In the Missouri Court of Appeals Eastern District DIVISION THREE
ZICK, VOSS, POLITTE & RICHARDSON ) No. ED109152 ) Respondent, ) Appeal from the Circuit ) Court of Franklin County vs. ) 20AB-AC00743 ) JEANNETTE M. PUETZ, DAVID M. ) Honorable David L. Hoven PUETZ, and GERALD B. PUETZ, ) ) Appellants. ) Filed: July 20, 2021
Angela T. Quigless, P.J., Kurt S. Odenwald, J., and James M. Dowd, J.
Opinion
Introduction
Three siblings, Jeanette M. Puetz, David M. Puetz, and Gerald B. Puetz, appeal the
judgment of the Circuit Court of Franklin County - Associate Circuit Division denying their
motion to set aside the default judgment entered against them and in favor of their former law
firm, Zick, Voss, Politte & Richardson (ZVPR). The issue before us is whether the court
erroneously applied to this case the dictates of Rules 55.25(a) and 74.05(a) of the Missouri Rules
of Civil Procedure that a defendant who fails to file a responsive pleading to a petition within 30
days of service is subject to the entry of a default judgment, when those rules are inapplicable to
civil cases originally filed in the Associate Circuit Division and governed by chapter 517 of the
Revised Statutes of Missouri. We hold that because the questions of whether and when a responsive pleading is required are governed by chapter 517, specifically section 517.031.2, not
the Missouri Rules of Civil Procedure, the Puetzes were not in default as a matter of law
pursuant to section 517.031.2, and the trial court therefore erred by applying Rules 55.25(a) and
74.05(a) and in failing to set aside the default judgment. Reversed and remanded.
Background
On April 22, 2020, ZVPR filed a petition in the Circuit Court of Franklin County -
Associate Circuit Division against the Puetzes alleging they hired ZVPR to perform legal
services but then failed to pay ZVPR’s bill. The petition sought money damages for the
outstanding balance of $10,019.47, along with interest.1 The petition and summons were served
on the Puetzes by a special process server on May 13, 2020. The summons read:
You are summoned to appear before this court on the date, time, and location above to answer the attached petition. If you fail to do so, judgment by default will be taken against you for the relief demanded in the petition. You may be permitted to file certain responsive pleadings, pursuant to chapter 517, RSMo. Should you have any questions regarding responsive pleadings in this case you should consult an attorney.
The date and time the Puetzes were summoned to appear was July 6, 2020, at 9 a.m.
On June 17, nineteen days before the July 6 hearing date that was printed on the
summons, ZVPR filed a motion for default judgment alleging the Puetzes were in default
because they had failed to file a responsive pleading within 30 days of the May 13 service of the
summons. On June 23, ZVPR’s motion was heard, and the trial court entered a default judgment
against the Puetzes in the amount of $10,019.47, plus interest, attorney’s fees, service fees, and
court costs, for a total judgment of $11,657.63.
1 ZVPR alleged the legal services contract stipulated that interest payable on past due amounts would accrue at a rate of eighteen percent. 2 On the July 6 summons date, the Puetzes appeared at the courthouse but were denied
entry due to Covid-19 restrictions presumably because they no longer had a case on the docket as
a result of the default judgment entered on June 17. Also on July 6, the Puetzes filed their pro se
motion to set aside and vacate the default judgment. Among other arguments, the motion
attacked the default judgment because it was taken prior to the date they were summoned to
appear. On August 8, 2020, the court denied the motion and entered the judgment that is the
subject of this appeal.2 3 4 5
Standard of Review
“[Q]uestions of law relating to the authority of the trial court to enter default judgment
are reviewed de novo.” Agnello v. Walker, 306 S.W.3d 666, 676 (Mo. App. W.D. 2010), as
modified (Apr. 27, 2010).
Discussion
The Puetzes bring a slew of points on appeal in their pro se brief, but we need only
address one of them. Their fifth point is dispositive in that it demonstrates that the trial court
2 ZVPR’s motion for attorney’s fees, which was taken with the case, is denied as moot. 3 ZVPR’s motions to dismiss this appeal and to strike the Puetzes’ reply brief for failure to comply with Rule 84.04, both taken with the case, are denied because we are able to readily understand the issues before us based upon the record and the arguments in the briefs. Hoover v. Hoover, 581 S.W.3d 638, 641 (Mo. App. W.D. 2019), transfer denied (Sept. 3, 2019); Nichols v. Div. of Emp’t Sec., 399 S.W.3d 901, 904 (Mo. App. W.D. 2013). 4 ZVPR’s motion to dismiss Gerald Puetz’s appeal because he failed to comply with the signature requirement of Rule 55.03 in that he failed to sign the appellants’ opening brief is also denied. Rule 55.03 provides that a party should be given an opportunity to correct a signature deficiency. We find that Gerald Puetz rectified his Rule 55.03 signature deficiency because he filed an affidavit in this Court attesting to his support of and interest in this appeal as a party, he signed the notice of appeal, and he also signed appellants’ reply brief. See Glover v. State, 225 S.W.3d 425, 428 (Mo. banc. 2007). 5 The Puetzes’ request to supplemental the record on appeal is denied as moot. 3 lacked the authority to enter the default judgment and therefore erred in failing to set it aside
because the Puetzes were not in default as a matter of law.
