Vondal v. State

• Court: Montana Supreme Court
• Decided: December 15, 2015
• Docket: 15-0282
• Status: Published

Opinion

December 15 2015

DA 15-0282 Case Number: DA 15-0282

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA 2015 MT 345N

LaVERNE J. VONDAL,

Petitioner and Appellant,

v.

STATE OF MONTANA,

Respondent and Appellee.

APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Fifteenth Judicial District, In and For the County of Sheridan, Cause No. DC 04-1052 Honorable Katherine M. Bidegaray, Presiding Judge

COUNSEL OF RECORD:

For Appellant:

LaVerne Joseph Charles Vondal, self-represented, Shelby, Montana

For Appellee:

Timothy C. Fox, Montana Attorney General, Katie F. Schulz, Assistant Attorney General; Helena, Montana

Benjamin Jordan Fosland, Sheridan County Attorney, Scobey, Montana

Submitted on Briefs: November 12, 2015 Decided: December 15, 2015

Filed:

__________________________________________ Clerk Justice Beth Baker delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1 Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not

serve as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this

Court’s quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana

Reports.

¶2 Representing himself, LaVerne J. Vondal appeals the order of the Fifteenth

Judicial District Court, Sheridan County, denying his petition for postconviction relief.

We affirm because Vondal’s petition is both untimely and procedurally barred.

¶3 In August 2004, Vondal pleaded guilty to one count of operating a clandestine

drug lab and two counts of felony criminal endangerment. On November 15, 2004,

Vondal was sentenced to forty years in prison with twenty-five years suspended for the

first offense, and to ten years each for the remaining two counts. All sentences were to

run concurrently. Vondal has filed a number of petitions related to his November 2004

conviction.

¶4 Vondal first filed a motion to amend judgment in September 2006 that the District

Court denied. We affirmed the court’s decision in State v. Vondal, 2008 MT 52N, 342

Mont. 550, ___ P.3d ___ (table), after determining that Vondal’s motion was “in essence,

2 a petition for postconviction relief” that was untimely under § 46-21-102(1), MCA.

Vondal, ¶ 5.1

¶5 In 2010, Vondal filed another petition for postconviction relief that the District

Court denied on the grounds that the petition was time-barred under § 46-21-102(1),

MCA, and procedurally barred under § 46-21-105(1)(b), MCA. Vondal has filed, and we

have denied, the following other petitions related to his November 2004 conviction:

petition for writ of supervisory control, LaVerne J. Vondal v. 15th Judicial District

Court, No. OP 10-0258, Or. (Mont., May 28, 2010); petition for an out-of-time appeal,

State v. LaVerne Joseph Charles Vondal, No. DA 13-0417, Or. (Mont., Aug. 13, 2013);

and petition for writ of habeas corpus, LaVerne J. Vondal v. State, No. OP 15-0647, Or.

(Mont., Nov. 4, 2015).

¶6 In 2014, we did, however, grant Vondal’s petition for writ of habeas corpus for the

limited purpose of amending his 2004 judgment. LaVerne J. Vondal v. Martin Frink,

Warden, et al., No. OP 14-0079, Or. (Mont., Apr. 16, 2014). We determined that the

sentencing court imposed probation and parole conditions that it lacked the authority to

impose. We therefore directed the District Court to issue an amended judgment and

sentence clarifying that the parole conditions not expressly authorized by statute were

merely recommendations, and further directed the court to reimpose the conditions of

1 Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating Rules, Section I, Paragraph 3(d)(v) provides in pertinent part that noncitable opinions “shall not be cited or relied upon as authority in any litigation in any court in Montana except when the decision establishes the law of the case . . . or in a criminal action or proceeding involving the same defendant . . . .” 3 Vondal’s suspended sentence. In May 2014, the District Court issued an amended

judgment and sentence pursuant to our order.

¶7 It is from this amended judgment that Vondal filed the petition for postconviction

relief at issue here. The District Court concluded that the amended judgment did “not

trigger a new postconviction petition filing period.” The court accordingly determined

that Vondal’s petition was untimely under § 46-21-102(1), MCA, and procedurally

barred under § 46-21-105(1)(b), MCA.

¶8 Vondal argues on appeal that the conviction he is challenging is the 2014 amended

judgment and not the original November 2004 judgment. He contends that “the plain

language” of § 46-21-102(1), MCA, does not prohibit an amended judgment from

triggering a new filing period for postconviction relief. He similarly contends that

§ 46-21-105(1)(b), MCA, does not apply because this is the first time he has challenged

the “new” 2014 amended judgment. We disagree.

¶9 Under § 46-21-102(1), MCA, Vondal had one year from “the date that the

conviction bec[ame] final” to file a petition for postconviction relief. A conviction is

defined as “a judgment or sentence entered upon a guilty or nolo contedere plea . . . .”

Section 46-1-202(7), MCA. A judgment is defined as “an adjudication by a court that the

defendant is guilty or not guilty, and if the adjudication is that the defendant is guilty, it

includes the sentence pronounced by the court.” Section 46-1-202(11), MCA. “Thus, in

order for there to be a conviction, a sentence must be imposed.” State v. Tomaskie, 2007

MT 103, ¶ 12, 337 Mont. 130, 157 P.3d 691. A sentence is defined as “the judicial

4 disposition of a criminal proceeding upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere . . . .”

Section 46-1-202(25), MCA. Disposition is defined as “[a] final settlement or

determination.” Black’s Law Dictionary, 572 (Bryan A. Garner ed., 10th ed. 2014). The

amended judgment issued by the District Court pursuant to our order simply clarified that

the parole conditions the court originally imposed as part of Vondal’s sentence were

merely recommendations. The amended judgment did not amount to a “judicial

disposition” of the proceeding because it was not the final settlement or determination of

the criminal proceeding against Vondal. The amended judgment therefore did not

impose a “sentence” under the plain language of § 46-1-202(25), MCA. Accordingly, the

amended judgment cannot be considered a “conviction” under the plain language of

§ 46-1-202(7), MCA, giving rise to a new postconviction petition filing period under

§ 46-21-102(1), MCA. Vondal was convicted on November 15, 2004.

¶10 Because Vondal did not appeal, his conviction became final when the time for

appeal to this Court expired. Section 46-21-102(1)(a), MCA. An appeal must be taken

within sixty days of entry of final judgment in a criminal case. M. R. App. P. 4(5)(b)(i).

Therefore, Vondal’s petition for postconviction relief was time-barred as of January 15,

2005.

¶11 Under § 46-21-105(1)(b), MCA, “[t]he court shall dismiss a second or subsequent

petition by a person who has filed an original petition unless the second or subsequent

petition raises grounds for relief that could not reasonably have been raised in the original

or an amended original petition.” Vondal filed for postconviction relief in 2006 and

5 2010. His current petition for postconviction relief does not raise grounds for relief that

could not have been raised in the original petition. Accordingly, Vondal’s petition for

postconviction relief is procedurally barred as a second or subsequent petition under

§ 46-21-105(1)(b), MCA.

¶12 We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c) of

our Internal Operating Rules, which provides for memorandum opinions. In the opinion

of the Court, the case presents a question controlled by settled law. We conclude that the

District Court did not err in denying Vondal’s petition for postconviction relief. Its order

of dismissal is affirmed.

/S/ BETH BAKER

We concur:

/S/ LAURIE McKINNON /S/ JAMES JEREMIAH SHEA /S/ MICHAEL E WHEAT /S/ JIM RICE