Witherspoon v. Witherspoon

2017 Ohio 4216

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: June 12, 2017
• Docket: 15CA010865
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Witherspoon v. Witherspoon, 2017-Ohio-4216.]

STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS )ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COUNTY OF LORAIN )

CHRISTOPHER M. WITHERSPOON C.A. No. 15CA010865

Appellee

v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT ENTERED IN THE TERRA R. WITHERSPOON COURT OF COMMON PLEAS COUNTY OF LORAIN, OHIO Appellant CASE No. 11DU073985

DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY

Dated: June 12, 2017

HENSAL, Judge.

{¶1} Defendant-Appellant, Terra Witherspoon, appeals from the judgment of the

Lorain County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, denying her motion for

relief from judgment. For the following reasons, this Court affirms.

I.

{¶2} Plaintiff-Appellee, Christopher Witherspoon (“Husband”), filed for divorce from

Defendant-Appellant, Terra Witherspoon (“Wife”), in 2011. Wife obtained counsel and filed an

answer and counterclaim. Wife’s counsel subsequently withdrew from representation in August

2012, and Wife proceeded pro se.

{¶3} On January 9, 2013, the parties attended a hearing before the magistrate. The

magistrate’s journal entry indicates that both parties were present, and reported that all disputed

issues had been resolved. The magistrate, therefore, set the case for an uncontested final hearing

on January 30, 2013. The order is signed by both parties. Husband’s counsel subsequently 2

moved to continue the uncontested final hearing, which the trial court granted, and rescheduled

the hearing for February 20, 2013. The hearing was further continued until March 6, 2013.

{¶4} The journal entry from the March 6, 2013, hearing indicates that the parties failed

to reach an agreement, so the magistrate set the matter for trial in May 2013, and scheduled a

settlement conference for April 2, and a final pretrial for April 26. The order purports to be

signed by both parties. According to Wife, however, she did not attend the March 6 hearing

because she never received notice of it, and the signature that appears on the related journal entry

is not authentic.

{¶5} Wife did not attend the settlement conference on April 2, 2013, nor did she file a

settlement conference statement. The court, therefore, set the matter for an uncontested final

hearing, which Wife also did not attend. As a result, the magistrate granted Husband a divorce

and dismissed Wife’s counterclaim for lack of prosecution. Husband waived his right to service

of the magistrate’s decision, as well as his right to file objections. The court then issued its

judgment entry of divorce on April 29, 2013. On August 21, 2013, the trial court – on its own

initiative under Civil Rule 60(A) – issued a nunc pro tunc journal entry correcting a number of

errors contained in its original judgment entry of divorce.

{¶6} According to Wife, she contacted the court in September 2013 to obtain a status

update on the case and was informed that the case was closed. She asserts that she was never

served with a copy of the original judgment entry of divorce, nor the subsequent nunc pro tunc

entry, and that the clerk of courts told her that the court did not have her correct address. She

then filed a change of address with the clerk, and obtained a copy of the original judgment entry

of divorce. 3

{¶7} Wife retained counsel in April 2014, who assisted her with several post-decree

matters. That attorney withdrew from representation in September 2014. Wife then retained

new counsel in October 2014, and in November 2014, Wife filed a motion for relief from

judgment from the divorce decree journalized in April 2013, and the subsequent nunc pro tunc

entry journalized in August, 2013. In support of her motion, Wife argued that she did not attend

the March 6, 2013, hearing or subsequent court dates because she never received notice of them,

and that the trial court sent several notices to the wrong address. She further argued that: (1) the

April 2013 divorce decree was final, but not appealable, because it failed to contain the required

endorsement under Rule 58(B) (i.e., a direction to the clerk to serve all parties not in default for

failure to appear notice of the judgment and its date of entry upon the journal), and she was never

served with a copy; (2) the trial court’s nunc pro tunc entry made substantive changes, thus

violating Rule 60(A); (3) the trial court’s nunc pro tunc entry did not comply with Rule 58(B),

and she was never served with a copy; (4) the trial court’s nunc pro tunc entry was based upon ex

parte communications with Husband, who perpetrated a fraud on the trial court by claiming to be

the father of both of Wife’s children; and (5) she never waived her right to service of the

magistrate’s decision nor her right to file objections to same.

