District of Columbia § 22-1431 Prohibition on female genital mutilation.

District of Columbia Statutes

§ 22-1431 — Prohibition on female genital mutilation.

District of Columbia § 22-1431

Title 22Criminal Offenses and Penalties.

Ch. 14AFemale Genital Mutilation.

This text of District of Columbia § 22-1431 (Prohibition on female genital mutilation.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District of Columbia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

D.C. Code § 22-1431 (2026).

Text

(a)For the purposes of this section, the term:

(1)"Female genital mutilation" means any procedure performed for non-medical reasons that involves partial or total removal of, or other injury to, the external female genitalia, including:

(A)A clitoridectomy or the partial or total removal of the clitoris, prepuce, or clitoral hood;

(B)Excision or the partial or total removal (with or without excision of the clitoris) of the labia minora;

(C)Infibulation or the narrowing of the vaginal opening (with or without excision of the clitoris); or

(D)Other procedures that are harmful to the external female genitalia, including pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, or cauterizing the genital area.

(2)Repealed.

(b)A person commits the offense of female genital muti

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(a) For the purposes of this section, the term:

(1) "Female genital mutilation" means any procedure performed for non-medical reasons that involves partial or total removal of, or other injury to, the external female genitalia, including:

(A) A clitoridectomy or the partial or total removal of the clitoris, prepuce, or clitoral hood;

(B) Excision or the partial or total removal (with or without excision of the clitoris) of the labia minora;

(C) Infibulation or the narrowing of the vaginal opening (with or without excision of the clitoris); or

(D) Other procedures that are harmful to the external female genitalia, including pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, or cauterizing the genital area.

(2) Repealed.

(b) A person commits the offense of female genital mutilation if the person:

(1) Knowingly performs female genital mutilation on any person;

(2) Is a parent or guardian of, or has immediate custody or control of, a person under the age of 18 and knowingly consents to, aids, permits, or otherwise facilitates female genital mutilation of such person; or

(3) Knowingly removes or facilitates the removal of a person under the age of 18 from the District for the purpose of facilitating female genital mutilation of that person; provided, that the conduct constituting female genital mutilation constitutes a criminal offense in the territory to which the person is removed.

(c) A person who violates subsection (b) of this section shall, upon conviction, be fined no more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01 , or incarcerated for no more than 10 years, or both.

(d) It shall not be a defense under subsection (b) of this section that:

(1) The unlawful conduct is required as a matter of religion, custom, ritual, or other standard practice; or

(2) The person on whom female genital mutilation was performed, or that person's parent or guardian, consented to the procedure.

(e) It shall not be a violation of subsection (b) of this section if the acts or conduct that otherwise would be considered female genital mutilation:

(1) Occurred in the furtherance of a surgical or other lawful medical procedure, performed by a licensed medical professional, and:

(A) The acts or conduct were necessary to preserve or protect the physical health of the patient upon whom the medical procedure was performed; or

(B) The acts or conduct were part of a gender reassignment procedure requested by the person on whom the surgery is to be performed; or

(2) In the case of a piercing, was conducted on a consenting adult by a body artist, as that term is defined in D.C. Official Code § 47-2809.01(3) [Repealed].

(1) A victim of female genital mutilation may bring a civil action against a person for a violation of subsection (b) of this section.

(2) If a court determines that an individual violated subsection (b) of this section, the court may award the payment of actual, compensatory, and punitive damages, and any other appropriate relief.

(3) A prevailing plaintiff shall be awarded attorney's fees and costs.

(1) The Director of the Department of Health shall develop or obtain, and make available to the public, informational materials on:

(A) The health risks caused by female genital mutilation, including the emotional trauma inflicted;

(B) Recognizing the signs that an individual may be a victim of female genital mutilation, or at risk of female genital mutilation; and

(C) How to report that an individual has been subjected to, or is in imminent danger of being subjected to, female genital mutilation.

(2) The Director of the Department of Health, in coordination with other relevant District agencies, shall develop and make available to the public informational materials, or integrate information into existing publicly-available informational materials, on mandated reporters' obligation to report that a person under care or under the age of 18 known to him or her in his or her professional or official capacity has been subjected to, or is in imminent danger of being subjected to, female genital mutilation.