Virts v. Consol Freightways

Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided April 4, 2002·No. 00-5501·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

'$9,' 9,576 ; 3ODLQWLII$SSHOODQW    1R Y  !  &2162/,'$7('  )5(,*+7:$<6 &25325$7,21  2) '(/$:$5(  'HIHQGDQW$SSHOOHH   1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH0LGGOH'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW1DVKYLOOH 1Rn7RGGs&DPSEHOO'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG6HSWHPEHU 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG$SULO %HIRUH6,/(5DQG&/$<&LUFXLWsXGJHV*5$+$0 'LVWULFWsXGJH

7KH +RQRUDEOH sDPHV / *UDKDP 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW sXGJH IRU WKH 6RXWKHUQ 'LVWULFW RI 2KLR VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ

  9LUWVY&RQVROLGDWHG)UHLJKWZD\V&RUS 1R

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ $5*8('/DUU\/&UDLQ/$:2)),&(2)/$55</ &5$,1 %UHQWZRRG 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOODQW  'DYLG 3 sDTXD 7+( .8//0$1 ),50 0HPSKLV 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOOHH21%5,()/DUU\/&UDLQ/$:2)),&(2) /$55</&5$,1%UHQWZRRG7HQQHVVHH5REHUW:$VK $0(5,&$1 &(17(5 )25 /$:  s867,&( 9LUJLQLD %HDFK9LUJLQLDIRU$SSHOODQW'DYLG3sDTXDs:LOVRQ (DWRQ,,,7+(.8//0$1),500HPSKLV7HQQHVVHHIRU $SSHOOHH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &/$<&LUFXLWsXGJH3ODLQWLII'DYLG9LUWVDSSHDOVIURP WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVMXGJPHQWHQWHUHGRQ)HEUXDU\ GHQ\LQJ3ODLQWLIIjVPRWLRQIRUSDUWLDOVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWDQG JUDQWLQJ VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW WR 'HIHQGDQW &RQVROLGDWHG )UHLJKWZD\V&RUSRUDWLRQRI'HODZDUH3ODLQWLIIjVHPSOR\HU RQ 3ODLQWLIIjV FODLPV EURXJKW XQGHU 7LWOH 9,, RI WKH &LYLO 5LJKWV$FWRI86&†HHWVHT m7LWOH9,,l  IRUUHOLJLRXVGLVFULPLQDWLRQDQGUHWDOLDWRU\GLVFKDUJH)RUWKH UHDVRQVVHWIRUWKEHORZZH$)),50 %$&.*5281' 3URFHGXUDO+LVWRU\ 3ODLQWLII ILOHG VXLW RQ $SULO   DJDLQVW 'HIHQGDQW VHHNLQJ UHOLHI XQGHU 7LWOH 9,, IRU 'HIHQGDQWjV DOOHJHG UHOLJLRXVGLVFULPLQDWLRQIRUIDLOLQJWRDFFRPPRGDWH3ODLQWLIIjV UHOLJLRXV EHOLHIV  3ODLQWLII ILOHG DQ DPHQGHG FRPSODLQW RQ 0D\   DGGLQJ D FRXQW IRU UHWDOLDWRU\ GLVFKDUJH LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 7LWOH 9,,  3ODLQWLII ILOHG D PRWLRQ IRU SDUWLDO VXPPDU\MXGJPHQWRQsDQXDU\DQG'HIHQGDQWILOHG LWVPRWLRQIRUVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWRQERWKFODLPVRQsDQXDU\   9LUWVY&RQVROLGDWHG)UHLJKWZD\V&RUS 1R 1R 9LUWVY&RQVROLGDWHG)UHLJKWZD\V&RUS 

