Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and Implicity Management Company v. Mary Winters and Mila Cheatom

Opinion

ACCEPTED 04-15-00342-CV FOURTH COURT OF APPEALS SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 11/11/2015 4:25:29 PM KEITH HOTTLE CLERK

No. 04-15-00342-CV __________________________________________________________________ FILED IN IN THE COURT OF APPEALS 4th COURT OF APPEALS SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT 11/12/2015 4:25:29 PM SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS KEITH E. HOTTLE __________________________________________________________________ Clerk

VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. AND IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY

Appellants v.

MARY WINTERS AND MILA CHEATOM

Appellees

On Appeal from the 166th Judicial District of Bexar County, Texas Cause No. 2015-CI-03926

APPELLANTS’ BRIEF

Robert W. Loree State Bar No. 12579200 LOREE & LIPSCOMB 777 East Sonterra Blvd., Ste. 320 San Antonio, Texas 78258 Telephone: (210) 404-1320 Facsimile: (210) 404-1310

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANTS

ORAL ARGUMENT REQUESTED

i IDENTITY OF PARTIES AND COUNSEL

APPELLANTS: Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and Implicity Management Company 1

Appellants’ Counsel: Robert W. Loree State Bar No. 12579200 Todd Lipscomb State Bar No. 00789836 Cassandra Pruski State Bar No. 24083690 LOREE & LIPSCOMB 777 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 320 San Antonio, Texas 78258 Telephone: (210) 404-1320 Facsimile: (210) 404-1310

APPELLEES: Mary Winters and Mila Cheatom

Appellees’ Counsel: Jacob S. Leibowitz State Bar No. 24066930 LEIBOWITZ LAW FIRM PLLC 700 N St Mary’s St, STE 1750 San Antonio, Texas 78205

TRIAL COURT JUDGE: The Honorable Stephani Walsh District Judge of the 45th District Court Bexar County Courthouse 100 Dolorosa San Antonio, TX 78205

1 Appellants will be referred to in this brief in short form individually as “Villa Dijon” and “Implicity.”

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS

IDENTITY OF PARTIES AND COUNSEL .................................................................. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... iii INDEX OF AUTHORITIES ............................................................................................. iv Cases ............................................................................................................................ iv Rules ............................................................................................................................ iv RECORD REFERENCES................................................................................................... v STATEMENT OF THE CASE .......................................................................................... 1 ISSUES PRESENTED ......................................................................................................... 2 STATEMENT OF FACTS .................................................................................................. 2 SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT ................................................................................. 5 ARGUMENT AND AUTHORITIES ............................................................................... 6 I. Standard of Review.............................................................................................. 6 II. The trial court erred in determining that it lacked plenary power to grant Appellants’ motion for new trial. ....................................................................... 7 III. The Court erred in refusing to grant Appellants a reasonable extension of time to complete filing under Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. ........................................................................................................... 11 IV. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 13 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE .............................................................................. 14 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE ......................................................................................... 14 INDEX TO APPENDIX ................................................................................................... 15

iii INDEX OF AUTHORITIES

Cases

Aziz v. Waris, 2015 WL 5076295 (Tex.App.— Houston [1st Dist] Aug. 27, 2015, no pet.) ............................................. 6

Biffle v. Morton Rubber Indus., Inc., 785 S.W.2d 143 (Tex.1990) ....................................... 7, 8

Cappetta v. Hermes, 222 S.W.3d 160 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 2006, rehearing overruled) .................. 12

Jamar v. Patterson, 868 S.W.2d 318 (Tex.1994) .................................................................... 7

Methodist Hospitals of Dallas v. Corporate Communicators, Inc., 806 S.W.2d 879 (Tex.App.—Dallas 1991, writ denied) ............................................ 11

Reed v. Marmaxx Operating Corp., No. 4:14-CV-10, 2015 WL 123951 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 7, 2015) ..................................... 6

Rosedale Partners, Ltd. v. 131st Judicial District Court, Bexar County,, 869 S.W.2d 1643, 646 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1994, no pet.).............................. 12

Strong v. Jackson, 2005 WL 1458074 (Tex. App.—San Antonio June 22, 2005, no pet.) .................... 12

Warner v. Glass, 135 S.W.3d 681 (Tex.2004) ................................................................... 7, 8,

Rules

TEX. R. APP. P. 9.4(i) ............................................................................................................ 14

TEX. R. CIV. P. 1 ................................................................................................................... 10

TEX. R. CIV. P. 21 ............................................................................................................... 5, 8

TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(5) .................................................................................................... 8, 13

TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(6) ..................................................................................... 2, 6, 7, 11, 13

iv TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(11) ........................................................................................................ 8

TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(13) ........................................................................................................ 8

TEX. R. CIV. P. 329b ......................................................................................................... 7, 11

RECORD REFERENCES

The record references used throughout Appellants’ Brief are the following:

CR _ Clerk's Record

SCR _ Supplemental Clerk's Record

1 RR _ Volume one of the Reporter's Record

2 RR _ Volume two of the Reporter's Record

3 RR _ Volume three of the Reporter's Record

4 RR _ Volume four of the Reporter's Record

5 RR _ Volume five of the Reporter's Record

v STATEMENT OF THE CASE

Nature of the case:

Plaintiffs/Appellees, Mary Winters and Mila Cheatom, who are condominium owners, brought suit against Defendants/Appellants, Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and Implicity Management Company, for breach of contract and negligence for failing to make foundation repairs to Plaintiffs’ condominiums. (CR 1- 9) Villa Dijon is a condominium association, who hired Implicity, a management company, to manage that association and the condominium complex. (CR 1-9)

The Default Judgment:

Winters and Cheatom filed suit on January 6, 2015. (CR 1-9) Appellants failed to answer timely. On March 9, 2015, Plaintiffs took a default judgment against Villa Dijon and Implicity. (CR 10-15) The order granting the default judgment also severed the case against Appellants into a new cause number to make the default judgment final. (CR 14-15)

The Motion for New Trial:

Within 30 days of this default judgment, Appellants filed a motion for new trial on April 6, 2015 and set it for a hearing on April 10, 2015. (CR 38) On the day of the hearing, Appellees filed a response to the motion for new trial. (CR 56) At the April 10 hearing, the trial court heard each party’s argument, considered their evidence, and then granted Villa Dijon’s and Implicity’s motion for new trial on the record and notated this granting of the motion in her judge’s notes for the hearing. (2 RR 11, 2 RR 19, SCR 44)

The Motion for Rehearing:

