Wm. McCombs v. . Albert Wallace

66 N.C. 481

• Court: Supreme Court of North Carolina
• Decided: January 5, 1872
• Status: Published

Opinion

Rodman, J.

The question in this case is not whether the the defendant is a tenant of the plaintiff, in any sense of that word ; but whether lie is such a tenant as is embraced within the Landlord and,Tenant, Act 1868-69, ch. 156, p. 855. Sec. 19, of that Act says :

“Any tenant or lessee of any house or land, and the assigns under tenants or legal representatives or legal representatives ■of such tenants who shall hold over, and continue in the possession of the demised premise, or any part thereof, without permission of the landlord, and after demand made for its surrender, may be removed from such premises in the manner hereinafter prescribed, in either of the following cases :

1. Whenever a tenant in possession of real estate holds over after his term has expired.

2. When the tenant or lessee, or other person under him has done or omitted any act, by which, according to tlie stipulation of the lease his estate ceased.”

A Justice has jurisdiction only in the cases described in this section. The Act then prescribes the" proceedings before the Justice.

Upon a careful consideration ot this Act we think it was intended only to apply to a case in which the tenant entered into the possession under some contract, either actual or im.plied with the supposed landlord, or with some person under whom the supposed landlord claimed in privity, or when the tenant himself was in privity with some person who had so entered.

This construction would exclude two classes of cases, which we think were not intended to be embraced in the Act, viz: Vendees entering into possession under a contract of purchase, and vendors continuing in possession under circumstances like the present. Such persons ere certainly tenants at will or sufferance for many purposes, and they are frequently so called. Jones v. Hill, 64 N. C., 198. Rut they seem to be excluded as well by the words of the section above cited, as by the general scope and spirit of the Act. The words of the section clearly require that the entry should be under a de-' mise of some sort, although there is no reason for saying that it must be for any definite term, it may well be at will.

In this case the possession of the defendant was-not acquired from either the trustee or the plaintiff; there was nothing which can be called a demise; his possession arose out of his own title, and continued until the sale, by virtue of the reservation in the in trust to that. His term has not expired ; he had no term, for that implies a term derived from some other person. The reservation was perhaps void, for a term of years cannot be reserved by the grantor of an estate in foe.

In that case the defendant would be a vendor continuing to hold the possession after his sale, which would also effectually exclude the idea of a demise.

The case of such a tenant is not within the mischief which the Act was intended to remedy.

Let this opinion be certified.

Per Curiam. Judgment reversed.