Rule 1001 — Definitions That Apply to This Article

Fed. R. Evid. 1001

• Source: Federal Rules of Evidence
• Rule: 1001
• ARTICLE X: CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, RECORDINGS, AND
• Citation: Fed. R. Evid. 1001

Text

In this article:
(a) A ‘‘writing’’ consists of letters, words, numbers, or their
equivalent set down in any form.
(b) A ‘‘recording’’ consists of letters, words, numbers, or
their equivalent recorded in any manner.
(c) A ‘‘photograph’’ means a photographic image or its
equivalent stored in any form.
(d) An ‘‘original’’ of a writing or recording means the writ-
ing or recording itself or any counterpart intended to have the
same effect by the person who executed or issued it. For elec-
tronically stored information, ‘‘original’’ means any print-
out—or other output readable by sight—if it accurately re-
flects the information. An ‘‘original’’ of a photograph includes
the negative or a print from it.
(e) A ‘‘duplicate’’ means a counterpart produced by a me-
chanical, photographic, chemical, electronic, or other equiva-
lent process or technique that accurately reproduces the origi-
nal.

Advisory Committee Notes

(As amended Apr. 26, 2011, eff. Dec. 1, 2011.)