Wonka v. Cari

2001 WI App 274, 637 N.W.2d 92, 249 Wis. 2d 23, 2001 Wisc. App. LEXIS 1090
CourtCourt of Appeals of Wisconsin
DecidedOctober 23, 2001
DocketNo. 01-0184
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 2001 WI App 274 (Wonka v. Cari) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Wisconsin primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Wonka v. Cari, 2001 WI App 274, 637 N.W.2d 92, 249 Wis. 2d 23, 2001 Wisc. App. LEXIS 1090 (Wis. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

HOOVER, PJ.

¶ 1. Lynn and Jerome Wonka appeal a summary judgment dismissing their claims against the proceeds from the sale of real estate of the Estate of Edward Bierbrauer. The Wonkas argue that Edward and Donna Bierbrauer held the property as marital property without survivorship rights until Edward's death. They argue further that Edward's portion of the proceeds was available to satisfy a judgment for damages from a tort claim against him that resulted from an auto accident. Donna and the special administrator of Edward's estate contend that at all times the Bierbrauers held the property as survivorship marital property. We agree. Ownership of the property [26]*26appropriately passed to Donna upon Edward's death, and she is entitled to all proceeds from its sale. We affirm the trial court's judgment.

Background

¶ 2. In 1976, Edward and Donna acquired an interest in the Boardman Bar by way of a land contract. The land contract conveyed the real property to "Edward E. Bierbrauer and Donna K. Bierbrauer, husband and wife as joint tenants." Edward and Donna satisfied the land contract in 1991, and the seller conveyed the warranty deed to the Bierbrauers as "husband and wife, as marital property with rights of survivorship."

¶ 3. In 1996, Edward Bierbrauer and Lynn Wonka were involved in an automobile accident. The Wonkas filed a personal injury action in April 1998, alleging that Edward negligently caused the accident. Donna Bier-brauer was not involved in the accident and was not named as a defendant.

¶ 4. Early in 1997, the Bierbrauers entered into a land contract with Lloyd and Ann Anderson for the sale of the Boardman Bar. The Andersons defaulted on the land contract. Six months later, in lieu of foreclosure, the Andersons conveyed their interest in the Boardman Bar back to the Bierbrauers as "husband and wife" by way of a quitclaim deed.

¶ 5. Edward passed away in 1999, and the trial court appointed a special administrator of his estate. The Wonkas continued the suit against Edward's one-half interest in the Boardman Bar.

¶ 6. After Edward's death, Donna filed a "Termination of Decedent's Property Interest" to terminate Edward's interest in the Boardman Bar. The Wonkas then amended their complaint to allege that the prop[27]*27erty was not survivorship marital property. They claimed that any judgment awarded to them could be satisfied from Edward's interest in the property. Donna and the Estate moved for summary judgment to determine whether the Bierbrauers held the property as survivorship or non-survivorship property.

¶ 7. Subsequently, the Boardman Bar was sold and, pursuant to stipulation, the portion of the proceeds attributable to Edward's interest was held in trust. The parties stipulated that all of the Wonkas' claims were dismissed except for issues surrounding the Wonkas' alleged interest in the money in the trust. The parties agreed to the distribution of the trust money upon the trial court's resolution of the legal issue. In the event the trial court determined that the Boardman Bar was survivorship marital property, the parties stipulated that the sum held in trust would be paid to Donna. In the event it determined the Boardman Bar was owned as non-survivorship marital property at the time of Edward's death, the parties stipulated the sum held in trust would be paid to the Wonkas. The trial court signed the order approving the stipulation.

¶ 8. On December 5, 2000, the trial court granted summary judgment in favor of Donna and the Estate. It concluded that the Bierbrauers held the Boardman Bar as survivorship marital property until Edward's death and that the plaintiffs have no interest in the proceeds from the property's sale. The Wonkas now appeal.

Standard op Review

¶ 9. We review summary judgment dispositions de novo and apply the same methodology used in the trial court. Green Spring Farms v. Kersten, 136 Wis. 2d 304, [28]*28315, 401 N.W.2d 816 (1987). Summary judgment is granted only when pleadings, depositions, interrogatories, admissions and affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact. Wis. Stat. § 802.08(2). When examining material presented, we view all inferences to be drawn from the underlying facts in the light most favorable to the party opposing the summary judgment motion. Kraemer Bros. v. United States Fire Ins. Co., 89 Wis. 2d 555, 567, 278 N.W.2d 857 (1979).

Discussion

¶ 10. The Wonkas argue that, at the time of Edward's death, the Boardman Bar was not survivor-ship marital property, the 1997 land contract having severed the Bierbrauers' joint tenancy. The Wonkas further contend that the quitclaim deed did not convey a survivorship interest from the Andersons back to the Bierbrauers. We disagree because the land contract transferred only equitable title to the Andersons. We conclude that the Bierbrauers at all times retained legal title to the property as survivorship marital property. Therefore, we affirm the trial court's summary judgment.

¶ 11. When a tortfeasor spouse dies, property that would have been available for satisfaction of the incurred obligation generally continues to be available. Wis. Stat. § 859.18(2).1 Survivorship marital property, however, is not available to satisfy the obligation of the deceased tortfeasor spouse. Wis. Stat. § 859.18(4)(a)l. [29]*29Whether the Wonkas can access Edward's interest in the sale proceeds to satisfy tort judgments against him turns on whether the Bierbrauers held the Boardman Bar as survivorship marital property at the time of Edward's death.

¶ 12. Once survivorship rights are created, they remain with the titleholders until an act or event severs the joint tenancy. See Nichols v. Nichols, 43 Wis. 2d 346, 349-50, 168 N.W.2d 876 (1969). The Bierbrauers established survivorship right's when the 1991 warranty deed vested title "with rights of survivorship."

¶ 13. In a land contract, the vendor holds legal title, while the vendee obtains equitable title. City of Milwaukee v. Greenberg, 163 Wis. 2d 28, 39, 471 N.W.2d 33 (1991). Here, then, the land contract conveyed to the Andersons equitable title in the Boardman Bar. In Simon v. Chartier, 250 Wis. 642, 645, 27 N.W.2d 752 (1947), our supreme court expressly held that executing a land contract does not constitute severance of a joint estate. Therefore, when the Bierbrauers signed the land contract with the Andersons, they did not sever their joint tenancy with rights of survivorship. See id. As long as the Bierbrauers held the legal title, the way in which they held that title remained intact.

¶ 14.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2001 WI App 274, 637 N.W.2d 92, 249 Wis. 2d 23, 2001 Wisc. App. LEXIS 1090, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wonka-v-cari-wisctapp-2001.