 WK&LU  ILQGLQJWKDWWKLV&RXUWPD\DIILUPWKH ,QDPHPRUDQGXPRSLQLRQDQGRUGHUGDWHG)HEUXDU\ GLVWULFWFRXUWRQDQ\JURXQGVVXSSRUWHGE\WKHUHFRUG   WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW JUDQWHG 'HIHQGDQWjV PRWLRQ IRU VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW GHQLHG 3ODLQWLIIjV PRWLRQ IRU SDUWLDO &21&/86,21 VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW DQG GLVPLVVHG 3ODLQWLIIjV VXLW  7KH GLVWULFWFRXUWHQWHUHGLWVFRUUHVSRQGLQJMXGJPHQWDQG3ODLQWLII 7KH GLVWULFW FRXUW GLG QRW HUU LQ JUDQWLQJ 'HIHQGDQW WKHUHDIWHU ILOHG D PRWLRQ IRU UHFRQVLGHUDWLRQ  7KH GLVWULFW VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW RQ 3ODLQWLIIjV FODLPV RI UHOLJLRXV FRXUW GHQLHG 3ODLQWLIIjV PRWLRQ IRU UHFRQVLGHUDWLRQ DQG GLVFULPLQDWLRQ DQG UHWDOLDWRU\ GLVFKDUJH DQG ZH WKHUHIRUH 3ODLQWLIIILOHGWKLVWLPHO\DSSHDO $)),50WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVMXGJPHQWGLVPLVVLQJ3ODLQWLIIjV FODLPV )DFWV 3ODLQWLIIEHJDQZRUNLQJIRU'HIHQGDQWRQ$SULODV ZKDW 3ODLQWLII WHUPV mDQ RYHUWKHURDG WUXFN GULYHUl DW 'HIHQGDQWjV IDFLOLW\ LQ /LQFROQ 1HEUDVND  3ODLQWLII WUDQVIHUUHGWR'HIHQGDQWjVIDFLOLW\LQ1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHLQ 2FWREHURI'HIHQGDQWjVWUXFNGULYHUVDWWKH1DVKYLOOH WHUPLQDO DUH UHSUHVHQWHG E\ /RFDO  RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO %URWKHUKRRGRI7HDPVWHUVDQGWKHWHUPVDQGFRQGLWLRQVRI WKHLU HPSOR\PHQW DUH JRYHUQHG E\ WKH 1DWLRQDO 0DVWHU )UHLJKW $JUHHPHQW 6RXWKHUQ 6XSSOHPHQW m10)$l   $V GHVFULEHGLQWKH10)$$UWLFOH6HFWLRQWKH1DVKYLOOH WHUPLQDOXVHVDmFDOOEORFNlSURFHGXUHIRUGLVSDWFKLQJGULYHUV RQ UXQV  'HIHQGDQW KDV FDOO EORFNV HYHU\ WKUHH KRXUV EHJLQQLQJHDFKGD\DWPLGQLJKW:KHQUXQVDUHDYDLODEOH 'HIHQGDQWj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mH[WUDERDUGGULYHUl2XWRI DOORI'HIHQGDQWjVGULYHUVVHYHQW\ILYHSHUFHQWRIWKHUXQV  9LUWVY&RQVROLGDWHG)UHLJKWZD\V&RUS 1R 1R 9LUWVY&RQVROLGDWHG)UHLJKWZD\V&RUS 

PDGHRXWRI1DVKYLOOHDUHPDGHE\GULYHUVZKRKDYHELGWR HVWDEOLVK WKDW WKH SURIIHUHG UHDVRQ ZDV D PHUH SUHWH[W E\ PDNHVSHFLILFW\SHVRIUXQVVXFKDVVOHHSHUUXQVWKHRWKHU VKRZLQJWKDW WKHVWDWHGUHDVRQKDGQREDVLVLQIDFW WKH WZHQW\ILYHSHUFHQWRIWKHUXQVDUHFRPSOHWHGE\GULYHUVZKR VWDWHGUHDVRQZDVQRWWKHDFWXDOUHDVRQRU WKHVWDWHGUHDVRQ KDYHVLJQHGXSIRUmH[WUDERDUGUXQVl3ODLQWLIIEHORQJVWRWKH ZDV LQVXIILFLHQW WR H[SODLQ WKH GHIHQGDQWjV DFWLRQ  6HH ODWWHU JURXS RI GULYHUV  $Q H[WUD ERDUG GULYHU PD\ EH :KHHOHUY0F.LQOH\(QWHUV)G WK&LU GLVSDWFKHG RQ WKUHH PDLQW\SHV RI UXQV   D mWXUQ UXQl    m>

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Virts v. Consol Freightways, (6th Cir. 2002).

Virts v. Consol Freightways (Virts v. Consol Freightways) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.