Wright v. Wright

567 S.W.2d 371, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2103
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 25, 1978
DocketNo. 38983
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 567 S.W.2d 371 (Wright v. Wright) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Wright v. Wright, 567 S.W.2d 371, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2103 (Mo. Ct. App. 1978).

Opinion

REINHARD, Judge.

Defendant-appellant appeals from a decision of the Circuit Court of St. Louis County in which it held that plaintiff-respondent was an accommodation party on a note jointly executed by appellant and respondent. Appellant was found primarily liable on the note and was ordered to hold respondent harmless and to indemnify her for losses or damages (including her reasonable attorney’s fees) that she might sustain as a result of her having signed the note. We affirm.

Appellant procured a divorce from his wife, the respondent, on June 6, 1957. The divorce decree granted care, custody and control of the children borne of the marriage to respondent, and ordered appellant to pay child support. In addition, appellant was required to convey to respondent all right, title and interest in the family home and to pay the existing mortgage on the home.

On October 2, 1963, the parties to this litigation co-signed on a promissory note secured by a deed of trust on the aforementioned home. The loan of Forty Thousand Dollars ($40,000.00) was made and the proceeds were distributed by Northwestern Bank and Trust Company. Disbursements as shown on defendant’s “Exhibit A”, were as follows:

$22,488.52 Mercantile Mortgage Co.
8,776.25 Northwestern Bank and Trust Company
15.70 Recording Fees
222.00 Land Title Investment Co.
20.00 Bank Appraisal
8,477.53 Customer
$40,000.00

The record offers no indication of the specific purposes of the substantial disbursements to Mercantile Mortgage Co. and Northwestern Bank and Trust Company, but appellant does not contend that respondent benefitted from them. The payments to Land Title Investment Co.; for recording fees; and the bank appraisal pertain to the processing of the loan. It is only disbursement of the net proceeds of Eight Thousand Four Hundred Seventy-Seven Dollars and Fifty Three Cents ($8,477.53) that becomes [374]*374a factor in this litigation. We delay consideration of the matter, however, and will return to it at a later point in the opinion.

Appellant assumed complete responsibility for monthly payments on the loan for approximately eleven years and testified he did so because of his sense of responsibility to the children living in the house. In October, 1974, appellant informed respondent of his intention to discontinue payments after 1974, and that the balance of the loan thereafter would become respondent’s sole responsibility. Appellant testified that dissatisfaction with respondent’s methods of raising the children was the reason for his decision to discontinue payments. Despite his stated intention, appellant continued to pay one-half of the amount of the required monthly payments. This note was due to expire on October 1, 1976, with a balance of Twenty-Five Thousand Four Hundred Fifty Dollars and Seventy-Seven Cents ($25,450.77) remaining.

Appellant claims that he and respondent, as co-signatories on the note, are mutually obligated to pay the indebtedness; that he has fulfilled his share of the obligation on the note; and that respondent alone is obligated to pay off the existing indebtedness. Respondent maintains that pursuant to an agreement she and her former husband reached prior to executing the loan, she signed the note as an accommodation party and the house was used as collateral. She disclaimed any liability on the note, and the trial court ruled in her favor. In his first assignment of error, appellant contends the trial court improperly admitted parol evidence, by way of respondent’s testimony, of her status as an accommodation party.1 Such testimony, he argues, constitutes an attempt to vary the clear and unambiguous terms of the written instrument. As a matter of general law, there may be a presumption that co-makers of a promissory note, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, are equally liable. Bills and notes, however, do not. necessarily express the entire agreement between ostensible co-makers. Thus our courts have repeatedly held that in an action on a note by the original parties, an ostensible maker may show by parol evidence that he signed for the accommodation of the other. First National Bank of Liberty v. Latimer, 486 S.W.2d 262, 267 (Mo.1972); Allison v. Dilsaver, 387 S.W.2d 206, 213 (Mo.App.1965); Massa v. Huehnerhoff, 59 S.W.2d 723, 724 (Mo.App.1933); Dickherber v. Turnbull, 31 S.W.2d 234, 236 (Mo.App.1930).

Appellant next argues the court erred in finding that respondent signed as an. accommodation party because the evidence fails to demonstrate the existence of an agreement between the parties, and secondly, evidence that respondent received the net proceeds of the loan precludes her status as an accommodation maker. Appellant is correct in his assertion that respondent has the burden of proving she was an accommodation party, and we believe respondent sustained that burden. The evidence showed that appellant needed money for business purposes and asked respondent to jointly execute loan documents at Northwestern Bank and Trust Company.

She testified that he assured her he would be responsible for repayment of the loan, and in fact, appellant made regular payments on the note for a period of approximately eleven years. Moreover, that respondent was in possession of the house is a factor not to be overlooked, and in this regard, appellant testified the house was the only asset available for his use in securing a loan. Had respondent wished to obtain a loan, appellant’s signature on the note would not have been necessary. We [375]*375conclude, therefore, the evidence was sufficient to warrant a finding that the parties agreed respondent’s signature was for the accommodation of appellant.

The above notwithstanding, respondent, as a matter of law, could not be an accommodation maker if it were shown she received value in return for her signature on the instrument. Section 401.029, RSMol959. In this instance, there is undisputed evidence that a treasurer’s check in .the amount of Eight Thousand Four Hundred Seventy-Seven Dollars and Fifty-Three Cents ($8,477.53) was made payable to and endorsed by respondent. This fact raises a presumption that respondent, as the endorser, received payment of the amount specified on the check. The presumption is rebuttable, however. Hubbard v. Happel’s Estate, 382 S.W.2d 416, 423-424 (Mo.App. 1964). Respondent stated she received none of the proceeds of the loan including the Eight Thousand Four Hundred Seventy-Seven Dollars and Fifty-Three Cents ($8,477.53). She stated she was merely a “straw party”. Appellant testified at the trial that some of the Eight Thousand Four Hundred Seventy-Seven Dollars and Fifty-Three Cents ($8,477.53) went to Mrs. Wright and, “None of it was used for my personal use.” However, in a deposition taken two weeks before the trial, he stated that he did not remember if she had turned the check over to him. There was sufficient evidence to overcome the presumption and to create a question of fact to be resolved by the trier of the facts.

The standard of review to which we are bound in this case was set forth in Murphy v.

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Bluebook (online)
567 S.W.2d 371, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2103, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wright-v-wright-moctapp-1978.