Wheeling-Pittsburgh v. Mitsui & Company

Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided July 25, 2000·No. 99-3741·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

:+((/,1*3,776%85*+ ; 67((/ &25325$7,21  3ODLQWLII$SSHOODQW   1R  Y !   0,768, &2 ,1&  0$58%(1, $0(5,&$  &25325$7,21DQG,72&+8  ,17(51$7,21$/ ,1&   'HIHQGDQWV$SSHOOHHV  1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH6RXWKHUQ'LVWULFWRI2KLRDW&ROXPEXV 1Rn(GPXQG$6DUJXVsU'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG$SULO 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHGsXO\ %HIRUH.(11('<6,/(5DQG%$7&+(/'(5&LUFXLW sXGJHV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ $5*8('  6WHYHQ 0 6FKQHHEDXP 3$7721 %2**6 :DVKLQJWRQ '& IRU $SSHOODQW  &KULVWRSKHU /DQGDX

  :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO 1R Y0LWVXL &RHWDO

.,5./$1'  (//,6 :DVKLQJWRQ '& IRU $SSHOOHHV 21%5,()6WHYHQ06FKQHHEDXP3$7721%2**6 :DVKLQJWRQ'&7LPRWK\$)U\3HUF\6TXLUH%5,&.(5 (&./(5&ROXPEXV2KLR IRU$SSHOODQW&KULVWRSKHU /DQGDX.HQQHWK*:HLJHO3DXO)%ULQNPDQ.,5./$1' (//,6:DVKLQJWRQ'&0DULRQ+/LWWOHsU'RXJODV5 &ROH=(,*(5 &$53(17(5&ROXPEXV2KLR:LOOLDP $6LOYHUPDQ/HLY+%ODG5LFKDUG3)HUULQ52*(56 :(//6:DVKLQJWRQ'&5RJHU36XJDUPDQ.(*/(5 %52:1 +,//  5,77(5 &ROXPEXV 2KLR 0LOWRQ 5 :RIIRUG sU + 6WHSKHQ +DUULV sU $/6721  %,5' $WODQWD*HRUJLDIRU$SSHOOHHVsDPHV$'RQDKXH2)),&( 2)7+($77251(<*(1(5$/+DUULVEXUJ3HQQV\OYDQLD 0LWFKHOO / *HQWLOH 2)),&( 2) 7+( $77251(< *(1(5$/ &255(&7,216 /,7,*$7,21 6(&7,21 &ROXPEXV2KLRIRU$PLFL&XULDH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 6,/(5&LUFXLWsXGJH3ODLQWLII:KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO &RUS m:KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJKl ILOHGVXLWDJDLQVWGHIHQGDQWV 0LWVXL  &R ,QF 0DUXEHQL $PHULFD &RUS DQG ,WRFKX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QFXQGHUWKH$QWLGXPSLQJ$FWRI mWKH  $FWl   86& †  VHHNLQJ GDPDJHV DV ZHOO DV LQMXQFWLYHUHOLHIWRHQMRLQWKHGHIHQGDQWVIURPLPSRUWLQJKRW UROOHG VWHHO LQWR WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV  ,Q UHVSRQVH WR D SUHOLPLQDU\ PRWLRQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW KHOG WKDW LQMXQFWLYH UHOLHI LV QRW DYDLODEOH XQGHU WKH  $FW ZKHUHXSRQ :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK ILOHG WKLV  LQWHUORFXWRU\ DSSHDO  :H DIILUP ,%$&.*5281' :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK D GRPHVWLF SURGXFHU RI KRWUROOHG VWHHODOOHJHVWKDWWKHGHIHQGDQWVLPSRUWHUVRIVXFKVWHHODUH VHOOLQJ KRWUROOHG VWHHO LQ 2KLR DQG RWKHU VWDWHV DW SULFHV VXEVWDQWLDOO\OHVVWKDQWKHDFWXDOPDUNHWYDOXHLQYLRODWLRQRI 1R :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO  Y0LWVXL &RHWDO

WKH  $FW  ,Q LWV DPHQGHG FRPSODLQW :KHHOLQJ 3LWWVEXUJKUHTXHVWHGWUHEOHGDPDJHVDWWRUQH\VjIHHVDQGFRVWV :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJKDOVRVRXJKW >3@UHOLPLQDU\ DQG SHUPDQHQW LQMXQFWLYH UHOLHI EDUULQJ GHIHQGDQWV IURP LPSRUWLQJ VHOOLQJ RU FDXVLQJ WR EH LPSRUWHG RU VROG KRWUROOHG VWHHO ZLWKLQ 2KLR DQG WKH 8QLWHG6WDWHVDWSULFHVZKLFKDUHVXEVWDQWLDOO\OHVVWKDQ WKH DFWXDO PDUNHW YDOXH RU ZKROHVDOH SULFH RI WKH KRW UROOHGVWHHODWWKHWLPHRIH[SRUWDWLRQWR2KLRDQGWKH 8QLWHG6WDWHVLQWKHSULQFLSDOPDUNHWVRIWKHFRXQWU\RI WKHLUSURGXFWLRQRURIRWKHUIRUHLJQFRXQWULHVWRZKLFK WKH\DUHFRPPRQO\H[SRUWHGDIWHUDGGLQJWRVXFKPDUNHW YDOXHRUZKROHVDOHSULFHIUHLJKWGXW\DQGRWKHUFKDUJHV DQGH[SHQVHVQHFHVVDULO\LQFLGHQWWRWKHLPSRUWDWLRQDQG VDOHLQ2KLRDQGWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV

