Walker v. State

1997 OK CR 3, 933 P.2d 327, 68 O.B.A.J. 316, 1997 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 2, 1997 WL 34440
CourtCourt of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedJanuary 23, 1997
DocketPC-96-1003
StatusPublished
Cited by172 cases

This text of 1997 OK CR 3 (Walker v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Walker v. State, 1997 OK CR 3, 933 P.2d 327, 68 O.B.A.J. 316, 1997 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 2, 1997 WL 34440 (Okla. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinions

ORDER DENYING APPLICATION FOR POST-CONVICTION RELIEF, EVI-DENTIARY HEARING AND DISCOVERY

CHAPEL, Presiding Judge:

Jack Dale Walker was tried by a jury and convicted of First Degree Malice Aforethought Murder in violation of 21 O.S.Supp. 1982, § 701.7(A) (Counts I and II), Assault and Battery with a Dangerous Weapon in violation of 21 O.S.Supp.1982, § 645 (Count III), and Assault with a Dangerous Weapon in violation of 21 O.S.Supp.1982, § 645 (Counts IV and V), in Tulsa County District

Court Case No. CRF-89-18. In accordance with the jury’s recommendation, the Honorable Clifford E. Hopper sentenced Walker to death on each of Counts I and II, twenty years imprisonment on Count III, and ten years imprisonment on each of Counts IV and V. Walker appealed these convictions and sentences to this Court and we affirmed.1 The United States Supreme Court then denied his petition for writ of certiora-ri.2

In accordance with the recent amendments to the Uniform Post-Conviction Procedure Act,3 Walker filed his Original Application for Post-Conviction Relief in this Court on August 16, 1996.4 In his first proposition, Walker attacks the constitutionality of Oklahoma’s amended capital post-conviction review statute. He argues that the new scheme, both on its face and as applied, denies him due process, equal and adequate access to the courts, and violates the Ex Post-Faeto Clause. We recently considered and rejected this constitutional attack upon Oklahoma’s current capital post-conviction procedure.5 Accordingly, Walker’s first proposition is denied.

Before turning to Walker’s remaining arguments, it is important — in light of the amended and more restrictive capital post-conviction statute — to reemphasize the narrow scope of review available on collateral appeal. First and foremost, the Post-Conviction Procedure Act was neither designed nor intended to provide applicants another direct appeal.6 Rather, the post-conviction statutes have always provided applicants with only very limited grounds upon which to attack their “final” judgments.7 Accordingly, [331]*331post-convietion claims which could have been raised in previous appeals but were not are generally considered waived;8 and, post-conviction claims which were raised and addressed in previous appeals are barred as res judicata.9

These procedural bars still apply to claims raised by capital post-conviction applicants appealing under the amended section 1089. However, the recent amendments to that statute have made it even more difficult for capital post-convietion applicants to avoid procedural limitations on collaterally asserted claims. Under section 1089, only those capital post-convietion claims that “[w]ere not and could not have been raised”10 on direct appeal will escape the effects of waiver and res judicata.11 Examples of capital post-conviction claims which “could not have been raised”12 on direct appeal are (1) ineffective assistance of trial or appellate counsel claims that meet the statute’s definition of ineffective assistance of trial or appellate counsel,13 or (2) claims

(a) [that were] not recognized by or could not have been reasonably formulated from a final decision of the United States Supreme Court, a court of appeals of the United States, or a court of appellate jurisdiction of this state ... or (b) [that are based upon] a new rule of constitutional law that was given retroactive effect by the United States Supreme Court or a court of appellate jurisdiction of this state....14

Once a capital post-conviction applicant has demonstrated that a claim was not and could not have been previously raised on direct appeal and thus should not be held procedurally barred, there remains another prerequisite to full review. Claims which successfully avoid procedural bar will ultimately be afforded collateral review only if, in addition, they “[sjupport a conclusion either that the outcome of the trial would have been different but for the errors or that the defendant is factually innocent.”15

The amendments to the capital post-conviction review statute reflect the legislature’s intent to honor and preserve the legal principle of finality of judgment,16 and we will narrowly construe these amendments to effectuate that intent. Given the newly refined and limited review afforded capital post-conviction applicants, we must also emphasize the importance of the direct appeal as the mechanism for raising all potentially meritorious claims. Because the direct appeal provides appellants their only opportunity to have this Court fully review all claims of error which might arguably warrant relief, we urge them to raise all such claims at that juncture.

We now turn to Walker’s remaining post-convietion claims. Walker argues in his second proposition that he was denied his right to the effective assistance of trial counsel. Walker claims that his trial attorney was ineffective in the following ways: he failed to adequately prepare for trial; he failed to [332]*332comply with the trial court’s discovery order; he failed to request a proper competency evaluation, present available evidence or ask for a continuance to prepare for the competency hearing; he failed to seek suppression of Walker’s pretrial statements; he failed to seat a fair and impartial jury; he failed to investigate or present evidence to negate the element of specific intent and he failed to request an intoxication defense instruction; he failed to present available evidence to support the requested first degree manslaughter instruction; he failed to present evidence that Walker was heavily medicated during trial; he failed to object to the late filing of the Bill of Particulars; he failed to object or request a continuance when the State filed an amended notice of evidence to be used in aggravation; and, he failed to investigate and present all of the evidence available in second stage.

Under the strict terms of the new statute, an ineffective assistance of trial counsel claim could not have been raised on direct appeal if it requires “factfinding outside the direct appeal record_”17 In other words, ineffective assistance of trial counsel claims are properly raised and may be considered on post-conviction only if they are based upon facts which were not available to the applicant’s direct appeal attorney and thus could not have been made part of the direct appeal record. Stated in prohibitive terms, this Court may not review Walker’s post-conviction claims of ineffective assistance of trial counsel if the facts generating those claims were available to Walker’s direct appeal attorney and thus either were or could have been used in his direct appeal.18 Walker’s ineffective assistance of trial counsel claims do not turn on facts unavailable at the time of his direct appeal.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
1997 OK CR 3, 933 P.2d 327, 68 O.B.A.J. 316, 1997 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 2, 1997 WL 34440, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/walker-v-state-oklacrimapp-1997.