Walton v. State

429 S.E.2d 158, 207 Ga. App. 787, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 1303, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 343
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedMarch 12, 1993
DocketA92A1992
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 429 S.E.2d 158 (Walton v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Walton v. State, 429 S.E.2d 158, 207 Ga. App. 787, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 1303, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 343 (Ga. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

Birdsong, Presiding Judge.

Appellant Terry Lee Walton appeals from the order of the superior court dismissing his appeal. Appellant was convicted of DUI in probate court and appealed his conviction to the superior court. The superior court found that the record before it affirmatively shows that appellant never formally waived a trial by jury, and that in the absence of a specific written waiver of jury trial, the probate court was without jurisdiction. On February 22,1990, the superior court ordered remand of the proceedings to the probate court with direction that if upon the “recall of this case” appellant refuses to waive a trial by jury, the case should then be transferred to the superior court for trial, but that if appellant waived a jury trial, the case could be tried in probate court. On March 12, 1990, appellant appealed the order of the superior court to this court. On September 26, 1990, this court reversed the superior court’s holding and remanded the case with direction on the grounds the superior court should have decided the waiver issue anew. Walton v. State, 197 Ga. App. 263 (398 SE2d 221). The Supreme Court granted certiorari. On April 11, 1991, the Supreme Court issued its opinion in Nicholson v. State, 261 Ga. 197 (403 SE2d 42), holding that waiver was not an issue effecting subject matter jurisdiction, but instead, raised only an issue of personal jurisdiction, which issue could be waived by failure to insist timely upon such right. On June 11, 1991, the Supreme Court reversed this court and remanded said case with direction in Walton v. State, 261 Ga. 392 (405 SE2d 29); in doing so, the Supreme Court explained its holding in Nicholson, supra, and concluded Walton had waived his right to demand a jury trial (Walton, supra at 261 Ga. 393 (1)). The Supreme Court also concluded that an appeal pursuant to OCGA § 40-13-28 is not an appeal de novo, and expressly disapproved that language in Anderson v. City of Alpharetta, 187 Ga. App. 148 (369 SE2d [788]*788521), indicating that an appeal pursuant to OCGA § 40-13-28 “to the superior court is a ‘de novo proceeding.’ ” Walton, supra, 261 Ga. at 394. The Supreme Court then issued the following language of direction to this court: “In enacting OCGA § 40-13-28, the General Assembly provided for a right of appeal ‘on the record’ to the superior court. Thus, the mandate of the superior courts is to review asserted errors of law in the proceedings below under general appellate principles. The appellant may not raise issues not litigated in the court below, but he is entitled to a review of the record which ensures that the evidence has been received in conformity with statutory and constitutional standards and that it supports the conviction, including application of the standards set out in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307 (99 SC 2781, 61 LE2d 560). ... If the conviction is properly supported by the evidence, the conviction would stand; if not, an acquittal would be required.” Walton, supra at 261 Ga. 394. This court subsequently vacated its earlier order and remanded the case to the superior court with direction (Walton v. State, 203 Ga. App. 888 (418 SE2d 148)); in this opinion, we expressly acknowledged that this case was remanded to us by the Supreme Court “for such further action as might be necessary to give effect to [its] opinion” and incorporated the judgment of the Supreme Court within our judgment (id.). This court then issued the following language of direction to the superior court: “Appellant ‘did not demand a jury trial in probate court, and, thereby, waived it.’ [Cit.] The superior court is further directed to consider the merits of appellant’s appeal by ‘review(ing) asserted errors of law in the (probate court) proceedings . . . under general appellate principles. . . . (A)ppellant may not raise issues not litigated in the (probate) court. . . , but he is entitled to a review of the record which ensures that the evidence has been received in conformity with statutory and constitutional standards and that it supports the conviction, including application of the standards set out in Jackson v. Virginia, [supra]. If the conviction is properly supported by the evidence, the conviction would stand; if not, an acquittal would be required. The superior court (is) not, however, (to) make an independent finding of guilt or innocence based on the evidence submitted, as would be done were the appeal, in fact, de novo.’ ” Walton, supra at 203 Ga. App. 888.

The superior court received notice of remittitur on May 15, 1992. On May 19, 1992, the superior court entered an order dismissing appellant’s appeal, although the order reflects, inter alia, that “this court has reviewed the record of the probate court as transmitted to this court. Although sparse, no errors were found.” (The record reflects that the original notice of appeal to the superior court, dated August 28, 1989, indicates that appellant stated a transcript of the trial would be filed for inclusion with the record on appeal. No such [789]*789transcript has been forwarded for our review.)

Appellant’s sole enumeration of error is that “the superior court erred in dismissing appellant’s appeal without allowing appellant an opportunity to be heard, in contravention of an order of the Court of Appeals and resulting in the violation of appellant’s right to due process under the 5th and 14th Amendments of the United States Constitution and Article I, Section I, Paragraph I of the Constitution of the State of Georgia [1983].” In support of this enumeration, appellant argues he was denied, inter alia, a meaningful opportunity to submit an enumeration of errors and an appellate brief. Appellee contends that no error has occurred, and that any error was rendered harmless as the trial court did review the record before finding no errors. Held:

1. Appellant was issued a traffic citation for DUI in violation of state law, to-wit: OCGA § 40-6-391 (a) (1); he was convicted in probate court of driving under the influence of alcohol. Although appellant’s notice of appeal asserts that this court has jurisdiction of this appeal in that it involves “a conviction for a non-capital felony,” a conviction under OCGA § 40-6-391 (a) (1) is not a felony conviction. OCGA § 40-6-391 (c).

2. The order of this court states unequivocally on its face that “[t]he superior court is further directed to consider the merits of appellant’s appeal.” Walton, supra at 203 Ga. App. 888. The trial court failed to comply with this direction by dismissing appellant’s appeal rather than reaching a final determination thereof. Although the trial court may have reviewed the record sua sponte for errors of law, failure to reach final determination of the merits of appellant’s appeal substantially departs from the direction of this court and of the holding of the Supreme Court on which our direction is based.

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Related

Hall v. State
574 S.E.2d 610 (Court of Appeals of Georgia, 2002)
Walton v. State
456 S.E.2d 289 (Court of Appeals of Georgia, 1995)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
429 S.E.2d 158, 207 Ga. App. 787, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 1303, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 343, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/walton-v-state-gactapp-1993.