 3DVVHG DV D VPDOO SDUW RI WKH 5HYHQXH $FW FK   6WDW    WKH  $FW ZDV LQWHQGHG WR GLVFRXUDJH XQIDLU SUHGDWRU\ SUDFWLFHV E\ IRUHLJQ FRPSHWLWRUV 7KH  $FW VWDWHV

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

 86& †  :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK DOVR EURXJKW VWDWH FODLPV DJDLQVW WKH GHIHQGDQWV IRU XQIDLU PHWKRGV RI FRPSHWLWLRQ DQG WRUWLRXV LQWHUIHUHQFH ZLWK EXVLQHVV UHODWLRQVKLSV  :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO 1R 1R :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO  Y0LWVXL &RHWDO Y0LWVXL &RHWDO

'HIHQGDQWVPRYHGWRVWULNH:KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJKjVGHPDQG WUHEOHGDPDJHVDWWRUQH\VjIHHVDQGFRVWV)HGHUDOFRXUWVODFN IRU LQMXQFWLYH UHOLHI DQG :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK PRYHG IRU D DXWKRULW\WRHQMRLQFRQGXFWWKDWYLRODWHVRUPD\YLRODWHWKH SUHOLPLQDU\LQMXQFWLRQSHQGLQJDILQDOWULDORQWKHPHULWVRI $FW WKH DFWLRQ  ,Q OLJKW RI WKH FRPSUHKHQVLYH DGPLQLVWUDWLYH VFKHPHHQDFWHGE\&RQJUHVVWRUHJXODWHLQWHUQDWLRQDOWUDGH $)),50(' DQG LOOHJDO GXPSLQJ DQG EHFDXVH WKH VWDWXWH LWVHOI RQO\ SURYLGHV IRU WUHEOH GDPDJHV DWWRUQH\Vj IHHV DQG FRVWV WKH GLVWULFW  FRXUW KHOG  WKDW LW ZDV QRW DXWKRUL]HG WR JUDQW LQMXQFWLYHUHOLHIXQGHUWKH$FW:KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJKjV PRWLRQIRUDSUHOLPLQDU\LQMXQFWLRQZDVVXEVHTXHQWO\GHQLHG DQGWKHGHIHQGDQWVPRWLRQWRVWULNHZDVJUDQWHG:KHHOLQJ 3LWWVEXUJK ILOHG WKLV LQVWDQW DSSHDO SXUVXDQW WR  86& † D   ,,67$1'$5'2)5(9,(: 7KHDYDLODELOLW\RILQMXQFWLYHUHOLHIXQGHUWKH$FWRI LVDOHJDOTXHVWLRQZKLFKPXVWEHUHYLHZHGGHQRYR6HH,Q UH%DNHU *HWW\)LQ6HUYV,QF)G WK&LU   ,,,',6&866,21 7KH$FWSURYLGHVLQUHOHYDQWSDUWWKDWm>D@Q\SHUVRQ LQMXUHGLQKLVEXVLQHVVRUSURSHUW\E\UHDVRQRIDQ\YLRODWLRQ RIRUFRPELQDWLRQRUFRQVSLUDF\WRYLRODWHWKLVVHFWLRQPD\ VXHWKHUHIRULQWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWRIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVIRUWKH GLVWULFWLQZKLFKWKHGHIHQGDQWUHVLGHVRULVIRXQGRUKDVDQ DJHQWZLWKRXWUHVSHFWWRWKHDPRXQWLQFRQWURYHUV\DQGVKDOO UHFRYHUWKUHHIROGWKHGDPDJHVVXVWDLQHGDQGWKHFRVWRIWKH VXLWLQFOXGLQJDUHDVRQDEOHDWWRUQH\ VIHHl86&† HPSKDVLVDGGHG $OWKRXJKWKHVWDWXWHGRHVQRWH[SUHVVO\ SURYLGHIRULQMXQFWLYHUHOLHI:KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJKXUJHVWKLV FRXUWWRXVHLWVLQKHUHQWHTXLWDEOHSRZHUVWRILQGWKDWFRXUWV PD\ HQMRLQ IRUHLJQ FRPSHWLWRUV IURP LOOHJDOO\ GXPSLQJ SURGXFWVLQWRWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV6HH3RUWHUY:DUQHU&R  86    m8QOHVV RWKHUZLVH SURYLGHG E\ VWDWXWHDOOWKHLQKHUHQWHTXLWDEOHSRZHUVRIWKH'LVWULFW&RXUW DUH DYDLODEOHl WR JUDQW LQMXQFWLYH UHOLHI  &DOLIDQR Y  :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO 1R 1R :KHHOLQJ3LWWVEXUJK6WHHO  Y0LWVXL &RHWDO Y0LWVXL &RHWDO

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Wheeling-Pittsburgh v. Mitsui & Company, (6th Cir. 2000).

Wheeling-Pittsburgh v. Mitsui & Company (Wheeling-Pittsburgh v. Mitsui & Company) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.