Zepeda-Martinez v. Garland

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
• Decided: October 15, 2024
• Docket: 23-3906
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS OCT 15 2024 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

LUIS FELIPE ZEPEDA- No. 23-3906 MARTINEZ; ARLENA SARAHI Agency Nos. DOMINGUEZ-FUNEZ; ENOC ZEPEDA- A220-680-151 DOMINGUEZ, A220-940-358 A220-940-339 Petitioners,

v. MEMORANDUM*

MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General,

Respondent.

On Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals

Submitted October 7, 2024** San Francisco, California

Before: McKEOWN, KOH, and JOHNSTONE, Circuit Judges.

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** This case is submitted without oral argument pursuant to the government’s unopposed motion to submit on the briefs. See Dkt. No. 25. Luis Felipe Zepeda-Martinez petitions for review of the Board of

Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) dismissal of his appeal. The BIA adopted and

affirmed the Immigration Judge’s (“IJ”) denial of Zepeda-Martinez’s application

for asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against

Torture (“CAT”), and the IJ’s denial of his family’s derivative applications. Matter

of Burbano, 20 I. & N. Dec. 872, 874 (B.I.A. 1994).

We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252, and we deny the petition.

Because the parties are familiar with the facts, we need not recount them here.

Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that Zepeda-Martinez

failed to establish asylum eligibility. To qualify for asylum, an applicant must

establish that “race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group,

or political opinion was or will be at least one central reason” for his persecution.

8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(i); see Manzano v. Garland, 104 F.4th 1202, 1206 (9th

Cir. 2024). The IJ did not err in determining that Zepeda-Martinez had not shown

he experienced past harm rising to the level of persecution; he had not evinced an

objectively reasonable fear of future persecution based on a protected ground; the

harm he experienced bore no nexus to a protected ground; and he had not

identified a cognizable particular social group.

Because “[w]ithholding’s clear-probability standard is more stringent than

asylum’s well-founded-fear standard,” a failure to establish eligibility for asylum

2 23-3906 necessitates a failure to establish eligibility for withholding of removal. Singh v.

Garland, 57 F.4th 643, 658 (9th Cir. 2022) (internal quotations and citation

omitted).

Finally, substantial evidence supports the denial of CAT relief. To qualify

for CAT relief, a noncitizen must establish that it is “more likely than not that he or

she would be tortured if removed,” and that public officials would either “carr[y]

out or knowingly acquiesce[] in” the torture. Barajas-Romero v. Lynch, 846 F.3d

351, 361 (9th Cir. 2017) (internal quotations and citations omitted). “Torture is an

extreme form of cruel and inhuman treatment and does not include lesser forms of

cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” 8 C.F.R. § 1208.18(a)(2).

The BIA did not err in concluding that the 2019 attack did not meet this high bar.

Additionally, Zepeda-Martinez did not submit any additional evidence supporting

likely future torture. Denial of CAT relief was proper.

PETITION DENIED.

3 23-3906