On April 13, 2015, Appellees filed a motion for rehearing and motion to deny entry of order granting new trial alleging that the district court did not have plenary power and jurisdiction to decide the motion for new trial. (CR 63) Appellees set the hearing on this motion for April 30, 2015. (CR 66) Appellants responded claiming the district court did have jurisdiction as the motion was timely filed, or alternatively, requesting that the district court order the motion timely filed pursuant to Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rule of Civil Procedure. (SCR 1) After holding two days of hearings on Appellees’ motion, the district court determined it did not have plenary power to grant the motion for new trial. (4 RR 17) Appellants filed their notice of appeal on June 3, 2015. (CR 151)

1 The Fourth Court’s Show Cause Order:

On September 28, 2015, Appellees filed a motion to dismiss Appellants’ appeal claiming that the Fourth Court lacked jurisdiction to consider this appeal. On September 10, 2015, the Fourth Court issued a show cause order to Appellants on the jurisdictional question raised by Appellees. On September 25, 2015, Appellants responded to this show cause order. In an October 1, 2015 order, the Fourth Court held that it had jurisdiction of this appeal and that the Bexar County District Clerk made an apparent error in not filing Appellants’ motion for new trial in the severed cause number.

ISSUES PRESENTED

1) The trial court erred in determining it lacked plenary power to enter an order on Villa Dijon’s and Implicity’s motion for new trial because the motion for new trial was timely filed.

2) If the motion for new trial was not timely filed, the trial court erred in refusing to order that the motion was timely filed pursuant to Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rule of Civil Procedure, which mandates that the trial court allow Appellants an extension of time to file due to technical filing error in the district court’s electronic filing system.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

Appellees are two individuals who purchased condominiums in the Villa Dijon

Condominium complex. (CR 1-9) They claim that the slab foundation under their

condominiums is defective, that Villa Dijon and Implicity have a contractual and

common law duty to repair the foundation under their units, and that Villa Dijon and

Implicity breached that duty by failing to repair the foundation. (CR 1-9)

Ms. Winters and Ms. Cheatom filed suit on January 6, 2015 alleging breach of

contract and negligence against Villa Dijon and Implicity. (CR 1-9) Appellants’

registered agent, Jody Marquez, received service on January 23, 2015. (SCR 13) Her

office forwarded the citations to the insurer’s agent, Commercial Insurance Solutions,

2 shortly thereafter as was her usual course of business when sued was served. (SCR 13)

The insurer’s agent then mistakenly forwarded the citations to York Risk Services

Group, Inc., a third party administrator, instead of Hiscox, the applicable insurance

carrier. (3 RR 8-11, 14-16, 20-25) As a result, Hiscox was not notified and did not

answer on behalf of Implicity and Villa Dijon. (3 RR 7-8, 9-10, 21)

On March 9, 2015, the trial court granted Plaintiffs a default judgment against

Villa Dijon and Implicity, who were two of the five Defendants in the original case

No. 2015-CI-00148, and then severed the claims against Villa Dijon and Implicity into

a new cause number, 2015-CI-03926. (CR 10-15) On April 6, 2015, Appellants timely

filed a motion for new trial bearing both the original and severed cause numbers. (CR

38, 2 RR 1) During the filing of the motion for new trial, Appellants attempted to file

the motion electronically in both the original and severed cause numbers, but were

prohibited from electronically filing into the severed case as the case was closed in

error by the Bexar County District Clerk’s office. (SCR 6-7, 3 RR 19, 5 RR 274)

Appellants’ counsel’s legal secretary, Lisa Hernandez, contacted the clerk’s

office who led her to believe the motion would be filed in both cause numbers. (SCR

6-7, 3 RR 19-22) Shortly after the phone call, Mrs. Hernandez received an email

confirmation attaching a file stamped copy of the motion for new trial bearing both

the original and served cause numbers that indicated that the filing was accepted. (3

RR 22, SCR 7-8) Appellants’ counsel did not receive notice that the motion was not

filed in both cases or that the filing was rejected in any way. (3 RR 28-29)

3 Appellees received notice of the motion for new trial and responded. (CR 56-

60) On April 10, 2015, the trial court then held a hearing on the motion for new trial

at which both Appellees and Appellants appeared, presented evidence, and argued the

merits of the motion. (2 RR) The trial court granted Villa Dijon’s and Implicity’s

motion for new trial contingent upon payment of attorney’s fees and court costs by

Appellants to Appellees. The trial court notated and signed her ruling granting the

motion in the judge’s notes for the hearing. (2 RR 11, 2 RR 19, SCR 44) Appellants

tendered that payment to Appellees. (SCR 46-47, 4 RR 17-18)

On April 13, 2015, after appellees received payment and a proposed formal

order from Appellants, Appellees filed a motion for rehearing in the severed cause

alleging for the first time that the trial court did not have jurisdiction to set aside the

default judgment because the motion for new trial was never technically filed in the

severed cause, but was only technically filed in the original case even though

Appellants had a file marked copy of the motion for new trial bearing both the

original and severed cause numbers. (CR 63, 38) While Appellees filed their motion

for rehearing three days after the hearing on the motion for new trial, Appellees did

not set this motion for hearing until April 30, 2015, more than two weeks after the

motion was filed and a week after Appellants’ deadline to file a motion for extension

of time to file a notice of appeal. (CR 63)

Villa Dijon and Implicity responded to the motion for rehearing and contended

that among various grounds, the failure to file the motion for new trial in the severed

4 cause was a result of a mistake of the district clerk or the electronic filing system,

which the trial court could correct under the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. (CR 145)

In two days of hearings on April 30 and May 1, 2015, the trial court did not correct

this mistake. (4 RR 15-17) The trial also determined that when it heard Appellants’

motion for new trial on the severed case on April 10, 2015, it had already lost

jurisdiction and the power to decide it on April 8, 2015 (30 days after the default

judgment) because the motion for new trial had not technically been filed in the

severed case. (4 RR 15)

Appellants then filed their notice of appeal on June 3, 2015. (CR 151)

SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT

Appellants assert that the trial court erred in determining it did not have

jurisdiction to grant the motion for new trial since that motion was timely filed and

extended the court’s plenary power. Pursuant to Rule 21 of the Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure “An electronically filed document is deemed filed when transmitted to the

filing party's electronic filing service provider.” TEX. R. CIV. P. 21. It is undisputed

that Appellants’ motion for new trial was timely transmitted to the district clerk and

accepted for filing at April 6, 2015 at 2:49:18 PM and there is no rule or law ordering

that the document be submitted twice for filing in a second case when the document

bears two cause numbers. (SCR 8) The motion was thus timely filed and extended the

court’s plenary power. (SCR 8) Therefore, the trial court erred in determining that it

5 had no plenary power, and this case should be remanded for a new trial consistent

with the trial court’s ruling at the hearing granting Villa Dijon’s and Implicity’s motion

for new trial.

