Whalen v. Whalen

581 S.W.2d 578, 1979 Ky. App. LEXIS 407
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kentucky
DecidedMay 11, 1979
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 581 S.W.2d 578 (Whalen v. Whalen) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kentucky primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Whalen v. Whalen, 581 S.W.2d 578, 1979 Ky. App. LEXIS 407 (Ky. Ct. App. 1979).

Opinion

LESTER, Judge.

The parties to this action were married March 6, 1946, and had two children who [579]*579were emancipated. Sometime prior to April 30,1976, the wife filed what was to be an uncontested petition for dissolution of marriage together with an agreed order and property settlement.

On the last mentioned date, the original case was set for hearing, but on April 26, 1976, the parties entered into a reconciliation agreement which resulted in the dismissal of the pending divorce action. The agreement contemplated a resumption of the marital relationship, but it also provided for a distribution of their property should the reconciliation fail.

Donald testified that part of his work involved the examination of legal documents, and he expressed a familiarity with them. He further stated that he was fully aware of the contents of the agreement and was under no disability during either the negotiations or at the time of execution. From April, 1976, until September, 1977, the parties continued the relationship, but appellant’s mistreatment of Gerry caused her to refile a complaint requesting enforcement of the 1976 agreement which, with certain modifications, the court did. Upon appeal, Donald urges that the contract fails as a separation agreement pursuant to KRS 403.180 since it was entered into attendant upon reconciliation rather than separation, and its provisions were never executed before reconciliation. Moreover, he argues that the document is contrary to public policy in that it fosters divorce actions or in the alternative, if it is valid, then its terms are unconscionable and it should be set aside. In a manner of speaking, it appears Donald’s position is that under existing statutes reconciliation agreements are not recognized. We disagree.

KRS 403.180 neither addresses itself to nor affects or prohibits reconciliation agreements. It is axiomatic in this jurisdiction that the law favors any steps parties may take to settle litigation, especially those which have the effect of reuniting a family. Appellant relies heavily upon King v. King, Ky., 274 S.W.2d 656 (1954), and Gordon v. Gordon, Ky., 335 S.W.2d 561 (1960), to support his position that once a reconciliation agreement has been executed resumption of the marital relationship nullifies the contract. We read those cases as also being authority to the contrary, for in Gordon, quoting from King, the court found that it should look to the intention of the parties to determine whether it was intended that the reconciliation should nullify the property settlement. See 27B C.J.S. Divorce § 301(4) at 417, 418. In domestic relation matters, reconciliation means to us that the parties resume cohabitation, and if appellant’s theory were correct, then we are unable to understand why the Supreme Court recognized such agreements four years after King when it stated in Clark v. Clark, Ky., 425 S.W.2d 745, 748 (1968):

We do not mean to intimate that all separation or property settlement or reconciliation agreements are unenforceable, . . (emphasis added)

In Clark, the document provided in unequivocal terms “the parties shall be divorced” and was interpreted as being contrary to public policy as facilitating the obtainment of a divorce. The consideration for that document was divorce. In the case at bar, the document provided that the agreement, with two exceptions, would become operative “in the event either should hereafter desire and seek a dissolution of their said marriage.” At the time of execution, Donald and Gerry were separated and actually living apart and were but four days away from a hearing of their dissolution case. The consideration was reconciliation which took place and was followed by dismissal of civil action No. 76-548 upon the docket of the court. As Professor Petrilli succinctly put it in his Kentucky Family Law § 19.18, p. 231 at 232 (1969), “[j]ust as the law allows a trial separation, it provides for a trial reconciliation. Thus, the parties being separated, may agree to reconcile on condition that if it does not work a separation agreement entered into at the time of reconciliation then becomes legally effective as to support and custody.” We see no reason why it should not be effective as to all matters provided for therein. These types of agreements should be closely scru[580]*580tinized by the court for overreaching by either party, and in this appeal, the circuit court conducted an in-depth examination of the provisions and found no impropriety.

Insofar as the public policy contention is concerned, we do not believe that the legislature by its enactment of the Uniform Divorce Act or the courts of this jurisdiction have abandoned the sound reasoning of Hite v. Hite, 136 Ky. 529, 124 S.W. 815 (1910), based upon Woodruff v. Woodruff, 121 Ky. 784, 90 S.W. 266, 91 S.W. 265 (1906):

“[I]t simply secured to her something in consideration of her foregoing the rights she then had. * * * It (the law) favors the reconciliation of husband and wife. A contract for the re-establishment of a ruined home is one which equity is swift to approve. Whether the contract in question is contrary to public policy is not to be determined from one clause of it, but from the whole instrument. The contract as a whole does not tend to produce estrangement between husband and wife. The contract brought them together, and, taken as a whole, it is in aid of the marital relation, and is therefore not opposed to public policy, but in accord with it.” Thus its execution is sanctioned by the law, and it should be upheld, unless appellant’s contention that he was deceived in its execution is supported by the proof.

The foregoing finds support in the texts. See 24 Am.Jur.2d Divorce and Separation § 17 at p. 191.

Much is made of the fact that a provision of the agreement was never exe-. cuted in that the parties failed to sell their home and purchase another, but if any defect that failure to act might have been, the circuit court corrected it in its modification of the provision in its final judgment.

Donald says the contract is unconscionable. The trial judge said:

The provision with regard to the insurance trust has not changed in both contracts (meaning the contract filed with the first petition and the reconciliation agreement filed with the second) with the exception of the amount of coverage; I would enforce that. There has been a change in the amount of alimony. At one time in the original settlement contract the figure had been eight hundred; that figure had been changed to six hundred, initialed by the parties. In the contract entered into by the parties to reconcile the marriage, the amount was fixed at seven hundred per month until the death of either the first or second party or until the second party remarries. I will uphold the $700 alimony payment.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Shraberg v. Shraberg
939 S.W.2d 330 (Kentucky Supreme Court, 1997)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
581 S.W.2d 578, 1979 Ky. App. LEXIS 407, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/whalen-v-whalen-kyctapp-1979.