§ 17:3394 — Disciplinary proceedings

§3394. Disciplinary proceedings
A. Each public postsecondary education management board shall adopt a policy
relative to disciplinary proceedings, right to counsel for students and student organizations,
and appeals. Each postsecondary institution governed by such a board shall also adopt a
policy and incorporate it into its student handbook or code of conduct.
B. Any student enrolled at an institution under the jurisdiction of the management
board and accused of a violation of the disciplinary or conduct rules that carries a potential
penalty of suspension of ten or more days, deferred suspension, or expulsion has the right to
be represented, at the student's expense, by an attorney or a non-attorney advocate who may
fully participate during any disciplinary proceeding or during any other procedure adopted
and used by that institution to address an alleged violation of the institution's nonacademic
rules or policies. This right applies to both the student who has been accused of the violation
and the student who is the alleged victim, if applicable. Prior to scheduling a disciplinary
proceeding, the institution shall inform the students in writing of their rights as provided by
this Section.
C. Any student organization officially recognized by an institution under the
jurisdiction of the management board has the right to be represented, at the organization's
expense, by an attorney or a non-attorney advocate who may fully participate during any
disciplinary proceeding or during any other procedure adopted and used by the institution to
address an alleged violation of the institution's nonacademic rules or policies. This right
applies to both the student organization that has been accused of the alleged violation and
the alleged victim, if applicable.
D. A student or student organization subject to a charge or disciplinary proceeding
by the institution is entitled, upon receiving notice of the charge, to notice of any and all
violations of the institution's nonacademic rules or policies and the disciplinary proceedings
or charges that will occur as a result. This notice shall include but need not be limited to
each and every section of the institution's rules or policies that the student or student
organization is alleged to have violated and any evidence the institution used and collected
in making the charge.
E. When a violation is punishable by suspension of ten or more days or expulsion,
or when a violation by a student organization is punishable by suspension or removal of the
organization from the institution, the disciplinary procedures contained in the code of student
conduct shall include but need not be limited to the following:
(1) Afford the accused student or organization the express presumption of innocence
and set forth that the student or the organization may not be deemed guilty of the violation
until the student or the organization formally acknowledges responsibility or the conclusion
of a hearing where the institution has proven every element of the violation necessary to
constitute guilt by clear and convincing evidence. The standard of establishing guilt through
clear and convincing evidence shall not alter the burden of proof in hearings held pursuant
to Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 or R.S. 17:3399.11 et seq.
(2) Require the institution to maintain an administrative file of the disciplinary
proceedings. The file shall include all documents and evidence in the institution's possession
or control relevant to the alleged violation and the institution's investigation including but
not limited to exculpatory evidence, documents submitted by any participant, and the
institution's choice of a video recording, audio recording, or transcript of any disciplinary
hearing ultimately held in the matter. The file shall not include privileged documents or
internal memorandums that the institution does not intend to introduce as evidence at any
hearing on the matter.
(3) Provide both the accused student or organization and the alleged victim
reasonable continuing access to the administrative file and the ability to make copies of all
evidence or documents in the file beginning at least seven business days prior to any
disciplinary hearing, or sooner if otherwise specified under federal law, except that individual
portions of the administrative file shall be redacted if disclosure of the evidence is required
by law.
(4) Ensure that all disciplinary proceedings are carried out free from conflicts of
interest by ensuring that there is no commingling of administrative or adjudicative roles. For
purposes of this Paragraph, an institution shall be considered to commingle such roles if any
individual carries out more than one of the following roles with respect to any disciplinary
proceeding:
(a) Victim counselor and victim advocate.
(b) Investigator.
(c) Institutional prosecutor.
(d) Adjudicator.
(e) Appellate adjudicator.
F.(1) Any student or student organization that is found to be in violation of the
institution's nonacademic rules or policies shall be afforded an opportunity to appeal the
institution's initial decision to an appellate entity that is an institutional administrator or body
that did not make the initial decision. Such an appeal shall be filed within ten days after
receiving final notice of the institution's decision. The right to appeal the result of the
institution's disciplinary proceeding also applies to the student who is the alleged victim, if
applicable. The institution may designate the appellate entity as the final institutional
authority on the matter; however, nothing in this Section shall preclude a court from granting
a prevailing plaintiff equitable relief.
(2) The right of the student or student organization as provided in Subsections A and
B of this Section to be represented, at the student's or the organization's expense, by the
student's or the organization's attorney or non-attorney advocate also applies to the appeal.
(3) The issues that may be raised on appeal include new evidence, contradictory
evidence, and evidence that the student or student organization was not afforded due process.
The institutional body considering the appeal may consider police reports, transcripts, and
the outcome of any civil or criminal proceeding directly related to the appeal.
G. Upon consideration of the evidence, the institutional body considering the appeal
may grant the appeal, deny the appeal, order a new hearing, or reduce or modify the
punishment. If the appeal results in the reversal of the decision or a lessening of the sanction,
the institution shall reimburse the student for any tuition and fees paid for the period of
suspension, including a deferred suspension, or expulsion which had not been previously
refunded, if applicable.
H. For purposes of this Section, "fully participate" includes the opportunity to make
opening and closing statements, to examine and cross-examine witnesses, and to provide the
alleged victim or accused with support, guidance, and advice. This Section does not require
an institution to use formal rules of evidence in institutional disciplinary proceedings. The
institution, however, shall make good faith efforts to include relevant evidence and exclude
evidence which is neither relevant nor probative.
I. This Section does not affect the obligation of an institution to provide equivalent
rights to a student who is the alleged victim in the disciplinary proceeding, including
equivalent opportunities to have others present during an institutional disciplinary
proceeding, to an unrestricted choice of attorney or non-attorney advocate in any meeting or
institutional disciplinary proceeding, and to be provided simultaneous notification of the
institution's procedures for the accused and the alleged victim to appeal the result of the
institutional disciplinary proceeding, if applicable.
J. Any student or student organization that has its rights under this Section violated
may bring a private right of action against the institution and its agents acting in their official
capacities, with the management board named as a party, to recover actual damages. If the
court finds this Section or the student or student organization's rights to due process have
been violated, the court shall award any mental or emotional distress, loss of wages or
earning capacity, and costs.
K. Nothing in this Section shall be construed to impair an institution's ability to take
reasonable interim measures necessary to ensure the physical safety of members of the
campus community during a timely investigation and adjudication of a student disciplinary
issue including but not limited to the ability to make adjustments in student housing
arrangements, impose conditions of mutual no-contact between the accused student and the
alleged victim, temporarily suspend a student, or ban a student from campus. Such
reasonable interim measures shall require the following:
(1) Within seventy-two hours of the alleged violation being deemed an immediate
threat, written notice of the interim measure that explains the institution's reasons for
enacting the measures.
(2) Within seven business days of the written notice pursuant to Paragraph (1) of this
Subsection, unless otherwise waived by the accused student, an interim measure hearing to
determine whether there is substantial evidence that the student poses a risk to the physical
safety of a member of the campus community and that the interim measure is appropriate to
mitigate that risk. At the hearing, both the accused student and the alleged victim shall have
the right to be represented as provided in Subsection B of this Section. An accused student's
waiver of the right to an interim measure hearing shall not constitute an admission of guilt
or a waiver of any additional rights provided for in this Section.

Legislative History

Acts 2022, No. 464, §2; Acts 2024, No. 416, §1.