(1) (a) Any
municipal court of record, if authorized by the municipal governing body; any
county court; and any district, probate, or juvenile court has original concurrent
jurisdiction to issue a temporary or permanent civil protection order against an
adult or against a juvenile who is ten years of age or older for any of the following
purposes:
(I) To prevent assaults and threatened bodily harm;
(II) To prevent domestic abuse;
(III) To prevent emotional abuse of the elderly or of an at-risk adult;
(IV) To prevent sexual violence; and
(V) To prevent stalking.
(b) To be eligible for a protection order, the petitioner does not need to show
that he or she has reported the act that is the subject of the complaint to law
enforcement, that charges have been filed, or that the petitioner is participating in
the prosecution of a criminal matter.
(2) Any civil protection order issued pursuant to this section shall be issued
using the standardized set of forms developed by the state court administrator
pursuant to section 13-1-136.
(3) Venue for filing a motion or complaint pursuant to this section is proper in
any county where any one of the acts or behaviors that are the subject of the
motion or complaint occurred, in any county where one of the parties resides, or in
any county where one of the parties is employed. This requirement for venue does
not prohibit the change of venue to any other county appropriate under applicable
law.
(4) A motion for a temporary civil protection order shall be set for hearing at
the earliest possible time, which hearing may be ex parte, and shall take
precedence over all matters, except those matters of the same character that have
been on the court docket for a longer period of time. The court shall hear all such
motions as expeditiously as possible.
(5) Any district court, in an action commenced under the Uniform
Dissolution of Marriage Act, article 10 of title 14, C.R.S., shall have authority to
issue temporary and permanent protection orders pursuant to the provisions of
subsection (1) of this section. Such protection order may be as a part of a motion for
a protection order accompanied by an affidavit filed in an action brought under
article 10 of title 14, C.R.S. Either party may request the court to issue a protection
order consistent with any other provision of this article.
(6) At the time a protection order is requested pursuant to this section, the
court shall inquire about, and the requesting party and the party's attorney or
licensed legal paraprofessional have an independent duty to disclose, knowledge
the party and the party's attorney or licensed legal paraprofessional may have
concerning the existence of any prior protection or restraining order of any court
addressing in whole or in part the subject matter of the requested protection order.
In the event there are conflicting restraining or protection orders, the court shall
consider, as its first priority, issues of public safety. An order that prevents assaults,
threats of assault, or other harm must be given precedence over an order that deals
with the disposition of property or other tangible assets. Every effort must be made
by judicial officers to clarify conflicting orders.
(7) (a) A temporary civil protection order may be issued if the issuing judge or
magistrate finds that a risk or threat of physical harm or the threat of psychological
or emotional harm exists to the person or persons seeking protection under the civil
protection order. In determining whether a risk or threat of physical harm or the
threat of psychological or emotional harm exists to one or more persons, the court
shall consider all relevant evidence concerning the safety and protection of the
persons seeking the protection order, regardless of when an incident occurred or
the existence of a protection order issued pursuant to section 18-1-1001 or 18-1-1001.5.
(b) If the judge or magistrate finds that a risk or threat of physical harm or
the threat of psychological or emotional harm exists to the employees of a business
entity, the judge or magistrate may issue a civil protection order in the name of the
business for the protection of the employees. An employer is not liable for failing to
obtain a civil protection order in the name of the business for the protection of the
employees and patrons.
(8) (a) Upon the filing of a complaint, duly verified, alleging that the
respondent has committed acts that would constitute grounds for a civil protection
order, any judge or magistrate, after hearing the evidence and being fully satisfied
that sufficient cause exists, may issue a temporary civil protection order to prevent
the actions complained of and a citation directed to the respondent commanding
the respondent to appear before the court at a specific time and date and to show
cause, if any, why the temporary civil protection order should not be made
permanent. In addition, the court may order any other relief that the court deems
appropriate. Complaints may be filed by persons seeking protection for themselves
or for others as provided in section 26-3.1-102 (1)(b) and (1)(c).
(b) The judge or magistrate may continue the temporary protection order for
a period of not more than one year after the date when the permanent protection
order hearing takes place. If the temporary protection order is continued for one
year and the petitioner seeks a permanent protection order, the petitioner shall file
a motion at least fourteen days before the scheduled hearing notifying the court
and the respondent of the petitioner's intent to pursue a permanent protection
order on the date of the scheduled hearing.
(9) Upon the issuance of a temporary civil protection order, a copy of the
complaint, a copy of the temporary civil protection order, and a copy of the citation
must be served upon the respondent and upon the person to be protected, if the
complaint was filed by another person, in accordance with the rules for service of
process as provided in rule 304 of the rules of county court civil procedure or rule 4
of the Colorado rules of civil procedure. Service upon the respondent and upon the
person to be protected is prohibited if the temporary protection order is denied or if
the petitioner moves to vacate the temporary protection order prior to the court
receiving confirmation that the respondent was personally served or had actual
knowledge of the request for a civil protection order. The citation must inform the
respondent that, if the respondent fails to appear in court in accordance with the
terms of the citation, a bench warrant may be issued for the arrest of the
respondent and the temporary protection order previously entered by the court
made permanent without further notice or service upon the respondent. If the
temporary protection order is based in whole or in part on an act of domestic
violence, as defined in section 18-6-800.3, and the act of domestic violence
involved the threat of use of physical force, use of physical force, or attempted use
of physical force, the citation must also inform the respondent that the respondent
must comply with section 13-14-105.5 by refraining from possessing or purchasing
any firearm or ammunition for the duration of the order and relinquishing for the
duration of the order any firearm or ammunition in the respondent's immediate
possession or control or subject to the respondent's immediate possession or
control.
(10) The hearing for a permanent protection order must be set not more than
fourteen days after the issuance of the temporary civil protection order and
citation. If the petitioner is unable to serve the respondent in that period, the court
must extend the temporary protection order previously issued, continue the
permanent protection order hearing, and issue an alias citation stating the date and
time to which the hearing is continued. The petitioner may thereafter request, and
the court must grant, additional continuances as needed if the petitioner has still
been unable to serve the respondent if the petitioner is able to show the petitioner
has made reasonable efforts to serve the respondent or that the respondent is
evading service.
(11) (a) Any person against whom a temporary protection order is issued
pursuant to this section, which temporary protection order excludes the person
from a shared residence, is permitted to return to the shared residence one time to
obtain sufficient undisputed personal effects as are necessary for the person to
maintain a normal standard of living during any period prior to a hearing concerning
the order. The person against whom a temporary protection order is issued is
permitted to return to the shared residence only if the person is accompanied at all
times by a peace officer while the person is at or in the shared residence.
(b) When any person is served with a temporary protection order issued
against the person excluding the person from a shared residence, the temporary
protection order must contain a notification in writing to the person of the person's
ability to return to the shared residence pursuant to paragraph (a) of this
subsection (11). The written notification shall be in bold print and conspicuously
placed in the temporary protection order. A judge, magistrate, or other judicial
officer shall not issue a temporary protection order that does not comply with this
section.
(c) Any person against whom a temporary protection order is issued
pursuant to this section, which temporary protection order excludes the person
from a shared residence, may avail himself or herself of the forcible entry and
detainer remedies available pursuant to article 40 of this title. However, such
person is not entitled to return to the residence until such time as a valid writ of
restitution is executed and filed with the court issuing the protection order and, if
necessary, the protection order is modified accordingly. A landlord whose lessee
has been excluded from a residence pursuant to the terms of a protection order
may also avail himself or herself of the remedies available pursuant to article 40 of
this title.