If the Fourth Court determines that the motion was not timely filed, the trial

court still erred in refusing Appellants’ request for an extension to complete the filing

due to technical error as required by Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure. At the hearings on the motion for rehearing, Appellants presented

evidence of a technical failure in the filing system resulting in the inability to file the

motion in the severed cause, thereby missing the deadline and requested relief from

the trial court. (SCR 1-7, 3 RR 19-22, 29-30) The trial court, however, erroneously

refused to grant Appellants the relief required by Rule 21(f)(6) and this case should be

remanded so that Appellants can cure the filing error.

ARGUMENT AND AUTHORITIES

I. Standard of Review

After a diligent search, Appellants have not been able to find any authority

reviewing the application of Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure.2 See

2 As it only became effective on January 1, 2014, Appellants were only able to find two cases addressing Rule 21(f)(6) and both of those cases only noted the existence of the rule in dicta. See Reed v. Marmaxx Operating Corp., No. 4:14-CV-10, 2015 WL 123951, at *5 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 7, 2015); Aziz v. Waris, No. 01-15-00175-CV, 2015 WL 5076295, at *3 (Tex.App.— Houston [1st Dist] Aug. 27, 2015, no pet.)

6 TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(6). Appellants believe that the application of 21(f)(6) should be

reviewed de novo as Rule 21(f)(6) does not grant discretion to the District Court. Id.

II. The trial court erred in determining that it lacked plenary power to grant Appellants’ motion for new trial.

It is undisputed that if Appellants’ motion for new trial was timely filed, the

trial court had plenary power to hear and grant a new trial in this case. See TEX. R. CIV.

P. 329b. After it had heard and granted the motion for new trial, however, the trial

court ruled that the motion was not timely filed in the severed cause. (4 RR 14-19) As

such, if this Court finds that the motion was timely filed, the case must be remanded

for a new trial pursuant to the trial court’s granting of the motion for new trial.

“Generally, ‘an instrument is deemed in law filed at the time it is left with the

clerk, regardless of whether or not a file mark is placed on the instrument and

regardless of whether the file mark gives some other date of filing.’ ” Warner v. Glass,

135 S.W.3d 681, 684 (Tex.2004) (per curiam) (quoting Standard Fire Ins. Co. v. LaCoke,

585 S.W.2d 678, 680 (Tex.1979)); see also Jamar v. Patterson, 868 S.W.2d 318, 319

(Tex.1994) (per curiam) (“In a long line of cases, this court has held that a document

is ‘filed’ when it is tendered to the clerk, or otherwise put under the custody or control

of the clerk.”). The purpose of these rules is to protect a party from being penalized

by the errors and omissions of the court clerk. See Biffle v. Morton Rubber Indus., Inc., 785

S.W.2d 143, 144 (Tex.1990)(per curiam). Likewise, under the Texas Rules of Civil

7 Procedure, “An electronically filed document is deemed filed when transmitted to the

filing party's electronic filing service provider.” TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(5).

There is no rule or law requiring that a document be electronically tendered to

the clerk twice when a party is filing the same document in two cases. See generally TEX.

R. CIV. P. 21; BEXAR COUNTY LOCAL RULES FOR ELECTRONIC FILING (setting out the

parameters for E-filing in Bexar County). The rules specifically state: “The clerk may

not refuse to file a document that fails to conform with this rule. But the clerk may

identify the error to be corrected and state a deadline for the party to resubmit the

document in a conforming format.” TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(11). If a party needed to re-

tender an identical document for filing in a second case, then pursuant to Rule

21(f)(11), the clerk should conditionally file the document bearing both cause

numbers, identify the error in the filing, and give the filer a deadline to re-tender the

document. Simply put, “Once a party has satisfied his duty to put a legal instrument in

the custody and the control of the court clerk, he should not be penalized for errors

made by the court clerk.” Warner v. Glass, 135 S.W.3d 681, 684 (Tex.2004) (per

curiam) (citing Biffle, 785 S.W.2d at 144).

Logistically, there is no need for a second tender because, “The clerk is not

required to keep both paper and electronic versions of the same document unless

otherwise required by local rule.” TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(13). If an identical document is

to be filed, pursuant to the rules, the Clerk only needs one electronic copy.

8 In this case, it is undisputed that the Appellants tendered the motion for new

trial bearing both cause numbers to the clerk timely. (SCR 8) It is also undisputed

that the clerk did not reject the filing, notify Appellants of any error, or give

Appellants a deadline to re-file. (3 RR 22, 28-29, SCR 7-8) At the hearing, Appellees

only complained that it wasn’t placed in the hands of the clerk “in both cases.” (3 RR

33) The trial court agreed, and ruled that it did not have plenary power at the time of

the hearing on the motion for new trial in the severed case. (4 RR 14-17) The

heightened burden advanced by the trial court is simply not supported by common

law or Texas Rules of Civil Procedure and as such, the ruling that the trial court

lacked plenary power was erroneous as a matter of law.

Prior to e-filing, if Appellants had hand-filed or filed the motion by mail in the

exact same format as it was electronically tendered in this case, it would have been

deemed timely filed in both cases as it bore both cause numbers. (SCR 8-13); See

generally Warner v. Glass, 135 S.W.3d 681, 684 (Tex.2004)(per curiam). When the

Supreme Court mandated e-filing, it also amended Rule 21 of the Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure to establish the proper parameters for e-filing in this state. See TEXAS

SUPREME COURT MISC. DOCKET NO. 13-9165. The Supreme Court did not create the

burden to which the trial court held Appellants. It did not order that two separate

electronic transmissions were required to deem an identical motion timely filed in

multiple cases and this Court should not either.

9 Furthermore, neither Appellees nor the trial court was prejudiced by

Appellants’ single transmission of the motion for new trial. The trial court was able to

read the motion and hold a hearing on its merits. Appellees received notice of the

motion, were able to timely file its response, presented evidence on the motion’s

merits, and were able to fully argue the merits of the motion at that time. (SCR 14-15,

CR 56-62, 2 RR )

It was not until after the motion for new trial was fully briefed, argued, and

orally granted that anyone discovered the motion for new trial had only been filed in

one of the two cases. (3 RR 5-9) The trial court’s ruling was purely based upon a

technicality that is not favored by the modern approach of liberal interpretation for

the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure and penchant for deciding cases on the merits. See

TEX. R. CIV. P. 1 (mandating that all rules of civil procedure be given a liberal

construction to promote the just, fair, equitable and impartial adjudication of the

rights of litigants.).

