\n for previously-contracted\n indebtedness, not to restrict........ 8 12\n Names of persons, changing, action by\n general laws only.................... 3 17\n New York city, certain county offices\n within,\n Prohibition against passage of\n certain laws affecting,\n exceptions......................... 13 13(c)\n New York city,\n Prohibition against passage of\n certain laws affecting,\n exceptions......................... 13 13(c)\n Pension and retirement systems,\n benefits not to be diminished or\n impaired............................. 5 7\n Petition, right, prohibition against\n abridgement.......................... 1 9\n Pool-selling, prohibition against\n authorization........................ 1 9\n Prison labor, use and disposition of\n products............................. 3 24\n Prisoners, labor, prohibition against\n certain disposition.................. 3 24\n Private property not to be taken\n without just compensation............ 1 7\n Public corporations,\n Certain, prohibition against\n creation except by special act..... 10 5\n Creation, prohibition against,\n exceptions......................... 8 3\n Obligations, state or local\n liability, prohibition against\n acceptance or imposition,\n exceptions......................... 10 5,6\n Powers to contract indebtedness and\n collect real estate charges,\n referendum required, exception..... 10 5\n Public officers,\n Compensation fixed by law, not to\n receive additional................. 13 7\n Members of legislature............... 3 6\n Fees, etc., increasing or decreasing\n during term, action by general\n laws only.......................... 3 17\n Oath of office, constitutional,\n other tests prohibited............. 13 1\n Public work, limitation on days, hours\n -- 41 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n and wages............................ 1 17\n Railroad tracks, privilege of laying,\n action by general laws only.......... 3 17\n Registration of voters, certain cities\n and villages, personal application\n not required......................... 2 5\n Religious schools, aid or maintenance,\n use of public money or property\n prohibited........................... 11 3\n Religious worship, freedom, guaranty... 1 3\n Right of assembly and petition not to\n be abridged.......................... 1 9\n Roads, opening, closing, etc., action\n by general laws only................. 3 17\n Savings banks, capital stock and\n interests of directors and trustees.. 10 3\n Searches and seizures, unreasonable,\n prohibited........................... 1 12\n Self-incrimination, prohibition\n against.............................. 1 6\n Senate districts, formation............ 3 4\n State comptroller, prohibition\n against assignment of administrative\n duties, exception.................... 5 1\n State credit, prohibition against\n gifts or loans for private purposes,\n exceptions........................... 7 8\n State debts,\n Laws creating, approval of people\n required, limitations on\n submission......................... 7 11\n Manner of payment, limitations....... 7 12\n Prohibition against contracting\n except for single work or purpose.. 7 11\n Term not to exceed probable life of\n work or purpose.................... 7 12\n State departments, new, prohibition\n against.............................. 5 3\n State officers, constitutional,\n Compensation, prohibition against\n increase or decrease during term... 13 7\n Fees, prohibition against receiving.. 13 7\n State moneys, prohibition against gifts\n or loans for private purposes,\n exceptions........................... 7 8\n Street railroads, construction or\n operation, consents required......... 3 17\n Supreme court justices,\n Compensation, prohibition against\n decrease during term............... 6 25(a)\n -- 42 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Number, limitation................... 6 6(d)\n Surrogates' court, judges,\n compensation, prohibition against\n decrease during term................. 6 25(a)\n Swamp or agricultural lands, drainage,\n prohibition against special laws..... 1 7\n Swamps and low lands, draining, action\n by general laws only................. 3 17\n Taxation,\n Assessments not to exceed full\n value.............................. 16 2\n Exemptions, granting by general laws\n only............................... 16 1\n Intangible personal property,\n Excise tax, prohibition against\n levy because of ownership or\n possession....................... 16 3\n Taxing ad valorem, prohibition\n against.......................... 16 3\n Religious, education and charitable\n corporations, certain, prohibition\n against alteration or repeal of\n exemptions......................... 16 1\n Surrender or suspension of power,\n prohibition against, exception..... 16 1\n Undistributed profits, prohibition\n against taxing..................... 16 3\n Taxes, discrimination in rates or\n methods prohibited................... 16 4\n Tax laws, tax and object to be\n distinctly stated.................... 3 22\n Tax revenues, funds for stabilization,\n requirements......................... 7 17\n Telephone and telegraph communications,\n communications, unreasonable\n interceptions prohibited............. 1 12\n Trial by jury, right to remain\n inviolate............................ 1 2\n United States deposit fund, capital\n to be preserved...................... 11 3\n Vacancies in office, elective,\n limitation on duration of\n appointments......................... 13 3\n Villages,\n Incorporation, action by general\n law only........................... 3 17\n Property, affairs or government, action\n by general laws only, exceptions... 9 2(b)\n Special laws affecting, prohibition\n against, exceptions................ 9 2(b)\n -- 43 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Villages, 5,000 or more,\n Housing, indebtedness in excess of\n constitutional limitations,\n conditions for authorization....... 18 4\n Voting, designating places, action by\n general laws only.................... 3 17\n Wild life conservation and reforestation,\n prohibition against lease, sale,\n exchange or taking of lands.......... 14 3\n Witnesses, prohibition against\n unreasonable detention............... 1 5\n Rules and regulations of state\n agencies, filing and publication..... 4 8\n Rules of proceedings, each house\n to determine......................... 3 9\n Savings banks,\n Charters to be made uniform.......... 10 3\n Special charters not to be\n granted............................ 10 3\n School districts (see "School Districts").\n Schools (see "Schools").\n Senate (see also "Senate"):\n Heads of departments, appointment\n subject to advice and consent...... 5 4\n Lieutenant-governor to have only\n casting vote....................... 4 6\n Members of boards and commissions,\n appointment subject to advice and\n consent............................ 5 4\n President, lieutenent-governor to\n serve.............................. 4 6\n Senate districts (see "Senate Districts").\n Senators (see "Senators")\n Sessions,\n Annual session, time for meeting....... 13 4\n Court on the judiciary, notification\n of removal charges, legislature\n deemed to be in session............ 6 22(e)\n Extraordinary,\n Governor, power to convene........... 4 3\n Subjects recommended by governor,\n action restricted to............... 4 3\n Sinking funds (see "Sinking Funds").\n Slum clearance (see "Housing" under\n "Legislature").\n Social welfare (see Social Welfare").\n Social welfare board (see "Social Welfare\n Board").\n Speaker, assembly to choose.............. 3 9\n Special laws (see "Local Laws," "Special\n -- 44 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Laws").\n Special sessions (see Special Sessions,\n New York city" under "Duties").