§ 14-283 — Rights and duties re emergency vehicles. Obstruction of emergency vehicle.

Connecticut § 14-283

• Jurisdiction: Connecticut
• Title 14: Motor Vehicles. Use of the Highway By Vehicles. Gasoline
• Ch. 248: Vehicle Highway Use

Text

(a) As used in this section, “emergency vehicle” means (1) any ambulance or vehicle operated by a member of an emergency medical service organization responding to an emergency call or taking a patient to a hospital, (2) any vehicle used by a fire department or by any officer of a fire department while on the way to a fire or while responding to an emergency call but not while returning from a fire or emergency call, (3) any state or local police vehicle operated by a police officer or inspector of the Department of Motor Vehicles answering an emergency call or in the pursuit of fleeing law violators, (4) any Department of Correction vehicle operated by a Department of Correction officer while in the course of such officer's employment and while responding to an emergency call, or (5) any Department of Energy and Environmental Protection vehicle operated by a Department of Energy and Environmental Protection employee authorized to operate such vehicle while in the course of such employee's employment and while on the way to a fire or responding to an emergency call but not while returning from a fire or emergency call. (b) (1) The operator of any emergency vehicle may (A) park or stand such vehicle, irrespective of the provisions of this chapter, (B) except as provided in subdivision (2) of this subsection, proceed past any red light, stop signal or stop sign, but only after slowing down or stopping to the extent necessary for the safe operation of such vehicle, (C) exceed the posted speed limits or other speed limits imposed by or pursuant to section 14-218a , 14-219 or 14-307a as long as such operator does not endanger life or property by so doing, and (D) disregard statutes, ordinances or regulations governing direction of movement or turning in specific directions. (2) The operator of any emergency vehicle shall immediately bring such vehicle to a stop not less than ten feet from the front when approaching and not less than ten feet from the rear when overtaking or following any registered school bus on any highway or private road or in any parking area or on any school property when such school bus is displaying flashing red signal lights and such operator may then proceed as long as he or she does not endanger life or property by so doing. (c) The exemptions granted in this section shall apply only when an emergency vehicle is making use of an audible warning signal device, including, but not limited to, a siren, whistle or bell which meets the requirements of subsection (f) of section 14-80 , and visible flashing or revolving lights which meet the requirements of sections 14-96p and 14-96q , and to any state or local police vehicle properly and lawfully making use of an audible warning signal device only. (d) The provisions of this section shall not relieve the operator of an emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons and property. (e) Upon the immediate approach of an emergency vehicle making use of such an audible warning signal device and such visible flashing or revolving lights or of any state or local police vehicle properly and lawfully making use of an audible warning signal device only, the operator of every other vehicle in the immediate vicinity shall immediately drive to a position parallel to, and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in such position until the emergency vehicle has passed, except when otherwise directed by a state or local police officer or a firefighter. (f) Any person who is (1) operating a motor vehicle that is not an emergency vehicle, and (2) following an ambulance that is using flashing lights or a siren, shall not follow such ambulance more closely than one hundred feet. (g) Any officer of a fire department may remove, or cause to be removed, any vehicle upon any highway or private way which obstructs or impedes any fire department, or any officer thereof, in controlling or extinguishing any fire. (h) Any person who wilfully or negligently obstructs or impedes an emergency vehicle or any vehicle used by the state or local police shall be fined not more than two hundred fifty dollars. (i) Nothing in this section shall be construed as permitting the use of a siren upon any motor vehicle other than an emergency vehicle or an authorized emergency medical services vehicle that is registered with the Department of Motor Vehicles pursuant to section 19a-181 . (j) A police officer may issue a written warning or a summons to the owner of a vehicle based upon an affidavit signed by the operator of an emergency vehicle specifying (1) the license plate number, color and type of any vehicle observed violating any provision of subsection (e) or (h) of this section, and (2) the date, approximate time and location of such violation. See Sec. 14-80(f) re use of sirens, whistles or bells as warning signal devices.

