WFC Lynnwood I LLC v. Lee of Raleigh, Inc.

817 S.E.2d 437, 259 N.C. App. 925
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJune 5, 2018
DocketCOA17-562
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 817 S.E.2d 437 (WFC Lynnwood I LLC v. Lee of Raleigh, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
WFC Lynnwood I LLC v. Lee of Raleigh, Inc., 817 S.E.2d 437, 259 N.C. App. 925 (N.C. Ct. App. 2018).

Opinions

CALABRIA, Judge.

*926Where defendants failed to meet their burden when challenging a liquidated damages clause, the trial court did not err in awarding liquidated damages on summary judgment. Where a commercial lease with a reciprocal attorneys' fees provision was executed after the effective date of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 6-21.6, the trial court did not err in awarding attorneys' fees pursuant to that statute. Where guarantors signed a guaranty explicitly noting their liability for outstanding attorneys' fees, the trial court did not err in holding them jointly and severally liable for attorneys' fees. Where there was insufficient evidence to support the trial court's finding that the rates charged by plaintiffs' attorneys were comparable to "the customary fee for like work," we remand for further findings. We affirm in part, vacate in part and remand in part for further findings on the amount of attorneys' fees.

I. Factual and Procedural Background

WFC Lynnwood I LLC and WFC Lynnwood II LLC ("plaintiffs") are Delaware corporations which own the Lynnwood Collection Shopping Center ("Lynnwood Collection") in Wake County. On 26 October 2011, Lee of Raleigh, Inc. ("Lee"), through its president, Sun Ok Hellner ("Hellner"), executed a lease, agreeing to lease space in Lynnwood Collection from plaintiffs. The lease contemplated a 64-month term, to run until 30 September 2017, and as part of the agreement, Lee agreed to conduct business continuously during the term of the lease. The lease also contained a reciprocal attorneys' fees provision for the recovery of fees resulting from litigation. As part of the lease, Hellner and Charles L.

*927Park ("Park") executed a guaranty to the lease, personally guaranteeing Lee's obligations. On 2 November 2015, Lee informed plaintiffs that it *440would cease operating business on 6 November 2015, and would surrender possession of the premises on 7 November 2015. Lee did so.

On 29 December 2015, plaintiffs filed a complaint against Lee, Hellner, and Park (collectively, "defendants"), alleging that Lee's abandonment of the premises constituted a default under the lease, and that plaintiffs were entitled to liquidated damages resulting from Lee's failure to remain in operation for the duration of the lease. Plaintiffs' complaint included claims for breach of contract by Lee as tenant, and breach of contract by Hellner and Park as guarantors.

On 16 February 2016, defendants filed an answer and motion to dismiss. Defendants alleged that the liquidated damages contemplated in the lease were void, that plaintiffs failed to mitigate damages, that plaintiffs lacked certificates of authority to transact business in North Carolina, and that plaintiffs' claims were barred by estoppel. Defendants further moved to dismiss plaintiffs' complaint pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure, alleging that "Plaintiffs have failed to state claims upon which relief can be granted[.]"

On 7 October 2016, plaintiffs moved for summary judgment. On 27 January 2017, the trial court entered an order granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs. This order awarded plaintiffs $43,253.16, plus interest; liquidated damages of $37,685.98, plus interest; and attorneys' fees, to be subsequently determined.

On 3 February 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion for attorneys' fees, noting that the trial court had already held that fees should be awarded, and thus that the issue before the court was "not whether attorneys' fees and costs should be awarded to [plaintiffs]; rather, the issue is the amount of reasonable attorneys' fees and costs[.]" On 24 March 2017, the trial court entered an order on attorneys' fees. The trial court recognized that the lease agreement included a reciprocal agreement for the payment of attorneys' fees, and that the guaranty agreement signed by Hellner and Park included a provision for the payment of attorneys' fees. The trial court considered the affidavit of plaintiffs' counsel, along with the range of hourly rates of attorneys in Wake County and the amount of work required by the case, and found that "the costs incurred by Plaintiffs were reasonable and necessary to enforce the Lease and Guaranty." The trial court therefore awarded attorneys' fees in the amount of $41,807.50 for costs incurred through 31 January 2017, and an additional $2,929.35 for costs incurred subsequently.

*928From the order granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs, and the order awarding attorneys' fees, defendants appeal.

II. Summary Judgment

In their first argument, defendants contend that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs, specifically with respect to liquidated damages. We disagree.

A. Standard of Review

"Our standard of review of an appeal from summary judgment is de novo; such judgment is appropriate only when the record shows that 'there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that any party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.' " In re Will of Jones , 362 N.C. 569, 573, 669 S.E.2d 572, 576 (2008) (quoting Forbis v. Neal , 361 N.C. 519, 524, 649 S.E.2d 382, 385 (2007) ).

B. Analysis

In its order granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs, the trial court awarded, inter alia , liquidated damages in the amount of $37,685.98, plus interest. Defendants contend that this was error, because the provision of the lease establishing liquidated damages was void.

Section 20 of the lease, addressing hours and conduct of business, required defendants to operate continuously during the term of the lease, and provided that:

In the event of a Default by Tenant of any of the conditions in this Article 20, Landlord shall have, in addition to any and all remedies herein provided, the right at its option to collect not only the Minimum Rent, but Additional Rent at the rate of one three hundred and sixty fifth (1/365th)
*441of the amount of the annual Minimum Rent for each day Tenant is in Default or Breach of the provisions of this Article.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
817 S.E.2d 437, 259 N.C. App. 925, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wfc-lynnwood-i-llc-v-lee-of-raleigh-inc-ncctapp-2018.