\n State agencies, powers and formation... 5 3\n State claims or demands, bills releasing,\n three-fifths quorum for passage........ 3 23\n State comptroller (see "State\n Comptroller").\n State debts (see also "State"),\n Approval, power to forbid further\n debt or liability.................... 7 11\n Bills creating, three-fifths quorum\n for passage.......................... 3 23\n Refunding, conditions................ 7 13\n Repeal, when allowable............... 7 11\n Single purpose or work, statement\n in law authorizing................. 7 11\n State departments (see also "State\n Departments"),\n Assignment of new powers and\n functions.......................... 5 3\n Consolidation........................ 5 3\n New departments not to be created.... 5 3\n Powers and functions, assignment\n and change......................... 5 3\n Reduction of number.................. 5 3\n State enumeration, when to be made....... 3 4\n State thruways (see "State thruway\n corporations" under Legislature. Powers").\n Statutory revision bills not subject to\n certain restrictions................... 3 21\n Subsidies for housing purposes\n (see "Housing").\n Support, certain persons,\n power to provide....................... 7 8\n Supreme court (see also "Supreme Court"\n under "Powers" and "Restrictions").\n Justices,\n Increase of number, limitation....... 6 6(d)\n Reapportionment in altered\n judicial districts................. 6 6(b)\n Removal from office for cause........ 6 23(a)\n Retirement for disability............ 6 22(a)\n Temporary, during military service\n of elected justices................ 6 20(b)(1)\n Surrogates' courts (see "Surrogates' court"\n under "Powers" and "Restrictions").\n Swamp or agricultural lands, drainage,\n authorization by general law........... 1 7\n Tax limitation on realty, detemination of\n -- 45 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n local indebtedness..................... 8 11\n Taxation (see also "Taxation and taxes"),\n Supervision, review and equalization\n of assessments...................... 16 2\n Taxes, laws imposing, continuing or\n reviving,\n Nature and object of tax to be\n distinctly stated.................. 3 22\n Prohibition against fixing tax or\n object by reference to existing\n law................................ 3 22\n Quorum, three-fifths, required\n for passage........................ 3 23\n Tax revenue stabilization fund,\n authorization........................ 7 17\n Temporary president, senate to choose.... 3 9\n Temporary state commissions(see "State\n Commissions").\n Term, legislative, commencement.......... 13 4\n Three-fifths quorum required for\n passing certain bills.................. 3 23\n Thruway corporations (see "State\n thruway corporations" under\n "Legislature Powers").\n Time of assembly each year............... 13 4\n Time to act following notification by\n court on the judiciary................. 6 22(e)\n Town courts (see "Town courts" under\n "Duties" and "Powers").\n Town officers, election.................. 2 7\n Towns (see also "Towns"),\n Creation of new, unaffected by\n restrictions on assembly districts... 3 5\n Division, unaffected by restrictions\n on assembly districts................ 3 5\n Payments to certain institutions,\n authorization........................ 8 1\n Transportation of school children........ 11 3\n Treason, pardon, commutation or\n reprieve after conviction.............. 4 4\n University of the state of New York,\n powers................................. 11 2\n Vacancy in office (see "Vacancy in\n Office").\n Village courts (see "Village courts"\n under "Duties" and "Powers").\n Villages (see "villages").\n Vote required for action,\n Majority vote, ordinary quorum,\n Assembly, power of impeachment....... 6 24\n -- 46 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Bills, generally..................... 3 14\n Constitutional amendments,\n concurrent resolutions proposing... 19 1\n Majority vote, three-fifths quorum,\n Appropriations of public money or\n property, bills making,continuing\n or reviving........................ 3 23\n Debt or charge against state, bills\n creating........................... 3 23\n Claim or demand of state, bills\n releasing, discharging or commuting 3 23\n Taxes, bills imposing, continuing or\n reviving........................... 3 23\n Two-thirds vote, ordinary quorum,\n Appropriations for local or private\n purposes........................... 3 20\n Court of appeals, judges, concurrent\n resolutions removing from office... 6 23(a)\n Court for trial of impeachments,\n conviction......................... 6 24\n Items of appropriation disapproved,\n passage over veto.................. 4 7\n Local governments, special bills\n affecting.......................... 9 2(b)\n New York city, certain bills relating\n to certain county offices.......... 13 13(c)\n Supreme court, justices, concurrent\n resolutions removing from office..... 6 23(a)\n Vetoed bills, passage on\n reconsideration.................... 4 7\n Workers' compensation, system, laws.... 1 18\n Yeas and nays to be taken on final\n passage of bills....................... 3 14,23\nLibel:\n Criminal prosecutions or indictments,\n Acquittal, when required............... 1 8\n Jury, determination of law and fact.... 1 8\n Truth may be given in evidence......... 1 8\nLiberty (see also "Rights and Privileges"):\n Conscience, not to excuse certain\n acts and practices..................... 1 3\n Freedom of speech and press guaranteed... 1 8\n Guaranty against deprivation without\n due process of law..................... 1 6\n Religious worship and belief, guaranty... 1 3\nLicentiousness:\n Liberty of conscience not to excuse\n acts of................................ 1 3\nLieutenant-Governor (see also\nLieutenant-Governor-Elect"):\n -- 47 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Absence from state, temporary\n president of senate to act 4 6\n Absence or impeachment, temporary\n president to preside 3 9\n Acting governor, when to serve........... 4 5\n Compensation............................. 4 6\n Election,\n Jointly, with governor................. 4 1\n Single vote, applicable to both\n governor and lieutenant-governor..... 4 1\n Time................................... 4 1,6\n Eligibility for office, qualifications... 4 6\n Governor,\n Duties when performed by lieutenant-\n governor............................. 4 5\n Election jointly with lieutenant-\n governor............................. 4 1\n Impeachment,\n Court for trial, not to serve as\n member............................... 6 24\n Temporary president of senate to act... 4 6\n Inability to discharge powers and duties\n of governor, temporary president of\n senate to act.......................... 4 6\n Qualifications for office,\n Age.................................... 4 2,6\n Citizenship requirement................ 4 2,6\n Residence in state..................... 4 2,6\n Senate, president, to serve,............. 4 6\n Casting vote only...................... 4 6\n Succession to office..................... 4 6\n Term of office........................... 4 1\n Vacancy in office,\n Governor and lieutenant-governor,\n temporary president of senate to act. 4 6\n Governor and lieutenant-governor,\n vacancies to be filled for\n unexpired terms...................... 4 6\n Temporary president of senate to act... 4 6\n Votes, highest number to determine\n election............................. 4 1\nLieutenant-Governor-Elect:\n Death of governor-elect prior to assuming\n office, lieutenant-governor\n elect to serve......................... 4 5\nLife:\n Guaranty against deprivation without due\n process of law 1 6\nLoans:\n Counties, money and credit for private\n -- 48 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 8 1\n Counties to villages, advancement of\n taxes,authorization 16 2\n Low rent housing, authorization.......... 