Legislative History

(1949 Rev., S. 2424; 1957, P.A. 542, S. 1, 2; March, 1958, P.A. 27, S. 7; 1963, P.A. 112; 1969, P.A. 452, S. 7; 1971, P.A. 538; P.A. 77-340, S. 9; 77-614, S. 486, 587, 610; P.A. 78-303, S. 85, 136; P.A. 79-3; P.A. 80-483, S. 64, 186; P.A. 84-429, S. 66; P.A. 85-217, S. 3; P.A. 00-169, S. 11; P.A. 01-59; 01-192, S. 2; P.A. 05-288, S. 238, 239; P.A. 11-51, S. 134; 11-256, S. 17; P.A. 12-80, S. 6; P.A. 14-221, S. 1; P.A. 21-28, S. 11; 21-106, S. 34.) History: 1963 act included fire department vehicles responding to emergency calls; 1969 act increased fine from $50 to $500 maximum and imprisonment from seven days to one year maximum in Subsec. (c); 1971 act replaced previous provisions with new provisions re right-of-way granted to emergency vehicles; P.A. 77-340 added reference to Sec. 14-218a in Subsec. (b); P.A. 77-614 and P.A. 78-303 made state police department a division within the department of public safety, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 79-3 replaced reference to ambulances and vehicles used by police and fire departments with reference to emergency vehicles and rescue service vehicles in Subsec. (h); P.A. 80-483 replaced reference to Sec. 14-96g with reference to Sec. 14-96q in Subsec. (c); P.A. 84-429 made technical changes for statutory consistency; P.A. 85-217 amended Subsecs. (a) and (g), including emergency medical service organization vehicles in the definition of “emergency vehicle” and imposing a fine on persons who obstruct such vehicles while answering emergency calls; P.A. 00-169 redefined “emergency vehicle” to include vehicles operated by inspectors of the Department of Motor Vehicles; P.A. 01-59 amended Subsec. (a) to redefine “emergency vehicle” to include any Department of Correction vehicle operated by a Department of Correction officer while in the course of such officer's employment and while responding to an emergency call and amended Subsec. (b) to make a technical change for purposes of gender neutrality; P.A. 01-192 amended Subsec. (g) by changing the fine from $50 to $200, added Subsec. (i) re allowing a police officer to issue a written warning for violations of Subsec. (e) or (g) and made technical changes for the purposes of gender neutrality in Subsecs. (b) and (c); P.A. 05-288 amended Subsecs. (a) and (g) by replacing “emergency medical service organization vehicle” with “vehicle operated by a member of an emergency medical service organization” and made a technical change in Subsec. (g), effective July 13, 2005; pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Public Safety” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection” in Subsec. (g), effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 11-256 added new Subsec. (f) re following of ambulance, redesignated existing Subsecs. (f) to (i) as Subsecs. (g) to (j), and amended Subsec. (j) to make a technical change; P.A. 12-80 amended Subsec. (h) to replace penalty of a fine of not more than $200 or imprisonment of not more than 7 days or both with a fine of not more than $250; P.A. 14-221 amended Subsec. (b) to designate existing provisions as Subdiv. (1) and add Subdiv. (2) re operator of emergency vehicle to stop when overtaking or following school bus when bus is displaying flashing red lights and to proceed as long as operator does not endanger life or property, and made technical and conforming changes in Subsecs. (a), (b) and (c); P.A. 21-28 amended Subsec. (b)(1) by adding reference to Sec. 14-307a; P.A. 21-106 amended Subsec. (a) by designating existing provisions as Subdivs. (1) to (4) and adding Subdiv. (5) re Department of Energy and Environmental Protection vehicle, amended Subsec. (h) by replacing provision re ambulance or vehicle operated by emergency medical service organization or fire department with provision re emergency vehicle or vehicle used by state or local police, amended Subsec. (i) to replace reference to rescue service vehicle with reference to authorized emergency medical services vehicle and made technical changes, effective June 30, 2021. The provisions of this section create an exception to Sec. 14-299(b) concerning traffic lights at intersections. 114 C. 400. If a person is preparing for a left turn at an intersection, it may not be practicable to drive to the right-hand side and a jury should be so charged; under section, sounding of the siren of the cruiser is essential to its right-of-way. 150 C. 349. Effect of statute is merely to displace the conclusive presumption of negligence that ordinarily arises from the violation of traffic rules. 189 C. 601. Cited. 41 CA 476. Though ambulance had right-of-way, driver still had duty to look to right on entering intersection. 15 CS 232. Fact that police officer in answering an emergency call had right-of-way did not excuse him from operating his car with reasonable care. 19 CS 32. Cited. 34 CS 555; 38 CS 377. Subsec. (b): Since Subdiv. (4) does not include a safe driving provision, it provides immunity to drivers of emergency vehicles from criminal liability for violating statutes governing direction of movement or turning in specific directions. 60 CA 647. Subsec. (d): Provisions require officers to exercise judgment in determining whether to pursue a fleeing motorist and therefore the duty imposed is discretionary and the phrase “due regard”, rather than mandating a particular response to specific conditions, imposes a general duty on officers to exercise their judgment and discretion in a reasonable manner. 336 C. 1. Subsec. (e): Court found that “immediate vicinity” included police car with its lights flashing while it was within 1/4 mile of vehicle in question. 108 CA 447.