Zani v. Rite Aid Hdqrts. Corp.
Opinion
17‐1230‐cv Zani v. Rite Aid Hdqrts. Corp.
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007 IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURTʹS LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ʺSUMMARY ORDERʺ). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 21st day of February, two thousand eighteen.
PRESENT: JOHN M. WALKER, JR., GERARD E. LYNCH,
DENNY CHIN,
Circuit Judges.
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ROBERT ZANI, INDIVIDUALLY AND ON BEHALF OF ALL OTHERS SIMILARLY SITUATED, Plaintiff‐Appellant,
v. 17‐1230‐cv
RITE AID HDQTRS. CORP., Defendant‐Appellee,
RITE AID CORPORATION, Defendant.
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FOR PLAINTIFF‐APPELLANT: TIMOTHY J. SOSTRIN, (Keith J. Keogh, on the brief), Keogh Law, LTD, Chicago, Illinois.
FOR DEFENDANT‐APPELLEE: KARIN DOUGAN VOGEL, (Rena Andoh, Shannon Z. Petersen, and Lisa S. Yun, on the brief), Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP, New York, New York.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Nathan, J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Plaintiff‐appellant Robert Zani appeals a March 30, 2017, judgment of the district court granting summary judgment for defendant‐appellee Rite Aid Headquarters Corp. (ʺRite Aidʺ) on Zaniʹs claims that Rite Aid violated the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (the ʺTCPAʺ), 47 U.S.C. § 227, in connection with a prerecorded, automated call Rite Aid made to Zaniʹs cell phone in 2014 alerting him to the availability of flu shots at Rite Aid pharmacies. We assume the partiesʹ familiarity with the underlying facts, procedural history, and issues on appeal.
We review de novo a district courtʹs grant of summary judgment, ʺconstruing the evidence in the light most favorable to the non‐moving party and drawing all reasonable inferences in its favor.ʺ Mitchell v. City of New York, 841 F.3d 72, 77 (2d Cir. 2016) (internal quotation marks omitted).
The facts are largely undisputed and are summarized in the light most favorable to Zani as follows: On September 7, 2013, Zani filled a prescription at a Rite Aid‐branded pharmacy in Highland Falls, New York. The pharmacy was owned and operated by Rite Aid of New York, Inc., an affiliate of Rite Aid. That day, Zani provided his cell phone number along with other personal information. Zani filled prescriptions at this Rite Aid pharmacy at least twice more in the following year. Each time Zani had a prescription filled at this location, he signed a Notice of Privacy Practices which indicated that Rite Aid ʺmay contact [Zani] to provide refill reminders or information about treatment alternatives or other health related benefits and services that may be of interest.ʺ Special App. at 4.
On October 24, 2013, Zani received a flu shot from the same Rite Aid pharmacy. On September 26, 2014, Zani received a phone call, placed by a vendor hired by Rite Aid, with a prerecorded message informing him of the availability of flu shots for the upcoming flu season at Rite Aid pharmacies. The call stated:
Get your flu shot at Rite Aid today and shield yourself from this seasonʹs strains of the flu. Rite Aid now offers patients sixty five and over the Fluzone High Dose vaccine designed for older patients and covered by Medicare Part B. Because our immune systems may need more help as we get older, the Fluzone High Dose vaccine available at Rite Aid may deliver a stronger immune response. Come in today and shield yourself. No appointment necessary and most insurance plans accepted. Vaccines available while supplies last. See your Rite Aid pharmacist for details.
Goodbye.
App. at 221.
On December 23, 2014, Zani filed a complaint, on behalf of himself and others similarly situated, against Rite Aid alleging violations of the TCPA based on the 2014 phone call. Rite Aid moved for summary judgment, arguing that Rite Aid conveyed a ʺʹhealth careʹ message,ʺ which can be lawfully sent to all who have given ʺprior express consent.ʺ 47 C.F.R. § 64.1200(a)(2). The district court granted Rite Aidʹs motion for summary judgment. Zani v. Rite Aid Hdqtrs. Corp., 246 F. Supp. 3d 835, 839 (S.D.N.Y. 2017). After the entry of judgment, this appeal followed.
Under the TCPA, it is unlawful for ʺany person within the United Statesʺ to, inter alia, ʺmake any call (other than a call made for emergency purposes or made with the prior express consent of the called party) using any automatic telephone dialing system or . . . artificial or prerecorded voice . . . to any telephone number assigned to a . . . cellular telephone service.ʺ 47 U.S.C. § 227(b)(A)(iii). The TCPA delegated the authority to implement these requirements to the Federal Communications Commission (the ʺFCCʺ). See 47 U.S.C. § 227(b)(2). Pursuant to its authority under the TCPA, in 2012, the FCC promulgated regulations that required ʺprior express written consent,ʺ for all calls that included ʺadvertisements or telemarketing messages.ʺ 47 C.F.R. § 64.1200(a)(2), (f)(8). The FCC created an exemption from the prior express written consent requirement for a ʺʹhealth careʹ message made by, or on behalf of, a ʹcovered entityʹ or its ʹbusiness associate,ʹ as those terms are defined in the HIPAA Privacy Rule.ʺ 47 C.F.R. § 64.1200(a)(2) (quoting 45
C.F.R. 160.103). Under this exemption, the entity placing the call must have ʺthe prior express consent of the called party when the call . . . delivers a health care message.ʺ 45 C.F.R. § 64.1200(a)(2) (internal quotation marks omitted). In other words, automated telephone calls (with certain exceptions) require ʺprior express written consent,ʺ but automated health care calls require only ʺprior express consent,ʺ that is, the prior consent need not be in writing or subject to specific disclosures.
Both parties agree that Zani gave Rite Aid prior express consent when he provided his cell phone number in connection with a flu shot received in a prior year. See In the Matter of Rules and Regulations Implementing the Tel. Consumer Prot. Act of 1991, 7 FCC Rcd. 8752, 8769 ¶ 31 (Oct. 16, 1992) (ʺ[P]ersons who knowingly release their phone numbers have in effect given their invitation or permission to be called at the number which they have given . . . .ʺ). Zani contends, however, that because the call in question did not convey a health care message, express written consent was required, and he had not provided it.
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