18 2\n Municipal corporation, money and credit\n for private purposes prohibited,\n exceptions............................. 8 1\n Municipalities,\n Legislature's duty to restrict powers.. 9 9\n Low rent housing, authorization........ 18 2\n Savings banks and institutions, interest\n of director or trustee prohibited...... 10 3\n School district, money and credit for\n private purposes prohibited,\n exceptions............................. 8 1\n State,\n Housing,\n Conditions........................... 18 6\n Subsidies to avoid municipal default,\n prohibition against................ 18 5\n Low rent housing, authorization........ 18 2\n Money for private purposes prohibited,\n exceptions........................... 7 8\n Nursing home accommodations,\n authorization........................ 18 2\n Power to borrow money.................. 7 9\n Public housing corporation,\n liability of municipality............ 18 5\n Towns, money and credit for private\n purposes prohibited, exceptions...... 8 1\n Villages, money and credit for private\n purposes prohibited, exceptions...... 8 1\nLocal Bills (see "Bills,"\n "Local Laws," "Special Laws").\n Local Finances (see also "Municipalities"):\n General provisions relating to........... 8 1-12\nLocal Government (see also "Municipalities"\n and specific headings):\n Existing consistent laws continued....... 9 3(b)\n General provisions relating to........... 9 1-3\nLocal Laws (see also "Bills,"\n"Special Laws"):\n Adoption and amendment, power\n of local governments................... 9 1(a)\n ....................................... 2(c)\n Cases in which private or local\n bills are not authorized............... 3 17\n City of New York, abolition of certain\n county offices......................... 9 8\n Existing consistent laws, continuation... 9 13\n -- 49 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Limitation to one subject to\n be expressed in title,................. 3 15\n Statutory revision bills excepted........ 3 21\n Statutory revision bills not\n subject to certain restrictions........ 3 21\n Title, subject to be expressed........... 3 15\nLotteries:\n Authorization for operation by state..... 1 9\nLottery Tickets:\n Authorization for sale of certain........ 1 9\nLOTTO:\n Conduct authorized, subject to certain\n limitations............................ 1 9\nLOW RENT HOUSING (See "Housing").\n MAGISTRATES' COURT:\n New York city,\n Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)\n Actions and proceedings, transferred\n to city-wide court of criminal\n jurisdiction......................... 6 35(f)\n Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)\n Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)\n Judges, to be judges of city-wide\n court of criminal jurisdiction....... 6 35(d)\n Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)\n Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to\n certain courts....................... 6 35(1)\n Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)\n Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)\nMAJOR-GENERAL (see "Militia").\nMAJORITY VOTE (see "Legislature").\nMANDATES:\n Courts, service and execution............ 6 1(c)\nMANUFACTURING PLANTS:\n Rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state........ 10 7\n Loans by state, authorized............. 7 8\nMAYORS:\n New York city, mayor and local\n legislative body may request merger\n of city-wide courts of civil and\n criminal jurisdiction.................. 6 1(a)\n ....................................... 15(a)\n Special laws, requests................... 9 11,16\nMECHANIC'S LIENS:\n Jurisdiction in foreclosure,\n County courts.......................... 6 11(a)\n District courts........................ 6 16(d)\n New York city-wide court of civil\n -- 50 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n jurisdiction......................... 6 15(b)\nMENTAL DEFECTIVES:\n State to provide for care and treatment.. 17 4\nMENTAL HYGIENE, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department,\n Appointment and removal................ 5 4\n Visitation of institutions............. 17 4\n Institutions not subject to inspection\n by social welfare board................ 17 2\nMENTALLY ILL:\n Education, power of legislature to\n provide................................ 7 8\n Support, legislative power to provide.... 7 8\nMILITARY FORCES (see "Militia").\nMILITIA:\n Legislature, to provide for maintenance\n and regulation......................... 12 1\n Maintenance and regulation, legislative\n duty to provide........................ 12 1\nMINORS (see "Children").\nMISDEMEANORS:\n Prosecution by indictment, legislature\n may grant jurisdiction thereof to\n city-wide court of criminal\n jurisdiction, New York city............ 6 7(a),15(c)\nMONEY (see also "State Moneys"):\n Action for recovery thereof,\n County court, limitation............... 6 11(a)\n District court, limitation............. 6 16(d)\n New York city-wide court, civil\n jurisdiction, limitation............. 6 15(b)\n Bills appropriating, passage............. 4 7\n Location for purposes of taxation........ 16 3\n Rate of interest not to be regulated by\n private or local bill.................. 3 17\nMOTOR VEHICLES, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 4 4\nMULTIPLE DWELLINGS:\n Loans for rehabilitation................. 18 2\nMUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS (see\n "Municipalities").\nMUNICIPAL COURT:\n New York city,\n Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)\n Actions and proceedings, transferred to\n city-wide court of civil jurisdiction 6 35(e)\n Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)\n Documents, disposal thereof.......... 6 35(a)\n Judges, to be judges of city-wide court\n -- 51 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n of civil jurisdiction for remainder\n of term.............................. 6 35(c)\n Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)\n Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to\n certain courts....................... 6 35(l)\n Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)\n Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)\nMUNICIPALITIES (see also specific titles,\n "Cities," "Towns," etc.):\n Accounts, supervision by state\n comptroller............................ 5 1\n Advances by counties to towns and school\n districts.............................. 8 1\n Agencies, payments to certain private,\n authorized............................. 8 1\n Assessed valuation of real property,\n limitations based on, housing.......... 18 4\n Assessments, cities, towns and villages,\n legislative power to restrict.......... 8 12\n Assessments, state comptroller's powers.. 5 1\n Average full valuation of real property\n as basis for tax limitation............ 8 10\n Bingo may be authorized by certain....... 1 9\n Bridges, building, authorization by\n private or local bill.................. 3 17\n Bonds (see also "Indebtedness" under\n "Municipalities"),\n Amortization, payment of interest and\n principal............................ 8 2\n Ownership in private corporation\n prohibited........................... 8 1\n Pension or retirement system,\n limitation of indebtedness........... 8 5\n Redemption, appropriations............. 8 2\n Charitable institutions, payments\n authorized............................. 8 1\n Civil service, appointments and\n promotions............................. 5 6\n Compensation of public officers subject\n to taxation............................ 16 5\n Correctional institutions,\n Funds for privately operated,\n authorized........................... 