I. The Puetzes were not in default when the default judgment was entered.
Civil actions originally filed in the Associate Circuit Division seeking less than $25,000
in money damages are governed by chapter 517 of the Missouri Revised Statutes. See section
517.011.1.6 And in those actions, the rules of civil procedure apply “except where otherwise
provided by law.” Section 517.021. And one of those exceptions is whether and when a
responsive pleading must be filed.
Of course, the rule applicable to most civil actions, Rule 55.25 of the Missouri Rules of
Civil Procedure, requires a defendant to “file an answer within thirty days after the service of the
summons and petition.” And “[w]hen a party against whom a judgment for affirmative relief is
sought has failed to plead or otherwise defend as provided by these rules, upon proof of damages
or entitlement to other relief, a judgment may be entered against the defaulting party.” Rule
74.05(a).7
Chapter 517, however, provides otherwise and therefore preempts Rules 55.25 and
74.05(a). Section 517.031.2 provides:
Affirmative defenses, counterclaims and cross claims shall be filed in writing not later than the return date and time of the summons unless leave to file the same at a later date is granted by the court. No other responsive pleading need be filed. If no responsive pleading is filed, the statements made in the petition, affirmative defenses, counterclaims or cross claims shall be considered denied except as provided in section 517.132.
So, in civil cases governed by chapter 517, responsive pleadings are not required in most
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In the Missouri Court of Appeals Eastern District DIVISION THREE
ZICK, VOSS, POLITTE & RICHARDSON ) No. ED109152 ) Respondent, ) Appeal from the Circuit ) Court of Franklin County vs. ) 20AB-AC00743 ) JEANNETTE M. PUETZ, DAVID M. ) Honorable David L. Hoven PUETZ, and GERALD B. PUETZ, ) ) Appellants. ) Filed: July 20, 2021
Angela T. Quigless, P.J., Kurt S. Odenwald, J., and James M. Dowd, J.
Opinion
Introduction
Three siblings, Jeanette M. Puetz, David M. Puetz, and Gerald B. Puetz, appeal the
judgment of the Circuit Court of Franklin County - Associate Circuit Division denying their
motion to set aside the default judgment entered against them and in favor of their former law
firm, Zick, Voss, Politte & Richardson (ZVPR). The issue before us is whether the court
erroneously applied to this case the dictates of Rules 55.25(a) and 74.05(a) of the Missouri Rules
of Civil Procedure that a defendant who fails to file a responsive pleading to a petition within 30
days of service is subject to the entry of a default judgment, when those rules are inapplicable to
civil cases originally filed in the Associate Circuit Division and governed by chapter 517 of the
Revised Statutes of Missouri. We hold that because the questions of whether and when a responsive pleading is required are governed by chapter 517, specifically section 517.031.2, not
the Missouri Rules of Civil Procedure, the Puetzes were not in default as a matter of law
pursuant to section 517.031.2, and the trial court therefore erred by applying Rules 55.25(a) and
74.05(a) and in failing to set aside the default judgment. Reversed and remanded.
Background
On April 22, 2020, ZVPR filed a petition in the Circuit Court of Franklin County -
Associate Circuit Division against the Puetzes alleging they hired ZVPR to perform legal
services but then failed to pay ZVPR’s bill. The petition sought money damages for the
outstanding balance of $10,019.47, along with interest.1 The petition and summons were served
on the Puetzes by a special process server on May 13, 2020. The summons read:
You are summoned to appear before this court on the date, time, and location above to answer the attached petition. If you fail to do so, judgment by default will be taken against you for the relief demanded in the petition. You may be permitted to file certain responsive pleadings, pursuant to chapter 517, RSMo. Should you have any questions regarding responsive pleadings in this case you should consult an attorney.
The date and time the Puetzes were summoned to appear was July 6, 2020, at 9 a.m.
On June 17, nineteen days before the July 6 hearing date that was printed on the
summons, ZVPR filed a motion for default judgment alleging the Puetzes were in default
because they had failed to file a responsive pleading within 30 days of the May 13 service of the
summons. On June 23, ZVPR’s motion was heard, and the trial court entered a default judgment
against the Puetzes in the amount of $10,019.47, plus interest, attorney’s fees, service fees, and
court costs, for a total judgment of $11,657.63.
1 ZVPR alleged the legal services contract stipulated that interest payable on past due amounts would accrue at a rate of eighteen percent. 2 On the July 6 summons date, the Puetzes appeared at the courthouse but were denied
entry due to Covid-19 restrictions presumably because they no longer had a case on the docket as
a result of the default judgment entered on June 17. Also on July 6, the Puetzes filed their pro se
motion to set aside and vacate the default judgment. Among other arguments, the motion
attacked the default judgment because it was taken prior to the date they were summoned to
appear. On August 8, 2020, the court denied the motion and entered the judgment that is the
subject of this appeal.2 3 4 5
Standard of Review
“[Q]uestions of law relating to the authority of the trial court to enter default judgment
are reviewed de novo.” Agnello v. Walker, 306 S.W.3d 666, 676 (Mo. App. W.D. 2010), as
modified (Apr. 27, 2010).
