Walter Drummond v. Secretary, Florida Department of Corrections

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
• Decided: January 4, 2023
• Docket: 21-13206
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

USCA11 Case: 21-13206 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 01/04/2023 Page: 1 of 3

[DO NOT PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit

____________________

No. 21-13206 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________

WALTER DRUMMOND, Petitioner-Appellant, versus SECRETARY, FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,

Respondent-Appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 0:21-cv-61823-BB ____________________ USCA11 Case: 21-13206 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 01/04/2023 Page: 2 of 3

2 Opinion of the Court 21-13206

Before NEWSOM, GRANT, and BRASHER, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Walter Drummond, proceeding pro se, appeals the district court’s dismissal of his habeas corpus petition under 28 U.S.C. § 2554 for lack of jurisdiction because it was successive. On appeal, Drummond argues that the district court erred in dismissing his petition because he is actually innocent and counsel in his underly- ing criminal case was ineffective. We need not reach these issues because Drummond’s current petition is successive to a previous petition, which was denied as untimely, and Drummond did not seek leave from this court under 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3) to file a suc- cessive petition. We review de novo whether a habeas corpus petition is suc- cessive. Ponton v. Sec’y, Fla. Dep’t of Corr., 891 F.3d 950, 952 (11th Cir. 2018). A successive Section 2254 petition requires authoriza- tion from this Court. 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3)(A). Accordingly, a dis- trict court lacks jurisdiction to consider an unauthorized successive petition. Williams v. Chatman, 510 F.3d 1290, 1295 (11th Cir. 2007). When a petitioner seeks to challenge the same judgment that was challenged in a previous § 2254 petition, the petition will be deemed successive. See Magwood v. Patterson, 561 U.S. 320, 323–24 (2010). Petitions denied as time-barred are considered to have been dismissed with prejudice, and subsequent petitions USCA11 Case: 21-13206 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 01/04/2023 Page: 3 of 3

21-13206 Opinion of the Court 3

therefore qualify as successive. See Jordan v. Sec’y, Dep’t of Corr., 485 F.3d 1351, 1353 (11th Cir. 2007). However, we have recognized that “successive” is not “self- defining,” and does not necessarily “refer to all habeas applications filed second or successively in time.” Stewart v. United States, 646 F.3d 856, 859 (11th Cir. 2011). Petitions are not successive when they present new claims that could not have been raised previ- ously. Id. at 859–61 (explaining that claims based on a newly dis- coverable factual predicate are successive, but “[i]f . . . the pur- ported defect did not arise, or the claim did not ripen, until after the conclusion of the previous petition, the later petition based on that defect may be non-successive”). Drummond’s petition does not fall within the small subset of unavailable claims described in Stewart because it did not raise a claim that could not have been raised previously. Stewart, 646 F.3d at 863. Drummond’s instant petition challenges the same convic- tion as his previous petition. As nothing prevented Drummond from raising a claim of actual innocence or ineffective assistance of counsel in his original petition, the instant petition is successive. Thus, the district court did not err in dismissing Drum- mond’s petition as successive because he had previously filed a § 2554 petition; his first petition challenged the same judgment; and he did not seek this Court’s permission to file a successive pe- tition. Accordingly, we affirm. AFFIRMED.