8 1\n Indebtedness for maintenance and\n education of inmates................. 8 1\n Creation (see also "Organization" under\n "Municipalities"),\n Certain municipal corporations,\n restrictions.......................... 8 3\n Prohibition against special laws\n -- 52 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n inapplicable......................... 10 1\n Drainage systems,\n Common or excess, authorized........... 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2-a\n Revenues, restrictions on use.......... 8 2-a\n Election, indebtedness................... 8 1\n Eleemosynary institutions, payments to... 8 1\n Employees,\n Salaries and hours, provision.......... 9 2(c)\n Welfare and safety, provision.......... 9 2(c)\n Existing laws to continue until changed,\n exceptions............................. 9 3(b)\n Expenditures, taxes excluded from tax\n limitation of certain.................. 8 11\n Family homes, indebtedness for\n maintenance and education.............. 8 1\n Finance (see "Indebtedness" under\n "Municipalities").\n Firefighters, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 8 1\n Forest lands, construction etc.,\n of reservoirs.......................... 14 2\n Gift of money or credit for private\n purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 8 1\n Grade crossing elimination,\n liability for proportion............... 7 14\n Health service for children,\n authorization.......................... 8 1\n Housing (see also "Housing"),\n Corporations, indebtedness, guaranty\n of payment, authorization............ 18 2\n Loans for rehabilitation............... 18 2\n Multiple dwellings, owners of\n existing, loans prohibited........... 18 10\n Indebtedness,\n Action to compel setting apart funds\n for payment.......................... 8 2\n Advances to towns and school districts\n by counties for unpaid taxes......... 8 1\n Amount, determination.................. 8 4\n Appropriation for payment.............. 8 2\n Children, education and care\n authorized........................... 8 1\n County within or co-terminous\n with city............................ 8 9\n Creation of debt by public\n corporations, consent required....... 8 3\n Drainage purposes, exclusion\n from limitation...................... 8 2-a\n -- 53 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n ..................................... 8 5-7a\n Exclusions from debt limitation........ 18 4,5\n Exclusions from tax limitation......... 8 11\n Family homes, maintenance\n and education........................ 8 1\n Fiscal officer, setting apart\n money for payment.................... 8 2\n Housing (see "Housing").\n Legislature may limit power of levying\n taxes or incurring indebtedness...... 8 12\n Limitations............................ 8 2,4\n Loans by state to public housing\n corporations, liability.............. 18 5\n City, exclusion of liability\n from debt limit.................... 18 5\n Mental defectives, care authorized..... 17 4\n Needy, care authorized................. 8 1\n New York city (see "New York City").\n Payment, provisions, exception......... 8 2\n Pension and retirement systems,\n exclusion from limitation............ 8 5\n Period for which contracted\n or refunded.......................... 8 2\n Pledge of faith and credit for\n payment,............................. 8 2\n Housing projects..................... 18 4\n Power to contract,\n Counties, where power ceases......... 8 9\n Limitations and restrictions......... 8 1-12\n ................................... 8 3-7a,\n Manner of ascertainment.............. 9,12\n Prior indebtedness not affected\n by constitutional limitations........ 8 8\n Public corporations.................... 8 3\n Public improvements and services,\n exclusion from debt limitation,\n Amount, methods of determination..... 8 5\n Annual net revenue, condition,\n determination...................... 8 5\n Average net revenue, power of\n legislature........................ 8 5\n Conditions, limitations and\n restrictions....................... 8 5\n Drainage purposes, exclusion\n from limitation.................... 8 2-a\n Excess revenues, use................. 8 5\n Existing exclusions unaffected....... 8 5\n First year of operation.............. 8 5\n Legislature, powers.................. 8 5\n Net revenue, methods\n -- 54 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n of determination................... 8 5\n Other exclusions granted by\n constitution unaffected............ 8 5\n Revenues, application and use........ 8 5\n Sewage purposes, exclusion\n from limitation.................... 8 2-a,5\n State comptroller to make\n determination, legislature\n may provide........................ 8 2-a,5\n Supreme court, jurisdiction to\n determine amount, power to confer.. 8 5\n Purposes for which contracted.......... 8 2\n Refunding, conditions.................. 8 2\n Sewage purposes, exclusion\n from limitation...................... 8 2-a\n Short term certificates,\n exclusion from debt limitations...... 8 5\n Tax limitation on real property........ 8 10-12\n Validity of certain not affected....... 8 8\n Void when contracted in excess\n of limitations, exceptions........... 8 4\n Water supply, exclusion from limitation 8 5\n Institutions, payment to certain,\n authorized........................... 8 1\n Joint municipal facilities or services,\n Municipalities may join\n together to provide.................. 8 1\n Indebtedness, joint or several,\n may be contracted therefor........... 8 1\n Taxes and charges may be imposed\n therefor............................. 8 1\n Laws relating to government, reservation\n of legislative power................. 9 2(c)\n Loans,\n Credit, legislature to restrict powers. 8 12\n Multiple dwellings, low rent projects,\n public corporations.................. 18 2\n Nursing homes, accommodations\n for persons of low income............ 18 2\n State,\n Housing project, subsidy to\n avoid default prohibited........... 18 5\n Public housing corporation,\n liability.......................... 18 5\n Lotto may be authorized by certain....... 1 9\nMunicipal public utility services\n (see also "Public improvements and\n services" under "Municipalities"):\n Fair returns on property used.......... 3 18\n General municipal purposes,\n -- 55 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n use of profits....................... 3 18\n Operating costs and reserves,\n earnings above not prohibited........ 3 18\n Operation, certain restrictions on\n legislative power.................... 3 18\n Refund to consumers, use of profits.... 3 18\n Revenues and profits, use not\n subject to certain legislative\n restrictions....................... 3 18\n Taxes, amounts equivalent to,\n right to earn........................ 3 18\n Nursing homes, loans to corporations\n authorized............................. 18 2\n Officers (See also "Public Officers"),\n Election when no constitutional\n provision............................ 9 1(b)\n Extra compensation prohibited..........\n Legislative power...................... 8 12\n Organization (see also "Creation"\n under "Municipalities"),\n Cities, provision...................... 9 2(a)\n Counties, provision.................... 9 2(a)\n Towns, provision....................... 9 2(a)\n Villages, provision.................... 9 2(a)\n Orphan asylums, payments to.............. 8 1\n Pensions not subject to taxation......... 16 5\n Pension and retirement systems, debts\n excluded in computing limitation....... 8 5\n Pledge of faith and credit,\n Low rent housing projects.............. 18 4\n Payment of indebtedness,............... 8 2\n Public corporations.................. 8 3\n Police officers, retired, pensions may be\n increased.............................. 