Under the common law and the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, the trial

court’s reliance on Appellees’ hyper-technical contention that the district clerk had

not actually filed the motion in the severed cause was erroneous as was her ruling that

Appellants’ filed marked motion for new trial bearing both cause numbers did not

extended the trial court’s plenary power. Consequently, this case should be remanded

for a new trial constituent with the trial court’s ruling on the merits of Appellants’

10 motion for new trial. Such a result would also satisfy the goal of the Texas Rules of

Civil Procedure to have cases decided on their merits and not on technicalities.

III. The Court erred in refusing to grant Appellants a reasonable extension of time to complete filing under Rule 21(f)(6) of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure.

As discussed above, Rule 21 of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure provides the

rules for e-filing in Texas. Section 21(f)(6) of Rule 21 provides:

If a document is untimely due to a technical failure or a system outage, the filing party may seek appropriate relief from the court. If the missed deadline is one imposed by these rules, the filing party must be given a reasonable extension of time to complete the filing. TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(6)(emphasis added).

This rule clearly requires that an extension of a deadline be given if a filing party seeks

relief from the court and shows 1) a technical failure and 2) a missed deadline

imposed by the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. Id. The rule does not reserve any

discretion for the trial court, but states that the extension “must be given.” Id.

It is undisputed that the deadline for filing a motion for new trial is imposed by

Rule 329b of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure and that in their response to

Appellees’ motion for rehearing, Appellants requested relief under 21(f)(6) to

complete the filing of its motion for new trial. TEX. R. CIV. P. 329b; (CR 146-150,

SCR 1-15) If this Court determines that the motion for new trial was not timely filed,

then the untimeliness of filing was “due to a technical error,” and the trial court was

required to give Appellants an extension. Tex. R. Civ. P. 21(f)(6). See generally, Methodist

Hospitals of Dallas v. Corporate Communicators, Inc., 806 S.W.2d 879, 884 (Tex.App.—

11 Dallas 1991, writ denied)(holding “the court has no power, where no discretion is

reserved, to suspend or modify any rule.”)

The record clearly shows a technical error occurred when Appellants attempted

to file the motion for new trial a second time into the severed cause number. Mrs.

Hernandez attempted to file the document in the severed case. The Bexar County

District Court’s e-filing system, however, would not allow her to file it (SCR 6-7, 3 RR

19, 5 RR 274), because the Bexar County District Clerk had prematurely closed the

case in error after the default judgment was filed as evident from the docket sheet

entered by Appellees. (5 RR 274) Appellants note that this is not the first time that

the Bexar County District Clerk’s Office has closed a case in error. It has a history of

doing so. See Cappetta v. Hermes, 222 S.W.3d 160, 163 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 2006,

rehearing overruled)(district clerk misinformed counsel as to the status of the case and

noted in the record the case was closed pending a ruling in the bankruptcy court);

Rosedale Partners, Ltd. v. 131st Judicial District Court, Bexar County, 869 S.W.2d 643, 646

(Tex. App.—San Antonio 1994, no pet)(determining that all claims and defenses were

not disposed when “the docket sheet shows an entry, contemporaneous with the

entry of the default judgment, indicating ‘case closed’”); Strong v. Jackson, No. 04-04-

00135-CV, 2005 WL 1458074, at *1 (Tex. App.—San Antonio June 22, 2005, no

pet.)(determining summary judgment did not dispose all issues in the case and noting

“the district clerk closed the case with the notation “Case Closed Summary Judgment”

on the same day the trial judge signed the summary judgment”).

12 Mrs. Hernandez then called the clerk’s office to notify them of the error and to

get them to reopen the case. (SCR 6-7, 3 RR 19-22) The clerk gave her the impression

that the document would be filed in both cases and the case would be reopened. (3

RR 22, 29; SCR 7-8) The severed case was later reopened as evident by the

subsequent electronic filings, but unbeknownst to Appellants its motion for new trial

had not been filed in both cases. (3 RR 28-29, 4 RR 17, 5 RR 274, CR 56-62)

This error was clearly a technical error and the trial court was required to give

Appellants the requested extension. It did not, and the case should be remanded so

that Appellants can complete the filing.

IV. Conclusion

In conclusion, this case must be remanded because the motion for new trial

was timely filed pursuant to Rule 21(f)(5) of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure and

trial court erred in determining that it lacked plenary power to rule on Appellants’

motion for new trial. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(5). Even if this Court finds that the

motion for new trial was not timely filed, the case must still be remanded so that

Appellants are granted an extension to complete the filing pursuant to Rule 21(f)(6) of

the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 21(f)(6). Ordering otherwise

would be contrary to the rules of civil procedure and would go against the modern

trend of deciding cases on the merits, rather than on procedural technicalities.

13 Respectfully submitted,

Loree & Lipscomb 777 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 320 San Antonio, Texas 78258 Telephone: (210) 404-1320 Facsimile: (210) 404-1310

By: s/ Robert W. Loree Robert W. Loree State Bar No. 12579200

Attorney for Appellants

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

Relying on the word count function in word processing software used to produce this document, I certify that the length of this document is 3,276 words excluding those portions of the document identified in TEX. R. APP. P. 9.4(i).

s/ Robert W. Loree ________________________ Robert W. Loree

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on November 11, 2015, Appellants served a true and correct copy of this response on counsel for Appellees, Jacob S. Leibowitz, 700 North St. Mary’s Street, Suite 1750, San Antonio, Texas, by electronic transmission through the Court’s electronic filing service.

s/ Robert W. Loree _________________________ Robert W. Loree

14 INDEX TO APPENDIX Order on Final Default Judgment ..............................................................................Tab A

Motion of Defendant’s Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and Implicity Management Company to Set Aside a Default Judgment and for a New Trial ....................................................................................................................... Tab B

Judge’s Notes on Motion for New Trial .................................................................... Tab C

Reporter’s Record Volume 4, Transcript of May 1, 2015 hearing ......................... Tab D

Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 21 ............................................................................... Tab E

15 APPENDIX A 2015-CI-03926 J-- -·· - _ --·- 1ssTH JUOICIAL DISTRICT COURT MARY WINTERS ET AL VS UllLA DIJON CONDO '-. '. 111111~~1111 2015 c103926 "1 ; -P000!1 J DATE FILED · 03/09/2015 __•..-1 \.iAU~l:"O. 2015Cl00148

MARY WINTERS AND MILA § CHEATOM F~E. PAlO . § § v. § IN THE DISTRICT COURT § 738 PROPERTY, LLC; CHAPA & § FULLER REALTY, LLC; DENCITY § DEVELOPMENT, LLC; VILLA § DIJON CONDOMINIUM § ASSOCIATION, INC; AND § IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT § COMPANY. §

FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. AND IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY

ON THIS DAY Plaintiffs MARY WINTERS and MILA CHEATOM (collectively,

"Plaintiffs") moved for a final default judgment against Defendants VILLA DIJON

CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. ("Villa Dijon") and IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT

COMPANY ("lmplicity") (collectively, 11 Default Defendants"). At the hearing, Plaintiffs

appeared in person and through their attorney. Default Defendants did not appear.

