Ware v. Renfroe

499 S.E.2d 907, 231 Ga. App. 529, 98 Fulton County D. Rep. 1448, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 493
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedMarch 24, 1998
DocketA98A0404, A98A0405
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 499 S.E.2d 907 (Ware v. Renfroe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ware v. Renfroe, 499 S.E.2d 907, 231 Ga. App. 529, 98 Fulton County D. Rep. 1448, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 493 (Ga. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinion

Eldridge, Judge.

This is an appeal and cross-appeal from a final order and judgment entered by the State Court of Glynn County in a breach of con[530]*530tract action. On September 1, 1995, sellers Patricia N. Renfroe and Charles H. Renfroe (“Renfroes”) contracted in writing to sell their home on St. Simons Island to buyers Mary Chiles Ware and H. Hall Ware III (“Wares”) for $285,000. The Wares paid the Renfroes $5,000 in earnest money upon execution of the contract. The contract provided that the closing date would be “as soon as practicable” after the sale of the Wares’ home in Atlanta. The contract also provided that, if the Wares had not sold their home by November 30,1995, the closing date could be extended until February 29, 1996, upon payment of an additional $5,000 in earnest money.

On November 1,1995, the parties executed an amendment to the sales contract, which provided that the Wares would become tenants of the St. Simons home upon payment of $1,500 in monthly rent, with a portion of the rental payments being applicable to the purchase price of the home. In addition, the written amendment waived all contingencies to closing contained in Section 13 of the original sales contract. Further, the amendment provided that “[c]ommencing November 1, 1995, the Buyer, as Tenant, shall be solely responsible for all maintenance and utilities of the property.”

On December 14, 1995, Mr. Ware wrote a letter to the Renfroes, which read as follows: “This letter confirms our telephone conversation whereby you agreed to defer until January 2, 1996 the $5,000 earnest money payment due on December 1, 1995 under our contact [sic] to purchase the house at 1801 Bruce Drive. Your agreement to defer this payment does not constitute a waiver of any right or remedy available to you under the terms of the contract. The deferred payment will bear interest at 10% per annum from December 1, 1995 until paid.”

The Wares failed to pay the additional $5,000 in earnest money on January 2, 1996; the Wares also failed to close on the home by February 29, 1996, although the Renfroes continued to honor the contract extension until that time. On March 1, 1996, after the contract extension had expired, Mr. Ware wrote to the Renfroes and offered to pay $255,000 for the home, $30,000 less than the sales contract price. The same letter again confirmed that the Wares owed the Renfroes $5,000 in additional earnest money, plus interest from December 1, 1995, and proposed a third payment of $5,000 in earnest money “to extend the contract on the existing terms to June 30, 1996.” The Renfroes refused to lower the sales price and continued to demand the overdue $5,000 in earnest money; they also demanded an additional payment of $5,000 in earnest money to secure another extension of the sales contract. On March 5, 1996, when the Wares failed to pay the overdue earnest money or to extend the contract, the Renfroes demanded that the Wares vacate the property. The Renfroes also demanded that the Wares, as holdover tenants, “continue to main[531]*531tain the premises, including the swimming pool and grounds, in a condition equal to the condition in which the premises were maintained at the time you entered occupancy.” The Wares vacated the property on April 6, 1996, after failing to pay the rent due on April 1, 1996.

The Renfroes filed suit for breach of contract on June 12, 1996, seeking the $5,000 in earnest money that was due on January 2, 1996; rent money for the first six days of April 1996; and other money damages. The Wares counterclaimed, asserting that the Renfroes owed them money for funds expended to repair and maintain the property during the rental period of November 1, 1995 through April 6, 1996. Both parties moved for summary judgment on their claims. On July 14, 1997, the trial court granted summary judgment to the Renfroes on both the claim and counterclaim, awarding the Renfroes $5,000, plus $41.66 in prejudgment interest at the contract rate of ten percent per annum, and costs of $89; no rent money was awarded. Both parties appealed the judgment.

Case No. A98A0404

1. In their first two enumerations, the Wares assert that the trial court erred in denying their motion for summary judgment, while granting the Renfroes’ motion for summary judgment, on the breach of contract claim. We disagree.

The facts clearly show that the parties entered into a written sales contract with an expiration date of November 30, 1995, which allowed the contract to be extended until February 29, 1996, upon payment of an additional $5,000 in earnest money; that the sales contract was amended in writing on November 1, 1995, to eliminate the sales contingencies of the original contract and to establish a rental agreement between the parties; that the Wares promised to pay the additional earnest money in exchange for an extension of the contract until February 29, 1996, but requested that the Renfroes defer such payment until January 2, 1996; that the Renfroes orally agreed to such deferral but expressly retained all of their legal rights under the contract; and that, in reliance on the Wares’ promise to pay the additional earnest money plus interest, the Renfroes remained bound under the sales contract and refrained from selling the property to another until after the contract extension expired on February 29, 1996. Further, the facts show that the Wares failed to close on the property by February 29, 1996, and that the Wares never paid the overdue earnest money, even though the Renfroes had fully performed their part of the bargain by keeping the property off the market.

However, on appeal, the Wares assert that the sales contract was [532]*532never extended beyond November 30, 1995, because they had never actually paid the $5,000 due under the contract. This Court finds such assertion entirely without merit and offensive to long-standing legal and equitable principles. Under the doctrine of promissory estoppel, “[a] promise which the promisor should reasonably expect to induce action or forbearance on the part of the promisee . . . and which does induce such action or forbearance is binding. . . .” OCGA § 13-3-44 (a); Insilco Corp. v. First Nat. Bank of Dalton, 248 Ga. 322 (1) (283 SE2d 262) (1981); see also Gen. Communications Svc. v. Ga. Public Svc. Comm., 244 Ga. 855, 856 (262 SE2d 96) (1979); Pethel v. Waters, 220 Ga. 543, 552 (140 SE2d 252) (1965). The oral amendment to allow the additional earnest money to be paid at a later date for the written extension of the contract was reasonable reliance under the circumstances. W. R. Grace & Co. v. Taco Tico Acquisition Corp., 216 Ga. App. 423, 426 (1) (454 SE2d 789) (1995); Fidelity & Deposit Co. v. West Point Constr. Co., 178 Ga. App. 578 (344 SE2d 268) (1986). As such, under the facts of this case, the Wares were bound to pay the promised $5,000 in earnest money, plus interest.

Further, the Wares clearly extended the sales contract when they promised to pay the earnest money by January 2, 1996. Once the Renfroes agreed to defer the payment, both parties were bound both to the agreement to defer the earnest payment and to the terms of the sales contract. See Atlanta Six Flags Partnership v. Hughes, 191 Ga. App. 404, 407 (381 SE2d 605) (1989). As such, this case is clearly distinguishable from Floyd v. Morgan, 60 Ga. App. 496 (4 SE2d 91) (1939), cited by the Wares. Floyd,

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Bluebook (online)
499 S.E.2d 907, 231 Ga. App. 529, 98 Fulton County D. Rep. 1448, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 493, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ware-v-renfroe-gactapp-1998.