Wisely v. SYSCO Foods

972 S.W.2d 315, 1998 WL 150698
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 31, 1998
DocketNo. 72829
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 972 S.W.2d 315 (Wisely v. SYSCO Foods) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Wisely v. SYSCO Foods, 972 S.W.2d 315, 1998 WL 150698 (Mo. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinion

RICHARD B. TEITELMAN, Judge.

Sysco Foods (Employer) appeals from an award entered by the Labor and Industrial Relations Commission (Commission) providing for workers’ compensation benefits for Joseph Wisely (Claimant). The Commission determined that Claimant’s- injury resulted from an accident arising out of and in the course and scope of his employment as required by Section 287.120 RSMo 1994. Employer claims the Commission erred because the evidence shows Claimant was injured while engaging in horseplay. We affirm.

Claimant worked as a fork lift/pallet jack operator and his duties consisted of moving pallets of food products from the warehouse to the dock area and loading them onto waiting trucks for distribution. On March 21, 1996, Claimant was operating a double pallet jack traveling behind a co-employee, Jack Denouden, who was operating a picker. A picker is similar to a forklift, except the forks of the picker are in the back of the equipment. Claimant stated that he observed an empty pallet sliding off Denouden’s picker and he kicked the pallet back on the forks. Denouden stopped suddenly by removing his foot from the deadman switch, causing the brakes to screech. Claimant was unable to stop and a collision occurred, injuring Claimant’s leg. Denouden testified that he stopped so quickly because he heard his pallet fall off his picker. As he turned around to see what had occurred, he removed his foot from the deadman switch, causing the picker to come to a sudden stop.

After the investigation, Employer concluded the injury was due to horseplay and that claimant had removed and dropped Denouden’s pallet as a prank. The sound of the pallet hitting the ground had caused Denouden to stop suddenly, causing the accident. At the hearing Denouden testified that he believed Claimant had pulled the pallet off the picker as a practical joke. He stated that this was a commonly known practical joke in his business. Denouden stated that he had personally pulled empty pallets off of pallet jacks as a practical joke and had seen others do it as well. He cited other types of horseplay at the warehouse, such as chasing co-workers with pallet jacks, kicking wood in front of moving vehicles, and stopping short to scare someone following. He said he had personally engaged in these acts of horseplay. He further testified that acts of horseplay were not an unusual occurrence and in fact were fairly common at Employer’s warehouse.

Robert Mooney, director of Human Resources for Employer, testified that Employer had a zero tolerance for horseplay activities at work. However, in his 27 years of experience working in a warehouse, he admitted horseplay was present. He said he was unaware of any prior act of horseplay by Claimant or a tendency on Claimant’s part to engage in horseplay.

The Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) found that Claimant had suffered the injury to his left leg as a result of engaging in a practical joke, or act of horseplay, of pulling [317]*317the empty pallet off of Denouden’s picker. Even so, the ALJ found that horseplay was so pervasive at the warehouse, it had become a regular incident of employment there and thus, Claimant was injured in the course of his employment with Employer. Employer appealed to the Commission, who affirmed the ALJ’s award and adopted her findings of fact and conclusions of law. Employer now appeals to this court.

In its point on appeal, Employer contends the Commission erred in awarding benefits because no evidence was presented regarding Employer’s knowledge of Claimant’s proclivity to engage in horseplay.

The scope of appellate review of a Commission decision is set forth in Section 287.495 RSMo 1994, as follows:

The court, on appeal, shall review only questions of law and may modify, reverse, remand for rehearing, or set aside the award upon any of the following grounds and no other:
(1) That the commission acted without or in excess of its powers;
(2) That the award was procured by fraud;
(8) That the facts found by the commission do not support the award;
(4) That there was not sufficient competent evidence in the record to warrant the making of the award.

In reviewing the evidence, the Court of Appeals disregards evidence which might support a finding different from that of the Commission. Cruzan v. City of Paris, 922 S.W.2d 473, 475 (Mo.App. E.D.1996). In addition, we review the evidence in the light most favorable to the Commission’s ruling. Bergmeyer v. Queen’s Supermarkets, 878 S.W.2d 60, 61 (Mo.App. E.D.1994).

Traditionally, Missouri courts generally provided that injuries sustained during horseplay were not compensable. Peet v. Garner Oil Co., 492 S.W.2d 108, 107 (Mo. App.1973). However, in Peet, the Kansas City District of the Missouri Court of Appeals affirmed the Commission’s award of workers’ compensation benefits to a 17-year-old employee, Peet, who was injured as a voluntary participant in horseplay. Id. at 109. Peet worked as an attendant at the employer’s service station. One evening the supervisor left him and another boy, Shelton, to close the station. Shelton threw a sponge at Peet, causing Peet to fall over a water bucket. Peet was not injured in the fall, but chased Shelton with the water bucket toward the entrance to the station. At the entrance, Shelton closed the glass door. Peet tripped over a ledge and his left arm went through a glass panel in the door, resulting in injuries.

In sustaining the award of benefits, the appellate court found “if the injury is sustained in horseplay which has become an ‘incident or risk of the employment,’ it is compensable even for the aggressor or voluntary participant.” Id. at 107. In doing so, the appellate court apparently adopted the so-called “New York” rule, based on the New York case, Industrial Commissioner v. McCarthy, 295 N.Y. 443, 68 N.E.2d 434 (1946).

In finding that horseplay was an incident to employment, the Court noted substantial evidence of frequent horseplay by Peet and other boys working at the station with some continuity in practice. Peet, at 109. The Court further stated that the supervisor’s warning to stop horseplay established the existence of horseplay and the supervisor’s knowledge of it. Id. Moreover, the Court said:

The employer also was charged with the knowledge that when two 17-year old boys were left in charge of the station and due to periods of inactivity between customers, horseplay or fooling around was human nature and almost inevitable and, in fact, would become an incident of the employment or a risk or hazard thereof.

Id.

After Peed, the Southern District of the Missouri Court of Appeals affirmed another award of workers’ compensation benefits to an employee injured as a result of horseplay. Pullum v. Hudson Foods, Inc., 871 S.W.2d 94, 98 (Mo.App. S.D.1994). In that case, Pullum and several other employees were trimming chickens with poultry scissors. The chickens were packed in boxes of ice.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Hampton v. Big Boy Steel Erection
121 S.W.3d 220 (Supreme Court of Missouri, 2003)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
972 S.W.2d 315, 1998 WL 150698, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wisely-v-sysco-foods-moctapp-1998.