The Court determined it had jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties in

this proceeding. After cansidering the pleadings, the papers on file in this case, and

the evidence Plaintiffs presented on liability, damages and attorney fees, the Court

GRANTS Plaintiffs' motion for final default judgment and RENDERS judgment for

Plaintiffs MARY WINTERS and MILA CHEATOM against VILLA DIJON

CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. and IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY.

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED The Court FINDS the following: 1. Defendant Villa Dijon was served with citation and a copy of Plaintiffs' Original Petition on January 23, 2015 in accordance with the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. 2. Defendant lmplicity was served with citation and a copy of Plaintiffs' Original Petition on January 23, 2015 in accordance with the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. 3. The citations and proofs of service were on file with this Court for at least ten days before the judgment was rendered. 4. The deadline for Default Defendants to file an answer was March 3, 2015 by S:OOPM. 5. Default Defendants did not file an answer or any other pleading constituting an answer. 6. The Court granted a Default Judgment With Respect to Liability as to Villa Dijon and lmplfcity on March 6, 2015. 7. The last known address for VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. is: Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. 603 N New Braunfels Ave, STE 101 San Antonio, Texas 78217-6398

8. The last known address for IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY ls:

lmpliclty Management Company 603 N New Braunfels Ave, STE 101 San Antonio, Texas 78217-6398

9. The Court held a hearing at which Plaintiffs presented evidence by way of affidavits and exhibits admitted into evidence.

FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON AND IMPLICllY PAGE 2 OF 7 11

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED DAMAGES As a result of the evidence presented at this hearing, the Court further FINDS that MARY WINTERS sustained damages in the following amounts:

10. Loss of Market Value $ L2 (2 I I s=. 00 I

' 11. Loss of Use $ '\ / ~ l 1. rn 12.Condominium Owner's Association Fees $ ~ 0 g j- · °I s- I 1

The Court ORDERS that MARY WINTERS recover from Villa Dijon and lmplicity the damages listed in 10-12.

As a result of the evidence presented at this hearing, the Court further ANDS that MILA CHEATOM sustained damages in the following amounts:

13. Loss of Market Value $ r- 5 / ?-J. ' Q.OQ

14. Loss of Use $ '8 1 1oJ..S-O 15. Condominium Owner's Association Fees $ 5 O°\o.oo 16. Mental Anguish in the Past $ (8 l ~ S-O. oO

The Court ORDERS that MILA CHEATOM recover from Villa Dijon and lmpllcity the damages listed in 13-16.

., FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON AND IMPLICITY PAGE 3 OF7 12

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED COURT COSTS AND ATTORNEY FEES As a result of the evidence presented at this hearing, the Court further FINDS that MARY WINTERS & MILA CHEATOM incurred the following reasonable and necessary court costs and reasonable and necessary attorney fees:

17.Mary Winters Court Costs $_l___~_o_.......d.._o_ _ 18.Mila Cheatom Court Costs $ ) J.. o . )...o

19. Mary Winters Attorney Fee $ ~, \ 8.f.S-o 20. Mila Cheatom Attorney Fee $ l1 1 l~f. S-D

The Court ORDERS that MARV WINTERS and MILA CHEATOM recover from Villa Dijon and lmplicity the court costs and attorney fees listed in 17-20.

PRE-JUDGMENT AND POST-JUDGMENT INTEREST

The Court ORDERS that Plaintiff MARV WINTERS recover prejudgment

Interest on $ ~ 0 / & J... Lt • y S° (the actual damages awarded and

excluding court costs and attorney fees) at the rate of 5% from

A ~r ~ \ · .).. &, }. o \ L{ until the date of this judgment. This calculation equals:

$ 5 1 "ii'f.."-s

The Court ORDERS that Plaintiff MILA CHEATOM recover prejudgment

interest-on $ '& '3 / ~ c, l · S- D (the actual damages awarded and

excluding court costs and attorney fees) at the rate of 5% from

_A~~r-·,_\_J.._i-",_J.._c_\_Y~-- until the date of this judgment. This calculation equals: $ ) S"""°'t I} . I )

FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON AND IMPLICITY PAGE40F7 13

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED The Court ORDERS that Plaintiff MARY WINTERS recover postjudgment

interest on $ °' '"') lo\ °I · !1- ~ J (the actual damages awarded plus the

prejudgment interest plus the court costs plus the attorney fees) at the rate of 5%

compounded annuaUy from the date this judgment is entered until all amounts are

paid in full.

The Court ORDERS that Plaintiff MILA CHEATOM recover postjudgment

interest on $ <\ lD r ~ ~ '+ · ) .r (the actual damages awarded plus the

prejudgment interest plus the court costs plus the attorney fees) at the rate of 5%

compounded annually from the date this judgment Is entered until all amounts are

paid in full.

SEVERANCE The Court ORDERS that all claims against VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. and IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY are severed from Cause No. 2015CI00148. The Court ORDERS the court clerk (1) to assign the severed actions and parties the separate cause number of 2 0 l 5 C: J .· O3 9 2 6 and (2) to copy the following documents and include them in that file: 1. Plaintiffs' Original Petition, Jury Demand and Request for Disclosure; 2. The Citation and Officer's Return for Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc.; 3. The Citation and Officer's Return for lmplicity Management Company; 4. Plaintiffs' Default Judgment With Respect To Liability As To Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and lmplicity Management Company; 5. The Certificates of Last Known Address for Villa Dijon Condominium Assoqiation, Inc. and lmplicity Management Company;

FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON AND IMPLICITY PAGESOF7 14

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED 6. A copy of the docket sheet; 7. A copy of this Final Default Judgment As To Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and lmplicity Management Company; and 8. Exhibits 1 through 23 which were admitted into evidence at the hearing on the Final Default Judgment As To Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and lmplicity Management Company.

