Wiley v. Shank & Flattery, Inc.

848 S.W.2d 2, 1992 Mo. App. LEXIS 1795, 1992 WL 348929
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedDecember 1, 1992
DocketNo. WD 46182
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 848 S.W.2d 2 (Wiley v. Shank & Flattery, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Wiley v. Shank & Flattery, Inc., 848 S.W.2d 2, 1992 Mo. App. LEXIS 1795, 1992 WL 348929 (Mo. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

TURNAGE, Judge.

Daniel Wiley filed a claim for benefits under the Workers’ Compensation Law as a result of injuries sustained while he was employed by Jefferson Smurfit Corporation. While his claim for compensation was pending, Wiley filed this suit for common law tort against James Keeley, the Plant Superintendent of Jefferson Smurfit, and Neil Shank and Shank & Flattery, Inc., and Advantage Health Care, Inc., claiming that all those parties interfered with the medical treatment that he should have received for his injuries. The trial court dismissed the petition on the ground that Wiley’s exclusive remedy was under the Workers’ Compensation Law. On appeal, Wiley contends that he stated a cause of action for personal liability against each of the defendants. Affirmed.

Wiley alleged that he was employed by Jefferson Smurfit as a pressman and that Keeley was the Plant Manager. He alleged that Shank and Shank & Flattery and Advantage Health were all acting for Jefferson Smurfit at its express direction and control. In Count I, Wiley alleged that he had been diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome resulting from his work at Jefferson Smurfit and that his physician had scheduled him for surgery. He alleged that Keeley canceled his scheduled surgery and caused Advantage Health to unlawfully interfere with Wiley’s medical treatment. He alleged that as a result of action taken by Advantage Health his right to treatment under the Workers’ Compensation Law was delayed and his health was endangered. Wiley sought actual and punitive damages in that Count.

In Count II, Wiley alleged that Keeley and Shank and Shank & Flattery interfered with his care and treatment by requiring Wiley to return to his job and thereby he was prevented from following the advice of his physician for his care and treatment. He alleged that he had been required to continue work when he was physically unable to do so. He sought actual and punitive damages in that Count.

In Count III, Wiley alleged that Keeley and Advantage Health mistreated him as alleged in Counts I and II and deprived him of treatment prescribed by his physician. He alleged that by interfering with his prescribed treatment Keeley and Advantage Health tortiously interfered with his [4]*4rights and expectancy of employment. He sought actual and punitive damages in that Count.

In Count IV, Wiley alleged that Keeley and Shank and Shank & Flattery mistreated him as alleged in Counts I and II and threatened him with loss of employment for his insistence on treatment as prescribed by the physician and that they in--terfered with the prescribed treatment and this conduct interfered with Wiley’s right and expectancy of employment by Jefferson Smurfit. He sought actual and punitive damages in that Count also.

The court dismissed the petition on the ground that Wiley’s exclusive remedy was under the Workers’ Compensation Law. In Killian v. J & J Installers, Inc., 802 S.W.2d 158, 160 (Mo. banc 1991), the court quoted from Jones v. Jay Truck Driver Training Center, Inc., 709 S.W.2d 114, 115 (Mo. banc 1986), as follows: “The Worker’s Compensation Law is wholly substitutional in character and ... any rights which a plaintiff might have had at common law have been supplanted and superseded by the act, if applicable.” The test of whether or not Wiley’s petition states a cause of action for common law tort is whether or not the Workers’ Compensation Law provides for relief for the acts Wiley charges those he sued with committing.

In Count I, Wiley essentially alleges that Keeley and Advantage Health interfered with his right to treatment for his injury which he suffered in the course of his employment. Section 287.1401 provides that the employer shall provide such medical treatment as may reasonably be required to cure the employee’s injuries. Birschkus v. Krey Packing Co., 464 S.W.2d 545, 546[1] (Mo.App.1971) stated that the duty of the employer to provide the medical treatment required by the statute is unqualified and absolute. In Sheehan v. Springfield Seed & Floral, Inc., 733 S.W.2d 795, 798[3] (Mo.App.1987), it was held that when an employer has notice that an employee needs treatment or when an employer fails to furnish medical treatment which is demanded by the employee, the employer will be held responsible for medical treatment. Count I pleaded an interference with Wiley’s right to treatment which is tantamount to an allegation that the employer through its agents denied Wiley the treatment the Workers’ Compensation Law gave him. He had a remedy under that law as held in Sheehan.

Essentially, Wiley pleaded in Count I that Keeley and Advantage Health were acting within the scope of their authority as agents of Jefferson Smurfit and as such delayed the treatment which Wiley was entitled to receive under the Workers’ Compensation Law. In Biller v. Big John Tree Transplanter Mfg. & Truck Sales, Inc., 795 S.W.2d 630, 633[6] (Mo.App.1990), this court held that immunity from civil suit is available to the employer and its agents who are acting to discharge a duty owed by the employer. Here, Wiley alleged that Keeley and Advantage Health were agents of the employer. As such, they are immune from suit for an alleged violation of a duty imposed on the employer to provide medical treatment as held in Biller.

Wiley contends that personal liability may be imposed upon co-employees of an injured worker. Craft v. Scaman, 715 S.W.2d 531, 537[5, 6] (Mo.App.1986), held that tort liability may be imposed upon a corporate officer for affirmative acts taken by the officer outside the scope of the employer’s responsibility which breaches a personal duty of care which the officer owes to a fellow employee. The difficulty of Wiley's position is his failure to plead that Keeley or Advantage Health acted outside of the scope of the responsibility of Jefferson Smurfit to Wiley and in so doing breached a personal duty of care which they owed to Wiley. Absent such allegations the petition does not state a cause of action against Keeley or Advantage Health.

If Wiley felt that he was not receiving the medical care Jefferson Smurfit was obliged to furnish he could have requested the Division of Workers’ Compensation to change his physician as provided in § 287.-140.2. Wiley had a remedy under the Workers’ Compensation Law for inadequate treatment. Section 287.120.2 pro-

[5]*5vides that the rights and remedies granted to an employee under the Workers’ Compensation Law shall exclude all other rights and remedies of the employee at common law or otherwise. Because Wiley had a remedy under the Workers’ Compensation Law for any inadequate medical care, whether caused by the physician or by Jefferson Smurfit or its agents, Wiley’s exclusive remedy is under the Workers’ Compensation Law.

The above reasoning applies to Count II which contained much the same allegations as Count I except as to Keeley and Shank and Shank & Flattery.

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Bluebook (online)
848 S.W.2d 2, 1992 Mo. App. LEXIS 1795, 1992 WL 348929, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wiley-v-shank-flattery-inc-moctapp-1992.