8 1\n Prison labor, may benefit from work done\n by or receive products of ............. 3 24\n Private corporations or associations,\n ownership of stocks or bonds prohibited 8 1\n Public corporations (see also "Public\n Corporations"),\n Acquisition of properties and payment\n of indebtedness...................... 10 5\n Creation, consent required........... 8 3\n Inclusion in debt limitation......... 8 3\n Liability for obligations prohibited... 10 5\n Public health, protection, provision..... 17 3\n Public improvements and services (see\n also "Municipal public utility\n services" under "Municipality"),\n Exclusion from debt limitation......... 8 2-a, 5\n -- 56 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Expenditures, certain, exclusion from\n tax limitation of certain............ 8 11\n Revenues of certain, application and\n use,................................. 8 10-a\n Water supply, restrictions\n inapplicable to...................... 8 10-a\n Public work, employees................... 1 17\n ....................................... 9 2(c)\n Railroad crossing elimination, liability\n for expense............................ 7 14\n Reformatories, payments to............... 8 1\n Refunding indebtedness, conditions....... 8 2\n Reservoirs, cost of operation and\n improvements, how apportioned.......... 14 2\n Retirement system, debts excluded in\n computing limitation................... 8 5\n Revenue producing services............... 8 5, 10-a\n School district, advances by county for\n unpaid taxes........................... 8 1\n Sewage systems,\n Common or excess, authorized........... 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2-a\n Revenues, restrictions on use.......... 8 2-a\n Social welfare, provision................ 17 1\n State social welfare board,\n Inspection of institution, agency or\n home................................. 8 1\n Visitation of institution.............. 17 2\n Stock, ownership in private corporations\n prohibited............................. 8 1\n Taxes and assessments,\n Appropriations for redemption of\n certain evidence of indebtedness..... 8 2\n Average assessed valuation, manner of\n determining for debt limit purposes.. 8 4\n Average full valuation, manner of\n determining for tax limit purposes... 8 10\n Cities, counties, towns and villages,\n legislature to restrict powers....... 8 12\n Education purposes, exclusion from tax\n limit of certain..................... 8 10\n Expenditures, certain, exclusion from\n tax limitation....................... 8 11\n Limitation of power.................... 8 12\n Public corporations, certain, consent\n to contract indebtedness............. 8 3\n Real property, power to levy,\n limitations, exclusions.............. 8 3,\n ................................... 10-12\n -- 57 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Redevelopment projects................. 16 6\n State comptroller's powers............. 5 1\n Towns, advances by county for unpaid\n taxes................................ 8 1\n Water supply,\n Common, authorized................... 8 2-a\n Excess, authorized..................... 8 2-a\n Indebtedness, exclusion from debt\n limitation........................... 8 2-a, 5\n Revenues, restrictions on use\n inapplicable......................... 8 10-a\nNAMES OF PERSONS:\n Change by private or local bill\n prohibited............................. 3 17\nNassau County:\n District court, continued................ 6 16(a)\n Indebtedness, limitation, exceptions..... 8 4\nNational Guard (see "Militia").\n Naval Forces (see also "Militia"):\n Governor to be commander-in-chief........ 4 3\nNavigation:\n Voting residence of persons engaged in... 2 4\nNeedy (see also "Social Welfare"):\n ......................................... 7 8\n Aid, care and support.................... 8 1\n ...................................... 17 1\nNeglected Children (see also "Children"):\n Aid and support, power to provide........ 7 8\n Family court, jurisdiction............... 6 13(b)(1)\n State board of social welfare, visitation\n of institutions........................ 17 2\nNew Trial:\n Appeal from order of appellate division\n granting............................... 6 3(b)(3)\n Appellate court may grant................ 6 5(a)\nNew York Authority, Port of (see "Port of\nNew York Authority")\nNew York City (see also "Cities"):\n Acquisition of land for docks, financing. 8 2\n Appointment and removal of county clerks. 13 13(a)\n Appointment or election of county\n officers when not provided by\n constitution........................... 13 13(c)\n Bonds,\n Debts excluded in computing limitation. 8 5, 7\n ..................................... 7a\n Financing.............................. 8 2\n Capital improvements, exclusion from tax\n limitation............................. 8 11\n Certificates of indebtedness, debts\n -- 58 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n excluded from limitation............... 8 5, 7,\n ....................................... 7a\n City-wide courts (see "City-Wide Courts,\n New York City").\n Council thereof, to have powers of local\n legislative body..................... 9 2(e)\n Counties in city,\n Abolition of certain offices and\n assignment of functions.............. 13 13(c)\n District attorney, election and removal 13 13(a)\n Election or appointment of officers\n not provided by constitution......... 13 13(c)\n Elective officers to continue in office 13 13(c)\n Existing laws to continue.............. 13 13(c)\n Legislative power over................. 13 13(c)\n Real estate, limitation of taxes....... 8 10\n Taxes on real estate, limitation....... 8 10\n County clerks (see also "County Clerks"),\n Appointment and removal................ 13 13(a)\n Assignment of duties to city officers.. 13 13(c)\n County courts (see specific counties).\n County offices,\n Abolition of certain, assignment of\n duties to city officers.............. 13 13(c)\n Elections.............................. 13 8\n Term of office of certain.............. 13 13(c)\n Court of general sessions\n (see "General Sessions").\n District attorney (see also "District\n Attorney),\n Election and removal................... 13 13(a)\n Term of office......................... 13 13(c)\n Docks,\n Debts excluded from limitation......... 8 7\n Financing by bonds..................... 8 2\n Domestic relations court(see "Domestic\n Relations Court").\n Election or appointment of county officers\n when not provided by constitution...... 13 13(c)\n Fiscal officer, exclusion of certain\n indebtedness from tax limitation....... 8 11\n General sessions (see "General Sessions").\n Grade crossing elimination, amount of\n state money to be segregated........... 7 14\n Hospitals, indebtedness, amount excluded\n in computing limitation................ 8 7\n Improvements, certain, debts excluded\n from limitation ....................... 8 7\n Indebtedness,\n Contribution to sinking fund for\n -- 59 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n payment.............................. 8 2\n Debts excluded from limitation......... 8 5,7,\n ..................................... 7a\n Financing by bonds..................... 8 2\n Limitation............................. 8 4\n Payment for certain improvements....... 8 2\n Installments, payment of\n indebtedness........................... 8 2\n Legislature,\n County officers or clerks, passage of\n laws affecting....................... 13 13(c)\n Message from governor required on laws\n affecting certain county officers.... 13 13(c)\n Two-thirds vote required on laws\n affecting certain county officers.... 13 13(c)\n Local laws, abolition of certain\n county officers........................ 13 13(c)\n Magistrate's court (see "Magistrate's\n Court").