THIS JUDGMENT FINALLY DISPOSES OF ALL CLAIMS AND ALL PARTIES IN

CAUSE N0.2 0 J 5 CI 0 3 9 2 6 AND IS APPEALABLE

THE COURT ORDERS EXECUTION TO ISSUE FOR THIS JUDGMENT

SIGNEDON (Y\_~ ~ , 2015

PRESIDING J\GE ' \

FINAL DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON ANO IMPLICITY PAGE 60F 7 15

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED APPROVED AND ENTRY REQUESTED:

LEIBOWITZ LAW FIRM PLLC

By: J OBS. LEIBOWITZ (jacob@feibowitzlaw.com) Texas Bar No. 24066930 700 N St Mary's St, STE 1750 San Antonio, TX 78205 T (210) 225~8787 F (21 0) 225-2567 ATTORNEY FOR MARY WINTERS AND MILA CHEA TOM

FINA!.- DEFAULT JUDGMENT AS TO VILLA DIJON AND IMPLICITY PAGE 7 OF 7 16

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED APPENDIX B FILED • 4/6/201'5 2:49:18 PM Donna Kay McKinney Bexar Cou11ty Distrld Clerk . Accepted.By: Marc·Garcia

Cause No. 2015-Cl-00148

and

Severed Cause No. 2015-Cl-03926

MARY WINTERS AND MILA CHEATOM § INTHE DIST § Plaintiff § § v. § § 738 PROPERTY, LLC 1 CHAPA & FULLER § REALTY, LLC, DENCITY DEVELOPMENT, § LLC, VJLLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM § ~SSOCIATION, INC, AND IMPLICITY § MANAGEMENT COMPANY § § Defendants § BEXAR COUNTY, TEXAS

MOTION OF DEFENDANTS VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. r AND IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY TO SET ASIDE A DEFAULT JUDGMENT ANO FOR A. NEW TRIAL

TO THE HONORABLE JUDGE OF SAID COURT:

Defendants, Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. and lmplicity Management

Company, file this motion ·to set aside the March 9, 2015 default judgment against these

Defendants and grant a new trial. In support of this motion, Defendants would show this

honorable court the following:

I. Introduction

Defendant Villa Dijon Condominlum Association , Inc. (hereafter ~villa Dijon") is a

condominium association in whlch each Plaintiff owns a condominium. Defendant lmplicity

Management Company (hereafter "lmplicity") is a management company retained by Villa Dijon

to manage the condominium association .

On .January 6, 2015 , Plaintiffs, Mary Winters and Mila Cheatom sued Defendants Villa

Dijon and lmpllcity for breach of contract and negligence for not repairing foundation movement

and related damage to Plaintiffs' units at the Villa Dijon Condominiums. The Court signed a

Default Judgment for Plaintlffs against Villa Dijon and lmplicity on March 9, 2015. In addition,

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type: MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIDIJl~~'J JUDGMENT

38 t r- I' DOCUMENT SCANNED AS f;t&b,/-( I) I ( '\ p the court ordered that anclaims against Villa Dijon and lmplicity be severed from Cause No.

II. Arguments and Authorities

124, 126 (Tex. 1939);

a. Demonstrate that the failure to file an answer or appear at a hearing was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference. but was a mistake or accident. Estate of Pol/acl< v. McMu"ey, 858 S.W. 388, 391 Tex _1993);

b. Set up a meritorious defense. Ivy v. Carrell, 407 S.W.2d 212, 214 (Tex. 1966); and

c . Demonstrate that granting a new trial will not result in delay or prejudice the plaintiff.

By this-motion, Defendants wlll show that they easily satisfy these requirements and are entitled to having the default judgment set aside.

A. Defendant's failure to answer was the result of a mistake or accident

The court should grant a new trial because defendant's failure to answer was not

intentional, but was a mistake or accident. On or about January 23, 2015, Plaintiffs served Jody

Marquez, the registered agent for Villa Dijon and lmplicity. Ms. Marquez Is the president of

lmpliclty, who manages Villa Dijon. After being served, Ms. Marquez had her office send the

lawsuits to the insurance agents for Villa Dijon and lmplicity as she had been previously been

instructed by those agents so they could notify the insurer, who would then answer the lawsuit.

As a-result, Ms. Marquez believed that once she had sent the lawsuits to her Insurance agents,

the insurer would file an answer for VIiia Dijon and lmplicity, She even received an email from

the insurance agent on February 17 1 2015 stating that he had obtained an extension to answer

the lawsuit. but no such answer was thereafter fi led for either Villa Dijon or lmplicity. After

receiving the March 9, 2015 default judgment, Villa Dijon and fmplicity retained the undersigned

counsel to set aside the default judgment. These facts are supported by the attached affidavit of

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type; MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIDlflijfil'l\W-1 JUDGMENT

39 2

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED Jody Marquez and clearly show that Villa Dijon's and lmplicity1s failure to answer was an

Plaintiffs have sued Villa Dijon and lmpliclty for breach of contract and n

Is no contract between Plaintiffs and these Defendants. Under the Declarations and BYlb:sail'?"'

Villa D!jon, it only has the obligation of maintenance of the common elements of the association.

It is not required to maintain or repair any portion of the common elements that serves only the

Individual unit owner's condominium, like the slab under Plainttffs 1 unit. As a result, Villa Dijon

does not have a duty to maintain or repair the foundation under Plalntiffs' condominiums . Since

there is no such duty under the Declarations and Syraws, Villa Dijon cannot be liable for any

negiigence In regards to that duty.

Defendant lmplicity as the management company has no contract with Plaintiffs. It is

also not responsible for the maintenance or repair of the common elements of Villa Dijon under

the subject Declarations and Bylaws. As a result, it is also not liable for negligence In regards to

any maintenance or repair duty on the foundation of Plaintiffs' condominiums.

C. Ptaintiffs will suffer no Injury or harm in the granting of a new trial.

The court should grant a new trial because a new trial wm not delay or prejudice plaintiff.

Defendants are ready for trial and are willing and able to reimburse Plaintiffs for all reasonably

expenses Incurred in obtaining the default judgment.

For all these reasons, and in the interest of justice and fairness, VIiia Dijon Condominium

Assoc ation, Inc. and lmplicity Management Company request that the court grant this motion,

set aside the March 9.• 2015 final judgment, and award Villa Dijon and lmplicity a new trial and

such other relief as may be proper.