{¶8} The trial court held a hearing and denied Wife’s motion, finding, in part, that: (1)

her contention that she was not present for the March 6, 2013, hearing was not supported by the

weight of the evidence; (2) she was notified that the January 30, 2013, hearing was continued

until March 6, 2013; (3) she appeared in court on March 6, 2013, and signed the journal entry,

which set forth two new hearing dates and times (i.e., the settlement conference on April 2, 2013,

and the final pretrial on April 26, 2013); (4) she did not attend the settlement conference, and the

April 26, 2013, final pretrial proceeded as an uncontested final hearing; (5) she did not attend the 4

uncontested final hearing despite being duly notified; and (6) her testimony lacked credibility.

The trial court did not address Wife’s argument regarding its alleged failure to comply with Rule

58(B), among other arguments.

{¶9} Wife now appeals the denial of her motion for relief from judgment, presenting

one assignment of error for our review.

II.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AND ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY DENYING THE MOTION FOR RELIEF FROM JUDGMENT.

{¶10} In her assignment of error, Wife argues that the trial court erred by denying her

motion for relief from judgment. We review a trial court’s decision to grant or deny a Rule

60(B) motion under an abuse of discretion standard. Eisel v. Austin, 9th Dist. Lorain No.

09CA009653, 2010-Ohio-816, ¶ 13. Rule 60(B) provides as follows:

On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party or his legal representative from a final judgment, order or proceeding for the following reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(B); (3) fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment has been satisfied, released or discharged, or a prior judgment upon which it is based has been reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the judgment should have prospective application; or (5) any other reason justifying relief from the judgment. The motion shall be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2) and (3) not more than one year after the judgment, order or proceeding was entered or taken. A motion under this subdivision (B) does not affect the finality of a judgment or suspend its operation.

{¶11} “To prevail on a motion brought under Civ.R. 60(B), the movant must

demonstrate that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim to present if relief is granted;

(2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5); 5

and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time, and, where the grounds of relief are Civ.R.

60(B)(1), (2) or (3), not more than one year after the judgment, order or proceeding was entered

or taken.” GTE Automatic Elec., Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146 (1976), at

paragraph two of the syllabus.

{¶12} Wife filed her motion for relief from judgment under Rule 60(B)(5) on November

24, 2014, more than one year after the trial court issued its judgment entry of divorce (April 29,

2013) and subsequent nunc pro tunc entry (August 21, 2013). Despite being captioned as a

motion under Rule 60(B)(5), Wife argued, in part, that her Husband perpetrated a fraud upon the

trial court. A claim of fraud, however, falls under Rule 60(B)(3) and must be brought within one

year after the judgment. See Caruso-Ciresi, Inc. v. Lohman, 5 Ohio St.3d 64 (1983), at

paragraph one of the syllabus (stating that Rule 60(B)(5) “is not to be used as a substitute for any

of the other more specific provisions of Civ.R. 60(B).”). Accordingly, the trial court did not err

by declining to address her untimely argument.

{¶13} Further, Wife’s arguments that relief was proper because the nunc pro tunc entry

contained substantive changes and because she never waived service of the magistrate’s decision

or her right to object to same relied upon evidence in the record and are matters for a direct

appeal. The trial court, therefore, did not err by declining to address those arguments. Yakubik

v. Yakubik, 9th Dist. Summit No. 19587, 2000 WL 327229, *2 (Mar. 29, 2000) (“It is axiomatic

that Civ.R. 60(B) may not be used as a substitute for a direct appeal.”).

