Virginia State University v. Almeaner Gilliam

• Court: Court of Appeals of Virginia
• Decided: April 2, 1996
• Docket: 1746952
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Elder, Bray and Fitzpatrick Argued at Richmond, Virginia

VIRGINIA STATE UNIVERSITY MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY v. Record No. 1746-95-2 JUDGE LARRY G. ELDER APRIL 2, 1996 ALMEANER GILLIAM

FROM THE VIRGINIA WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION

A. Ann Berkebile, Assistant Attorney General (James S. Gilmore, III, Attorney General; Catherine C. Hammond, Deputy Attorney General; Gregory E. Lucyk, Senior Assistant Attorney General, on brief), for appellant.

(John H. Maclin, IV, on brief), for appellee.

Virginia State University (employer) appeals the Workers'

Compensation Commission's (commission) award of benefits to

Almeaner Gilliam (claimant). Employer asserts that the

commission erred in finding that claimant sustained a compensable

injury by accident "arising out of" her employment. Agreeing

with employer, we reverse the commission's decision.

The record reveals that on October 4, 1993, following a

meeting at which employer told claimant that she would be

transferred to another department, claimant became very upset and

began to cry. After attempting to compose herself in the rest

room, claimant approached a flight of stairs, intending to

* Pursuant to Code § 17-116.010 this opinion is not designated for publication. descend to the ground floor of the building to meet with her

supervisor. When claimant reached the top of the stairs, she

began to feel "kind of funny," became "dizzy," lost

consciousness, and fell down the flight of stairs, which

contained seventeen to twenty steps.

Claimant received immediate medical care, followed by

ongoing treatment from various physicians. Dr. David A. Layman

opined that claimant suffered a syncopal spell, which caused her

to fall down the steps. Dr. Layman diagnosed claimant as

suffering from a concussion and contusion of the head, neck,

thoracic and lumbar sprains, as well as accelerated hypertension. At the deputy commissioner's hearing on January 17, 1995,

claimant conceded that nothing was structurally wrong with the

stairs and that no foreign objects on the stairs caused her fall.

Claimant also conceded that she suffered previous black out

episodes in the past. Medical records indicated that claimant

had a long-standing history of dizziness, black outs,

hyperventilation, anxiety attacks, and hypertension. Evidence

also showed claimant suffered from high blood pressure and

anemia.

The deputy commissioner found that claimant's fall

constituted a compensable injury by accident. The full

commission affirmed and modified the deputy commissioner's

decision, awarding temporary total disability benefits from

October 4, 1993 to November 29, 1993, along with medical care

-2- costs. Employer appeals to this Court.

"A claimant has the burden of proving by a preponderance of

the evidence, and not by mere conjecture or speculation, than an

injury was the result of an accident which arose out of and in

the course of the employment." Winegar v. International

Telephone & Telegraph, 1 Va. App. 260, 261, 337 S.E.2d 760, 760

(1985). Furthermore, "the causative danger must be peculiar to

the work and not common to the neighborhood. It must be

incidental to the character of the business and not independent

of the relation of master and servant." Richmond Memorial Hosp.

v. Crane, 222 Va. 283, 285, 278 S.E.2d 877, 879 (1981).

Upon reviewing the record, we hold that claimant did not

sustain a compensable injury by accident arising out of her

employment. Claimant's fall resulted from an idiopathic

condition. "When an employee's injuries result from an

idiopathic condition and no other factors intervene or operate to

cause or contribute to the injuries sustained as a result of the

idiopathic condition, no award shall be made." Virginia Dept. of

Transp. v. Mosebrook, 13 Va. App. 536, 538, 413 S.E.2d 350,

351-52 (1992). In other words, "'the effects of [an idiopathic]

fall are compensable if the employment places the employee in a

position increasing the dangerous effects of such a fall, such as

on a height, near machinery or sharp corners, or in a moving

vehicle.'" Southland Corp. v. Parson, 1 Va. App. 281, 284-85,

338 S.E.2d 162, 164 (1985)(citation omitted). There is no

-3- evidence that claimant's duties for her employer required use of

stairs.

For the foregoing reasons, we reverse the commission's

decision.

Reversed.

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