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type: MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIDlf>ij,fC™lt.'1 JUDGMENT

40 3

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED Respectfully submitted,

Attorney for Defendants

ORDER SETTING HEARING

It is ORDERED that a hearing on De.fendants' Moti.on to Set Aside Default Judgment and 9:00 for a New Trial is set at-&.98 a.m. on April 10. 2015 in the presiding District Court, Room 109 of

Bexar County, Texas. 4/6/2015 Cathl:e en M. Stryker Presiding Judge J~~~hsi51~trict Court CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby cert fled that counsel for Defendants has served a true and correct copy of this motion on counsel for Plaintiffs Jacob S. Leibowitz, 700 North St. Mary's Street, Suite 1750, San Antonio, Texas, by email to Jacob@Jeibowltzlaw.com and by facsimile transmission to {210) 225-2567.

Case Number 2015CI00148 Document Type. MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIOIJ>~~ JUDGMENT

41 4

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED Cause No. 2015-CI-00148

Plaintiff

v.

REALTY, LLC, DENCITY DEVELOPMENT, LLC, VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC, AND IMPLICITY MANAGEMENT COMPANY Defendants BEXAR COUNTY, TEXAS

AfFIDAVIT OF TODY MARQUEZ

ST ATE OF TEXAS § § COUNTY OF BEXAR §

BEFORE ME, the undersigned authorily, on th.is day personally a?peared Jody

Marquez, who after being duly sworn, stated as follows;

1. My name is Jody L. Marquez. Jam over 18 years of age and Teim fuJly competent to make this affidavit. I am the president and sole owner of Plainliff, Implicity Management Company (hereafter ''Implicily"), and have personal knowledge of the facts ~rated in this affidavit, all of which nrc true and c:orrC<'t.

2. I first became affiliated with the multifamily real estate leasing industry in 1985 when I took a part-time leasing position while worlcing to become a licensed realtor in the state of Texas. Ever since, l have 30 years of experience in the residential real estate leasing and management industry.

3. In May 2009, I opened lmplicity for business with my partners and in September of 2011, l became sole owner of the company. At all times since its opening, I have beP.n president of Implkity.

4. ln 2009, Villa Dijon Condominium Association, Inc. (hereafter "VllJa Dijon") retained Jmplicity to manage the association. Under that management agreement, lmplicity procures both the property and liability insurance for Villa Dijon, which is conunon practice in the industry. Pursuant to this responsibility, I procured such insurancP.

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type. MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIDIH~~1 JUDGMENT

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED ..

for Villa Dijon through an insurance agent, Commercial Insurance Solutions of Dallas Texas. lmplicity also procured its insurance through the same ·. . agent insl1·ucted me to notify them wh~.never lmplicity had a claj111 ~~.~Jl«~-4'9 the agent would then notify the insurer, which is standard practice · ~clus ··.. 'b s..... ,: o . ... c:::. ·z 5. Ma1·y Winters and Mila Chen tom served me, Jody Marquez, on 01· • ~~ Ja • , ~ -~ 2015. I am the registered agent for Villa Dijon and Implicity. Afte ~il).g s e~\i .: -:--t had my office send the lawsuits to my insurance agents for Villa Dij 'fui~. plk~···· ~ as I would when a claim or lawsuit occurs. The agents were suppose' · n~Cift'lhc insurer, who would then answer the lawsuit for Villa Dijon and llllpli~~~~P-­ sent the lawsuits to my insurance agents, I believed that the mattel' would be taken care of and that the insurer would answer the lawsuits fo1· Villa Dijon and Implicity.

6. J even received an email from the insurance agent on February 17, 2015 that said that he had obtained extension to answer the lawsuit, but no such answer was thereafter filed for Villa Dijon or hnplicity. I did not intentionaJly fail to answer the lawsuit against Villa Dijon and lmplidty and the insurance agents mistakenly faiJed to keep me informed. After receiving the March 9, 2015 default judgment. Villa Dijon and lmplicity retained attorney Robert W. Loree t~~the-d a ult ·!$\ nt.

Further affiant sayeth not.

SWORN TO AND SUBSCRIBED BEFORE ME on April~ 2015.

ublic, Stare of Texas

My Commission ~xpires:(o - z.

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type· MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASID8'~~'1 JUDGMENT

2 43

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED .. CERTIFIED COPY CERTIFICATE STATE OF TEXAS I, DONNA KAY M'l

May 19, 2015

T TllE CLERXS'S OR/GIN.-«L SIGNA TUR£.J

Case Number: 2015CI00148 Document Type· MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL AND SET ASIDIM~P;O-ML1' JUDGMENT

DOCUMENT SCANNED AS FILED APPENDIX C 44 45 APPENDIX D 1

2 VOLUME 4 OF 5 VOLUMES 3 TRIAL COURT CAUSE NO. 2015-CI-00148 FILED IN 4 MARY WINTERS, ET AL 4th COURT ) IN THE DISTRICT COURTOF APPEALS SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS ) 5 VS. ) 166TH JUDICIAL06/18/2015 DISTRICT 3:26:35 PM ) KEITH E. HOTTLE 6 738 PROPERTY, LLC, ET AL ) BEXAR COUNTY, TEXAS Clerk

8 TRIAL COURT CAUSE NO. 2015-CI-03926

) 10 VS. ) 166TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT ) ASSOCIATION, INC., ET AL ) BEXAR COUNTY, TEXAS 12

13 --------------------------------------------------------- 14

16 MAY 1, 2015 17 VOLUME 4 OF 5 VOLUMES

18 --------------------------------------------------------- 19 On the 1st day of May 2015, the following proceedings 20 came on to be heard in the above-entitled and numbered cause 21 before the HONORABLE STEPHANI WALSH, Judge Presiding, held 22 in the 45th District Court, San Antonio, Bexar County, 23 Texas: 24 Proceedings reported by machine shorthand. 25

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 2

2 A P P E A R A N C E S:

3 MR. JACOB SAMUEL LEIBOWITZ 4 SBOT: 24066930 MR. DAVID MCQUADE LEIBOWITZ 5 SBOT: 12179800 DAVID MCQUADE LEIBOWITZ, P.C. 6 700 N. St. Mary's, Suite 1750 San Antonio, Texas 78205 7 Phone: (210)225-8787 ATTORNEYS FOR PLAINTIFF, MARY WINTERS 8

SBOT: 12579200 777 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 320 11 San Antonio, Texas 78258-4276 Phone: (210)404-1320 12 ATTORNEY FOR DEFENDANTS, VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC., ET AL 13

14 (Telephonically)

SBOT: 24043814 325 N. St. Paul Street, Suite 1500 17 Dallas, Texas 75201 Phone: (214)965-8500 18 ATTORNEY FOR DEFENDANTS, VILLA DIJON CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC. 19

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 3

3 VOLUME 4 OF 5 VOLUMES 4 MAY 1, 2015 5 PAGE VOL 6 CAPTION .......................................... 1 4 7 APPEARANCES ...................................... 2 4 8 CHRONOLOGICAL INDEX .............................. 3 4 9 REPORTER'S CERTIFICATION.......................... 20 4

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 4

2 MAY 1, 2015

3 (1:42 p.m. before the Court.) 4 (Phone call made from the bench.)