Discussion
The Puetzes bring a slew of points on appeal in their pro se brief, but we need only
address one of them. Their fifth point is dispositive in that it demonstrates that the trial court
2 ZVPR’s motion for attorney’s fees, which was taken with the case, is denied as moot. 3 ZVPR’s motions to dismiss this appeal and to strike the Puetzes’ reply brief for failure to comply with Rule 84.04, both taken with the case, are denied because we are able to readily understand the issues before us based upon the record and the arguments in the briefs. Hoover v. Hoover, 581 S.W.3d 638, 641 (Mo. App. W.D. 2019), transfer denied (Sept. 3, 2019); Nichols v. Div. of Emp’t Sec., 399 S.W.3d 901, 904 (Mo. App. W.D. 2013). 4 ZVPR’s motion to dismiss Gerald Puetz’s appeal because he failed to comply with the signature requirement of Rule 55.03 in that he failed to sign the appellants’ opening brief is also denied. Rule 55.03 provides that a party should be given an opportunity to correct a signature deficiency. We find that Gerald Puetz rectified his Rule 55.03 signature deficiency because he filed an affidavit in this Court attesting to his support of and interest in this appeal as a party, he signed the notice of appeal, and he also signed appellants’ reply brief. See Glover v. State, 225 S.W.3d 425, 428 (Mo. banc. 2007). 5 The Puetzes’ request to supplemental the record on appeal is denied as moot. 3 lacked the authority to enter the default judgment and therefore erred in failing to set it aside
because the Puetzes were not in default as a matter of law.
I. The Puetzes were not in default when the default judgment was entered.
Civil actions originally filed in the Associate Circuit Division seeking less than $25,000
in money damages are governed by chapter 517 of the Missouri Revised Statutes. See section
517.011.1.6 And in those actions, the rules of civil procedure apply “except where otherwise
provided by law.” Section 517.021. And one of those exceptions is whether and when a
responsive pleading must be filed.
Of course, the rule applicable to most civil actions, Rule 55.25 of the Missouri Rules of
Civil Procedure, requires a defendant to “file an answer within thirty days after the service of the
summons and petition.” And “[w]hen a party against whom a judgment for affirmative relief is
sought has failed to plead or otherwise defend as provided by these rules, upon proof of damages
or entitlement to other relief, a judgment may be entered against the defaulting party.” Rule
74.05(a).7
Chapter 517, however, provides otherwise and therefore preempts Rules 55.25 and
74.05(a). Section 517.031.2 provides:
Affirmative defenses, counterclaims and cross claims shall be filed in writing not later than the return date and time of the summons unless leave to file the same at a later date is granted by the court. No other responsive pleading need be filed. If no responsive pleading is filed, the statements made in the petition, affirmative defenses, counterclaims or cross claims shall be considered denied except as provided in section 517.132.
So, in civil cases governed by chapter 517, responsive pleadings are not required in most
instances because by operation of section 517.031.2, the allegations in the petition are deemed
6 All statutory references are to Mo. Rev. Stat. Cum. Supp. 2020 unless otherwise indicated. 7 All rule references are to the Missouri Supreme Court Rules (2020). 4 denied even if the defendant files no responsive pleading.8 This is in keeping with the mandate
in section 517.031.1 that “[t]he pleadings of the petition shall be informal unless the court in its
discretion requires formal pleadings.” Chesterfield Financial Corp. v. North County General
Surgery, Inc., 917 S.W.2d 603, 605 (Mo. App. E.D. 1996)
Therefore, a defendant cannot be in default in a chapter 517 claim for failure to file a
responsive pleading. A default judgment is only possible under chapter 517 if the defending
party fails to appear in court on the return date or subsequent date to which the case had been
continued. Section 517.131.
Therefore, the Puetzes’ obligation pursuant to the summons was to appear in court on
July 6 at 9 a.m. They were not, and could not be, in default before that date. Consequently, the
court’s June 23 entry of the judgment by default and its subsequent failure to set it aside based on
its erroneous application of Rules 55.25 and 74.05(a) to this chapter 517 case, were beyond the
court’s authority and manifestly erroneous. Agnello v. Walker, 306 S.W.3d 666, 676 (Mo. App.
W.D. 2010), as modified (Apr. 27, 2010).
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment is reversed and remanded.
_____________________________ James M. Dowd, Judge
Angela T. Quigless, P.J. and Kurt S. Odenwald, J. concur.
8 The exception referenced in the statute to section 517.132 is inapplicable here because it pertains to written instruments and only requires a responsive pleading when the Chapter 517 claim is based on a written instrument purporting to have been executed by the defendant. 5