Witgenstein v. SCHOOL BD. OF LEON CTY.

347 So. 2d 1069
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJune 30, 1977
DocketCC-17
StatusPublished
Cited by20 cases

This text of 347 So. 2d 1069 (Witgenstein v. SCHOOL BD. OF LEON CTY.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Witgenstein v. SCHOOL BD. OF LEON CTY., 347 So. 2d 1069 (Fla. Ct. App. 1977).

Opinion

347 So.2d 1069 (1977)

Judith WITGENSTEIN and Susan Still, Petitioners,
v.
The SCHOOL BOARD OF LEON COUNTY, Florida, a Body Corporate, Respondent.

No. CC-17.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, First District.

June 30, 1977.
Rehearing Denied August 4, 1977.

*1070 Richard H. Frank, Frank & Meyer, Tampa, for petitioners.

C. Graham Carothers, Michael P. Dodson, Ausley, McMullen, McGehee, Carothers & Proctor, Tallahassee, for respondent.

ERVIN, Judge.

This is a petition for writ of certiorari to review an order of the School Board of Leon County declining to accord administrative hearings to petitioners which we treat as a petition for review. Petitioners were employed by the Board pursuant to annual contracts[1] of employment for the school years of 1972-1973, 1973-1974 and 1974-1975. Witgenstein was notified by letter dated March 21, 1975, from her principal that her contract would not be renewed for an additional year; Still by letter dated March 23, 1975. Petitioners were informed that the decision not to recommend them for further employment was based upon their principals' intention to "obtain the services of another person whose qualifications would better meet the needs of the District."

Witgenstein then filed a grievance which alleged that both her evaluation and the manner in which it was effectuated were not carried out in compliance with evaluation procedure. Witgenstein's grievance was processed through each level of the grievance procedure and was finally denied by the Board on June 24, 1975. Witgenstein had complained that she was not properly evaluated or apprised of purported deficiencies in her teaching performance and therefore she should be accorded another year of employment during which time she would be properly evaluated. Unlike Witgenstein, Still chose not to file a grievance but instead sought assistance from her bargaining representative, the Leon County Classroom Teacher's Association, which appeared with her before the School Board and objected to the manner in which Still was evaluated and requested that she be accorded another year of employment. Still was also denied relief.

Each petitioner then brought action in the Leon County Circuit Court against their respective principals, the superintendent and the Board. Each action was based upon negligence and breach of contract, seeking damages and a judgment reinstating them to another year of employment during which time they would be properly evaluated. The Board moved to dismiss the complaints on the ground that the plaintiffs sought review of final agency action for which review lies in the First District Court of Appeal, or if petitioners had not received full agency action, they had failed to exhaust their administrative remedies. The court granted the motion to dismiss Witgenstein's complaint upon the failure to exhaust her administrative remedies, or alternatively, if she pursued a grievance procedure, review would properly lie in the appeals court. Still's action was also dismissed by the circuit court for failure to exhaust her administrative remedies.

*1071 Each petitioner then filed a petition with the Board requesting that she be re-employed for an additional school year due to the supervisory staff's failure to evaluate them properly in accordance with existing evaluation policy. The Board's denial of relief was based upon three separate grounds: (1) That it lacked the jurisdiction to grant the relief requested since it was the prerogative of the superintendent — not the Board — to nominate members of the instructional staff and that it could hire teachers upon its own initiative only (a) if it rejected for good cause three nominations made by the superintendent for a particular position, or (b) if the superintendent failed to make his nomination within six weeks before the close of the post-school conference. (2) That having taken judicial notice of its rules, the Board found it had not adopted any rule pertaining to an evaluation policy of instructional staff; therefore the policy never having been adopted, it "never became a part of Petitioners' contracts." (3) That since petitioners had already grieved their complaints before the Board, they received final agency action. Petitioners then appealed the Board's order, seeking an evidentiary hearing on the allegations contained in their petitions.