{¶14} Further yet, Wife’s argument that the absence of a Rule 58(B) endorsement on the

divorce decree rendered it a final, but not appealable order, lacked merit. As this Court has

stated, the trial court’s failure to endorse its judgment entry as required under Rule 58(B) results

in the time for filing an appeal being tolled. Malmon-Berg v. Malmon-Berg, 9th Dist. Wayne 6

No. 13CA0005, 2014-Ohio-1784, ¶ 12; Blair v. Wallace, 9th Dist. Summit No. 24819, 2010-

Ohio-2734, ¶ 13. Service under Rule 58(B) does not affect the validity or finality of the

judgment. Civ.R. 58 (stating that “[t]he failure of the clerk to serve notice does not affect the

validity of the judgment * * *.”); State ex rel. Young v. Gall, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 102983,

2015-Ohio-3481, ¶ 3 (stating that failure to comply with Rule 58(B) does not affect the finality

of the order). Therefore, Rule 60(B) is not a proper vehicle or method to contest or address the

validity of Rule 58(B) service.

{¶15} We turn, then, to Wife’s argument that she did not receive notice of certain

hearings. See Credit Trust Corp. v. Wright, 9th Dist. Summit No. 20649, 2002 WL 185271, *3

(Feb. 6, 2002) (noting that failure of service constitutes good grounds for a trial court to vacate a

judgment under Rule 60(B)(5)). This Court has held that “an uncontradicted sworn statement is

ordinarily sufficient to overcome a presumption that notice sent was actually received.” Mtge.

Electronic Registration Sys., Inc. v. Akpele, 9th Dist. Summit No. 21822, 2004-Ohio-3411, ¶ 13.

This, however, does not preclude the opposing party from requesting a hearing on the issue and

eliciting contradictory testimony. First Merit Bank v. Wood, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 09CA009586,

2010-Ohio-1339, ¶ 10. At such a hearing, “[t]he trial court may find that the evidence of non-

service lacks credibility or that there is insufficient evidence of non-service.” In re H.T., 9th

Dist. Summit No. 24087, 2008-Ohio-3436, ¶ 21. Importantly, “[a]ctual service need not be

proved in order to contradict even a sworn affidavit attesting to non-service.” Id.

{¶16} Here, Wife submitted a sworn statement averring, in part, that: (1) she was not

present in court on March 6, 2013, because she never received notice of that hearing date; (2)

although the judgment entry from March 6, 2013, purportedly bears her signature, she did not

sign it; (3) she did not attend the April 2, 2013 or April 24, 2013 court dates (both of which dates 7

were included in the court’s March 6, 2013, journal entry) because she was not notified of those

dates. At the hearing on her motion, Wife testified that someone must have defrauded the court

by forging her signature on the March 6, 2013, journal entry. Wife, however, acknowledged that

the court’s docket indicated that it served her with the March 6, 2013, journal entry and that the

court’s file did not contain a returned envelope indicating that service was not perfected.

{¶17} As previously noted, the trial court denied Wife’s motion, concluding that her

testimony regarding her failure to receive notice of certain hearings lacked credibility. The trial

court’s credibility determination is entitled to considerable deference and we will not disturb that

determination on appeal. State v. Adams, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 05CA008685, 2005-Ohio-4360, ¶

14, quoting State v. Belter, 9th Dist. Medina No. 2888-M, 1999 WL 642907, * 5 (Aug. 25,

1999); N. Ridgeville v. Elliott, 9th Dist. Lorain, Nos. 05CA008686, 05CA008687, 2006-Ohio-

3332, ¶ 15. We cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion by denying Wife’s motion for

relief from judgment on that basis. In re H.T. at ¶ 21. Accordingly, Wife’s assignment of error

is overruled.

III.

{¶18} Ms. Witherspoon’s assignment of error is overruled. The judgment of the Lorain

County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, is affirmed.

Judgment affirmed.

There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common

Pleas, County of Lorain, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy of

this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27. 8

Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of

judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the

period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is

instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the

mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.

Costs taxed to Appellant.

JENNIFER HENSAL FOR THE COURT

CARR, P. J. SCHAFER, J. CONCUR.

APPEARANCES:

BRENT L. ENGLISH, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.

PATRICK D. RILEY, Attorney at Law, for Appellee.