\n Pensions, benefits, increase\n authorized for dependents of certain\n employees............................ 8 1\n Railroads,\n Debts excluded in computing limitation. 8 7,7a\n Financing by bonds..................... 8 2\n Grade crossing elimination, amount\n of state money to be segregated...... 7 14\n Rapid Transit (see "Railroads under\n "New York City").\n Schools, certain debts excluded\n from limitation........................ 8 7\n Sheriffs (see "Sheriffs").\n Special sessions (see "Courts Of Special\n Sessions")\n Subways, debts excluded in computing\n limitation............................. 8 7,7a\n Supreme Court (see "Supreme Court").\n Taxes,\n Limitation on annual, on real estate... 8 10\n Real estate, annual, limitation........ 8 10\n Valuation affecting limitation of\n indebtedness......................... 8 7\n Valuation limiting indebtedness........ 8 4\n Water supply, financing by bonds......... 8 2\nNEW YORK Colony:\n Common law, acts and resolutions\n constituting law of state.............. 1 14\nNEW YORK COUNTY:\n Court of general sessions,\n Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)\n -- 60 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Actions and proceedings, transferred\n to supreme court..................... 6 35(b)\n Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)\n Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)\n Court of general sessions-(Concluded)\n Judges, to be justices of supreme court\n for remainder of term................ 6 35(b)\n Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)\n Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to\n certain courts....................... 6 35(l)\n Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)\n Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)\nNEW YORK PORT AUTHORITY (see "Port of New\n York Authority").\nNEW YORK STATE BAR ASSOCIATION:\n Court on the judiciary, request by\n majority of executive committee to\n convene.............................. 6 22(d)\nNON-JUDICIAL PERSONNEL:\n Abolished courts, assignment thereof..... 6 35(l)\nNON-PROFIT CORPORATIONS:\n Tax exemption not to be altered\n or repealed............................ 16 1\nNON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS:\n Bingo or lotto, conducted by certain,\n authorized............................. 1 9\nNURSING HOMES:\n Accommodations for persons of low income,\n legislature may provide............... 18 1\n Contracts,\n State subsidies, legislature\n may provide.......................... 18 2\n Subsidies to corporations authorized... 18 2\n Loans, authorization..................... 18 2\n Subsidies, legislature may provide....... 18 2\nOATH OR AFFIRMATION:\n Court for trial of impeachments, members\n to take................................ 6 24\n Public officers to take.................. 13 1\n Search and seizures,\n Telephone and telegraph communications,\n warrant for interception to be\n supported............................ 1 12\n Warrant to be supported................ 1 12\nOBLIGATION OF DEBT:\n Preservation............................. 1 15\nOFFENSES:\n Certain, jurisdiction of family court.... 6 13(b)(7)\nOFFICE:\n -- 61 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Duration, not provided by constitution... 13 2\nOFFICERS (see "Public Officers").\nOLD AGE:\n Legislature, power to provide protection\n against hazards........................ 7 8\nONEIDA COUNTY:\n Special county judge, office abolished,\n judge to be judge of family court for\n remainder of term.................... 6 35(g)\nOPINIONS:\n Attorney general, constitutional\n amendment.............................. 19 1\nORDERS:\n Habeas Corpus............................ 1 3\n Interception of telephone and\n telegraph communications, conditions\n for issuance........................... 1 12\nORGANIZATION:\n Labor, right............................. 1 17\nORPHAN ASYLUM (see also"Charitable\n Institutions").\n Municipalities, authorization of\n indebtedness........................... 8 1\nOSWEGO CANAL (see also "Canal"):\n Disposition, prohibition against......... 15 1\n Exceptions............................... 15 2\n PAPERS:\n Abolished courts, to be deposited with\n clerk of county in which courts are\n located................................ 6 35(a)\nPARDONS:\n Communications of each case\n to legislature by governor............. 4 4\n Governor, power to grant, exceptions..... 4 4\n Treason, power of legislature\n to grant after conviction.............. 4 4\nPARENT AND CHILD (see "Children").\nPARI-MUTUEL BETTING:\n Horse races, authorization............... 1 9\n Revenue, derivation...................... 1 9\nPARKS:\n Condemnation of property, excess taking.. 1 7\nPARKWAYS (see "Highways").\nPAROLE:\n Children, religious persuasion\n to control............................. 6 32\n Legislature to provide system............ 17 5\nPASSENGERS, RAILROAD (see "Port of New York\n Authority").\nPATERNITY:\n -- 62 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Establishment, jurisdiction of\n family court........................... 6 13(b)(5)\nPEACEMAKER COURTS:\n Continued................................ 6 32\n Judiciary article inapplicable........... 6 32\nPENITENTIARIES (see "Correctional\n Institutions," "Prisons," "Reformatories").\nPENSIONS AND RETIREMENT SYSTEMS:\n Benefits not to be\n diminished or impaired................. 5 7\n Cities, local laws, amendment or\n repeal................................. 9 1(a)\n ....................................... 2(c)\n Schools, legislative power over........ 9 3(c)\n Pensions of retired police officers\n and firefighters, may be increased... 8 1\n Police officers and firefighters,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Firefighters and police officers,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Counties,\n Pensions of retired police officers\n and firefighters may be increased.... 8 1\n Police officers and firefighters,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Firefighters and police officers,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Municipalities,\n Debts excluded in computing limitation. 8 5\n Retired police officers and fire\n fighters, pensions may be increased.. 8 1\n Pensions may be increased................ 7 8\n Police officers and fire fighters,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n State employees, exemption from taxation. 16 5\n Teachers retirement system,\n Pensions payable to widow, widower\n or beneficiary of retired member\n may be increased..................... 7 8\n Towns,\n Pensions of retired police officers and\n firefighters, may be increased....... 8 1\n Police officers and firefighters,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Firefighters and police officers,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Villages,\n Pensions of retired police officers and\n firefighters, may be increased....... 8 1\n Police officers and firefighters,\n -- 63 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\n Firefighters and police officers,\n retired, pensions may be increased... 8 1\nPEOPLE (see also "Persons," "Rights and\nPrivileges"):\n Definition, local government............. 9 3(c)\nPERMANENT REGISTRATION (see also "Elections"):\n Systems, authority to enact laws......... 2 6\nPERQUISITES OF OFFICE:\n Constitutional officers, prohibition\n against receiving...................... 13 7\nPERSONAL INJURIES:\n Damages, amount not to be limited\n in case of death....................... 1 16\n Right of action not to be abrogated in\n case of death.......................... 1 16\nPERSONAL PROPERTY (see also "Property"):\n Liens, jurisdiction to foreclose,\n County courts.......................... 6 11(a)\n District courts........................ 