We hold, for the reasons stated infra, that if there exist disputed issues of material facts as to whether the assessment procedure set forth under Section 231.29, Florida Statutes (1975) was not followed, petitioners are then entitled to an evidentiary hearing as provided by Section 120.57(1), Florida Statutes (Supp. 1976).[2] If petitioners, under the circumstances outlined, are entitled to an evidentiary hearing on the merits of their petitions pursuant to Section 120.57(1), then we must necessarily hold that the District School Board is an agency which is subject to the operation of the Administrative Procedure Act.

Section 120.52(1)(c) states in part:

"(1) `Agency' means:
* * * * * *
(c) Each other unit of government in the state, including counties and municipalities to the extent they are expressly made subject to this act by general or special law or existing judicial decisions."

Since a local school district is not defined under Section 120.52(1)(c) as an agency, it is essential to look elsewhere to determine whether it is subject to the operation of the Act. Section 120.53(1)(d), pertaining to the adoption of rules of the scheduling of meetings, hearings and workshops, etc., provides in part:

"The agenda for a special meeting of a district school board under authority of S. 230.16 shall be prepared upon the calling of the meeting, but not less than 48 hours prior to such meeting."

Section 120.54(1)(a), relating to the adoption procedures of an agency's rules, sets forth the procedure relating to notice of intent by an educational unit to adopt, amend or repeal any rule not described in subsection (8) of Section 120.54. It was obviously the legislative intent to include local school districts within the operation of Chapter 120. This conclusion is also supported by reference to judicial authorities.

Prior to the revision of the A.P.A, effective January 1, 1975, the Supreme Court in Board of Public Instruction v. State ex rel. Allen, 219 So.2d 430 (Fla. 1969), specifically held that a county school board is an agency within the purview of Section 120.09, Florida Statutes (1967). See also Canney v. Board of Public Instruction of Alachua Co., 222 So.2d 803, 804 (Fla. 1st DCA 1969), where we held that "a county school board is a state agency within the contemplation of Chapter 120, ... for the purpose of reviewing the final administrative quasi-judicial order." In the later case of Canney v. Board of Public Instruction of Alachua County, 278 So.2d 260, 263 (Fla. 1973), the Supreme Court stated that the legislature had delegated via the A.P.A. quasi-judicial powers to school boards. Finally in School Board of Flagler County v. Hauser, 293 So.2d 681 (Fla. 1974), the court held that a *1072 school teacher who had formerly been placed on continuing contract and was later placed on annual contract had a right to exhaust her administrative remedies by obtaining the hearing required by Section 120.22, Florida Statutes (1973).[3]

There is no statutory or judicial authority which suggests that a school superintendent is an agency subject to the provisions of the A.P.A.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Schimenti v. School Board of Hernando County
73 So. 3d 831 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2011)
Davis v. School Bd. of Gadsden County
646 So. 2d 766 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1994)
Ago
Florida Attorney General Reports, 1994
Ashcraft v. District Board of Trustees
615 So. 2d 271 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1993)
Mitchell v. Leon County School Bd.
591 So. 2d 1032 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1991)
Lambert v. Rogers
454 So. 2d 672 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1984)
Collins v. Commander
436 So. 2d 1034 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1983)
Pelham v. SUPERINTENDENT OF SCH. BD. OF WAKULLA CTY.
436 So. 2d 951 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1983)
Martin v. SCHOOL BD. OF GADSDEN CTY.
432 So. 2d 588 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1983)
Cortese v. School Bd. of Palm Beach Cty.
425 So. 2d 554 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1982)
Johnson v. SCH. BD. OF PALM BEACH CTY
403 So. 2d 520 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1981)
Zorick v. Tynes
372 So. 2d 133 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1979)
SCHOOL BD. OF BROWARD CTY. v. Constant
363 So. 2d 859 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1978)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
347 So. 2d 1069, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/witgenstein-v-school-bd-of-leon-cty-fladistctapp-1977.