6 16(d)\n New York city-wide court\n of civil jurisdiction.................. 6 15(b)\n Taxation,\n Excise tax prohibited, exception....... 16 3\n Intangibles not taxed ad valorem....... 16 3\n Place where deemed located............. 16 3\nPERSONNEL:\n Non-judicial, abolished courts,\n assignment thereof..................... 6 35(1)\nPERSONS (see also "People," "Rights and\n Privileges"):\n Due process, deprivation of life, liberty\n or property prohibited................. 1 6\n Exclusive privilege, immunity or\n franchise by private or local bill\n prohibited............................. 3 17\n Laying railroad tracks, privilege\n by private orlocal bill prohibited..... 3 17\n Name, change, private or\n local bill prohibited.................. 3 17\n Searches and seizures, protection against\n unreasonable........................... 1 12\nPETE GAY MOUNTAIN:\n Forest preserve, construction of certain\n ski trails authorized.................. 14 1\nPETIT JURY (see "Jury"):\nPETIT LARCENY:\n Indictment by grand jury unnecessary..... 1 6\nPETITION:\n -- 64 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Right guaranteed......................... 1 9\nPHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED:\n Education and support,\n legislature to provide................. 7 8\nPLACES OF VOTING:\n Designation by private or local\n bill prohibited........................ 3 17\nPOLICE OFFICERS, RETIRED:\n Pensions, right of municipalities\n to increase............................ 8 1\nPOLITICAL PARTIES (see also "Elections"):\n Party positions, primary elections\n may be waived in certain cases......... 1 1\n Sex, rules may provide for equal\n representation on committes............ 13 1\nPOLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS (see also "Cities, "\n "Counties," "Municipalities,"etc):\n Accounts, supervision by comptroller..... 5 1\n Health, protection and promotion......... 17 3\n Needy, aid, care and support............. 17 1\n Officers and employees, salaries\n subject to taxation.................... 16 5\n Pensions, exemption from taxation........ 16 5\n Schools, denominational, religious,\n state aid prohibited................... 11 3\nPOLITICAL YEAR:\n Commencement............................. 13 4\nPOOL-SELLING (see also "Gambling"):\n Prohibition against authorization........ 1 9\nPOOR (see also "Social Welfare"):\n Municipalities, authorization of\n indebtedness to support................ 8 1\n Legislature, power to provide............ 7 8\nPOPULATION (see "Federal Census"):\nPort of New York Authority:\n Railroad passenger facilities,\n Lease of, to railroads................. 10 7\n Liabilty of state for obligations\n issued to purchase................... 10 7\n Obligations for certain, guaranty\n by state............................. 10 7\n Purchase and lease, authority.......... 10 7\n State, liability for certain\n obligations.......................... 10 7\nPRACTICE AND PROCEDURE:\n Legislature, may delegate power to\n regulate............................... 6 30\nPREAMBLE OF CONSTITUTION................... Page 12\nPREFERENCE:\n Housing, occupancy of low rent projects,\n -- 65 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n restrictions........................... 18 6\n Religious worship, prohibition against... 1 3\nPRESIDENT OF SENATE:\n Absence or impeachment of lieutenant-\n governor, temporary president to\n discharge duties of office............. 4 6\n Court for trial of impeachments,\n member................................. 6 24\n Lieutenant-governor acting as\n governor, temporary president to\n discharge duties of office............. 4 6\n Lietenant-governor to be................. 4 6\n Notification of removal charges before\n court on the judiciary................. 6 22(e)\nPRESS:\n Freedom guaranteed....................... 1 8\nPREVAILING RATE OF WAGE\n(see "Public Work").\nPRINTING:\n Bills, requirement....................... 3 14\nPRISONS (see also "Correctional\n Institutions," "Reformatories"):\n Labor,\n Contract system abolished and\n prohibited........................... 3 24\n Political subdivisions may benefit\n from work done or products........... 3 24\n Products or profits not to benefit any\n person or corporation................ 3 24\n Public institutions may benefit from\n work done or products................ 3 24\n State may benefit from work done or\n products............................. 3 24\n Legislature to provide for support and\n maintenance............................ 17 5\n Occupation and employment of prisoners... 3 24\n Voting residence unaffected while\n confined............................... 2 4\nPRIVATE AND LOCAL BILLS (see "Bills,"\n "Local Laws," "Special Laws").\nPRIVATE PROPERTY (see "Property").\nPRIVATE ROADS:\n Benefits, payment........................ 1 7\n Opening, jury to determine necessity and\n amount of damage....................... 1 7\nPRIVILEGES (see "Rights and Privileges").\nPROBABLE CAUSE:\n Warrents for search and seizure.......... 1 12\nPROBATE OF WILLS:\n -- 66 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Surrogate's court, jurisdiction.......... 6 12(d)\nPROBATION:\n Legislature to provide system............ 17 5\nPROCESSES:\n Courts, service and execution............ 6 1(c)\nPRODUCE:\n Offices for weighing, etc., abolished.... 5 5\nPROFITS:\n Housing; loans to certain corporations... 18 2\n Non--profit organizations, alteration or\n repeal of tax exemptions prohibited.... 16 1\n Savings banks; trustees to have no\n interest in profits of corporation..... 10 3\n Undistributed, taxation prohibited....... 16 3\nPROPERTY (see also "Lands"):\n Condemnation for public use.............. 1 7\n Due process, deprivation prohibited...... 1 6\n Exemption from taxation by private or\n local bill prohibited.................. 3 17\n Private property, compensation when taken\n for public use......................... 1 7\n Real property, comptroller's powers\n respecting assessment and taxation..... 5 1\nPROSECUTION:\n Capital or infamous crimes, by indictment\n of grand jury, exceptions.............. 1 6\nPUBLIC AGENCIES (see "Public\n Corporations").\nPUBLIC AUTHORITIES (see "Public Corporations").\nPUBLIC CORPORATIONS (see also specific titles,\n "Cities," "Towns," etc.):\n Accounts subject to supervision.......... 10 5\n Bridges, building, authorization by\n private or local bill.................. 3 17\n Comptroller to supervise accounts........ 10 5\n Creation,\n Prohibition against certain, exception. 8 3\n Special act only, exceptions........... 10 5\n Drainage systems, excess or common,\n authorization.......................... 8 2-a\n Municipalities may contract\n indebtedness........................... 8 2-a\n Employment,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state........ 10 7\n Loans by state, unauthorized........... 7 8\n Housing,\n Acquisition of property................ 18 9\n Definition............................. 18 2\n Eminent domain authorized.............. 18 2,9\n Excess property, acquisition and use... 18 3\n -- 67 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Indebtedness, liability, how computed,. 18 7\n Payment, guaranty by muncipality..... 18 2\n Loans authorized,...................... 18 2\n Municipal liability for repayment\n to state............................. 18 5\n Subsidies authorized................... 18 2\n Subsidy to avoid default on state loan\n prohibited........................... 18 5\n Indebtedness,\n Payment by state or political\n subdivision............................ 10 5\n Restrictions on power to contract...... 8 3\n Industrial plants, rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state........ 10 7\n Loans by state, authorized............. 7 8\n Manufacturing plants, rehabilitation,\n Indebtedness, guaranty by state........ 10 7\n Loans by state, authorized............. 7 8\n Obligations,\n Liability of state or political\n subdivisions prohibited, exception..... 10 5,6\n Powers when created pursuant to\n interstate compact..................... 10 5\n Powers to be limited, exceptions......... 10 5\n Property, acquisition by state or\n political subdivisions................. 10 5\n Sewage systems, excess or common,\n authorization.......................... 8 2-a\n Municipalities may contract\n indebtedness........................... 8 2-a\n Special act for creation, exceptions..... 10 5\n Thruways,\n Bonds, liability of state.............. 10 6\n Canal lands, use....................... 10 6\n Obligations, liability of state........ 10 6\n Water supply, excess or common,\n authorization.......................... 8 2-a\n Municipalities may contract\n indebtedness........................... 8 2-a\nPUBLIC HEALTH (see "Health and Safety").\nPUBLIC HOUSING (see "Housing").\nPUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS (see "Improvements,"\n "Municipalities").\nPUBLIC INSTITUTIONS:\n Prison labor, may receive work\n done or products....................... 3 24\n Visitation and inspection................ 17 2-6\n Voting residence unaffected while\n confined at certain.................... 2 4\nPUBLIC OFFICE:\n -- 68 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Disqualification of certain judges and\n justices from holding other............ 6 20(b)(1)\n Duration when not otherwise provided..... 13 2\n Duties, succession during certain\n emergencies, legislature to provide.... 3 25\n Forfeiture,\n Refusal to sign waiver of immunity in\n certain cases........................ 1 6\n Refusal to testify concerning conduct.. 1 6\n Impeachment,\n Removal from office and\n disqualification..................... 6 24\n Inquiry into conduct by grand jury....... 1 6\n Judges, removal by court on the\n judiciary, disqualification............ 6 22(c)\n Powers, succession during certain\n emergencies, legislature to provide.... 3 25\n Primary elections, waiver authorized in\n certain cases.......................... 1 1\n Refusal of public officers to testify or\n waive immunity, disqualification from\n holding other public office or\n employment............................. 1 6\n Succession to powers and duties, periods\n of certain emergencies, legislature to\n provide................................ 3 25\nPUBLIC OFFICERS (see also specific\n officers):\n Assembly members, extra compensation\n prohibited............................. 3 6\n Attorney general to institute suit for\n forfeiture of office................... 1 6\n Bribery, expense of investigation or\n prosecution state charge............... 13 13(b)\n Compensation (see also "Compensation"),\n Change during term prohibited.......... 13 7\n Constitutional officers................ 13 7\n Taxation, subject to................... 16 5\n Constitutional provisions relating to.... 13 1-7\n Duration of office when not provided by\n constitution........................... 13 2\n Election, certain........................ 13 8\n Fees,\n Constitutional officer................. 13 7\n Increase or decrease during term by\n private or local bill prohibited..... 3 17\n Forfeiture of office..................... 1 6\n Immunity, penalty for failure to sign\n waiver................................. 1 6\n Impeachment, majority vote required,..... 6 24\n -- 69 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Liability to indictment and punishment\n unaffected........................... 6 24\n Indictment or information, power of\n grand juries........................... 1 6\n Legislature, members ineligible for\n certain other public offices........... 3 7\n Limitation upon test..................... 13 1\n Local, method of selection when not\n otherwise provided..................... 9 1(b)\n Member of legislature, extra\n compensation prohibited................ 3 6\n Misconduct in office, power of grand\n Jury not to be impaired................ 1 6\n Oath of office........................... 13 1\n Pension or retirement systems, benefits\n not to be diminished................... 5 7\n Pensions not subject to taxation......... 16 5\n Power of grand jury to investigate not\n subject to suspension or impairment.... 1 6\n Proceedings involving, appeals to court\n of appeals............................. 6 3(b)(5)\n Refusal to testify or waive immunity,\n disqualification from holding other\n public office or employment............ 1 6\n Removal from office (see also "Removal\n from Office"),\n Failure to sign waiver of immunity\n in certain cases..................... 1 6\n Failure to testify before grand jury\n concerning official duties........... 1 6\n Misconduct or malversation, vacancies.. 13 5\n Salaries (see "Compensation" under\n "Public Officers").\n Senators, extra compensation prohibited.. 3 6\n Sex, equal representation on committees\n of political parties................... 13 1\n State officers (see also specific state\n officers),\n General provisions..................... 5 1-7\n Legislature of assign functions........ 5 3\n Rules and regulations, filing and\n publication.......................... 4 8\n Term of office, duration when not\n provided by constitution............. 13 2\n Vacancies in office,................... 13 6\n Declaration when not provided by\n constitution....................... 13 6\n Filling................................ 13 3,5\nPUBLIC SAFETY:\n -- 70 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n Suspension of writ of habeas corpus...... 1 4\nPUBLIC SCHOOLS (see "Schools").\nPUBLIC SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\nPUBLIC USE (see "Eminent Domain," "Lands,"\n"Property").\nPUBLIC UTILITIES (see also\n"Municipalities"):\n Municipal operation, profits,\n restriction on legislative power....... 3 18\nPUBLIC WELFARE (see "Social Welfare").\nPUBLIC WORK:\n Collective bargaining.................... 1 17\n Days of labor, limitation, exception..... 1 17\n Employees, rights generally, legislative\n power.................................. 9 2(c)\n ....................................... 13 14\n Hours of labor, limitation, exception.... 1 17\n Wages, prevailing rate to be paid........ 1 17\nPUBLIC WORKS, DEPARTMENT OF:\n Head of department, appointment and\n removal................................ 5 4\nPUBLICATION:\n Legislature, journal of proceedings...... 3 10\n Rules and regulations of state\n departments and officers............... 4 8\nPUNISHMENTS:\n Cruel and unusual, prohibition against... 1 5\nPUPILS (see "Schools").\nQUEENS COUNTY:\n County court,\n Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)\n Actions and proceedings, transferred\n to supreme court..................... 6 35(b)\n Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)\n Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)\n Judges, to be justices of supreme\n court for remainder of term.......... 6 6(d),35(b)\n Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)\n Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to\n certain courts....................... 6 35(l)\n Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)\n Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)\nQUORUM:\n Constitutional convention................ 19 2\n Court of appeals......................... 6 2(a)\n Legislature,\n Majority of each house to constitute... 3 9\n Three-fifths required for passing\n -- 71 --\n INDEX\n Art. Sec.\n certain bills........................ 3 23\n Supreme Court,\n Appellate division..................... 6 4(b)\n Appellate term......................... 6 8(c)\n Discrimination in civil rights\n prohibited........................... 1 11\n -- 72 --\n