5 THE COURT: This is Judge Walsh in

6 San Antonio, Texas. And a Mr. Robert McNeil had requested

7 to be part of a hearing telephonically.

8 UNIDENTIFIED SPEAKER: Okay. Please hold.

9 Thank you.

10 MR. MCNEIL: Hello?

11 THE COURT: Mr. McNeil, this is Judge Walsh in

12 San Antonio.

13 MR. MCNEIL: Hello, Judge. How are you?

14 THE COURT: I am fine. And we have not called

15 the case. I just want to make sure that we could hear you

16 and make sure you speak loud enough, so that's good.

17 MR. MCNEIL: Okay. I hear you just fine,

18 Judge.

19 THE COURT: All right. And present in the

20 courtroom is Mr. Lipscomb.

21 MR. LIPSCOMB: Yes. Todd Lipscomb on behalf

22 of the defendants.

23 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: And Jacob Leibowitz and

24 David Leibowitz on behalf of the plaintiffs.

25 THE COURT: And can you hear Mr. Leibowitz?

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 5

1 MR. MCNEIL: I can, Your Honor.

2 THE COURT: All right. Then we'll call the

3 case.

4 Calling Cause No. 2015-CI-00148, resuming a

5 hearing which was initiated yesterday at 1:30. And for the

6 record, would counsel make your announcements for the record

7 since we have changed counsel a bit.

8 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: Jacob Leibowitz and

9 David Leibowitz for the plaintiffs, Your Honor.

10 MR. LIPSCOMB: And Todd Lipscomb on behalf of

11 the defendants. I'm here to replace Mr. Loree who, after

12 going to chemotherapy and radiation this morning, was unable

13 to attend.

14 MR. MCNEIL: Robert McNeil on behalf of

15 defendant, 738 Properties, LLC, and defendant, Density.

16 THE COURT: All right. Mr. Leibowitz, this

17 was your motion yesterday, so if you have anything

18 additional, you may present it to the Court.

19 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: Your Honor, all I have

20 is just some responses to the response I received from

21 Mr. Lipscomb today right before the hearing, and I'd just

22 like to make those arguments for the record.

23 THE COURT: And for the record, in the

24 interim, defendants 738 -- or Villa Dijon Condominium has

25 filed a response to plaintiff's motion for rehearing and

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 6

1 motion to deny entry of order granting new trial which has

2 been filed with the court and provided to counsel.

3 Proceed, Mr. Leibowitz.

4 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: Thank you, Your Honor.

5 Counsel has listed three different arguments

6 for why the Court should ultimately have had jurisdiction.

7 The first is that the motion for new trial was

8 timely filed in both the severed case and unsevered causes.

9 And the reasoning that they put in this response is that the

10 file stamped copy of the motion constitutes prima facia

11 evidence that the motion was timely filed.

12 We spent a considerable amount of time

13 yesterday, and I presented to the Court Plaintiff's Exhibit

14 1 and 2, which were admitted which were the docket sheets

15 which are substantive proof, as opposed to prima facie

16 proof, that that's not true, that the motion for new trial

17 was not filed in the new cause number which dispenses with

18 that argument.

19 Where respect to the second argument, the

20 responses that even if the motion for new trial was filed

21 solely in the non severed cause, the Court still has plenary

22 power, and several paragraphs are spent on cases that are

23 actually discussed in the Levin v. Espinosa case that I

24 brought to the Court's attention yesterday which is the

25 memorandum opinion.

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 7

1 And the Levin v. Espinosa case effectively

2 shows why Philbrook v. Berry still applies and is still good

3 law despite that these cases try and limit Philbrook's

4 power. And in fact, there's several paragraphs, most

5 explicitly on the copy I gave the Court yesterday, the

6 second to the last page in the concurring opinion, that

7 deals with the Leal case, Leal v. City of Rosenberg. And

8 this is on the second to the last page which is in the

9 concurring opinion for Levin v. Espinosa.

10 It says: Given the Supreme Court's trend

11 toward putting substance over procedure when reviewing

12 attempts to invoke appellate jurisdiction, some courts of

13 appeal believe the Supreme Court has effectively overruled

14 Philbrook. And it cites Leal v. Rosenberg.

15 And then it continues: Nevertheless, as the

16 majority points out, the Supreme Court recently clarified

17 that a motion for new trial may not be considered, quote, a

18 bona fide attempt to invoke the appellate court's

19 jurisdiction. And it's quoting in re: K.A.F., which is

20 160 S.W. 3d 923, 2005 Texas Supreme Court case.

21 So effectively, the second point which

22 attempts to deal with all of the cases that Levin v.

23 Espinosa, basically, dispenses with the terms of trying to

24 eliminate the precedential value of Philbrook. None of

25 those arguments actual prevail as a result.

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 8

1 And in C, the responses that in the

2 alternative the Court should order that the motion for new

3 trial was filed -- was filed in the severed cause action as

4 of April 6th. And the reasons counsel cites Texas Rule of

5 Civil Procedure 21(f)(6), talking about technical failures.

6 There was -- there's no actual proof of a technical glitch

7 with the electronic filing. There was a little bit of

8 testimony that it seemed not to work, but there's no actual

9 technical glitch with the system. The rule specifically

10 says if a document is untimely filed due to a technical

11 failure or system outage -- there's no proof whatsoever of a

12 technical failure or system outage, which is their third

13 argument.

14 And those are my current responses to the

15 response.

16 THE COURT: Mr. Lipscomb.

17 MR. LIPSCOMB: Thank you, Your Honor. And

18 it's nice to meet you.

19 What I'd like to go on first is straight in

20 order. And if you look at Exhibit B to our motion, that is

21 actually the file stamped copy that the district clerk

22 returned to us.

23 Do you have a copy of it, Your Honor?

24 THE COURT: I do, Your Honor. I mean, I do.

25 MR. LIPSCOMB: You complement me. As you'll

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 9

1 see in the top left-hand corner, it shows it's file marked

2 and stamped, and you'll see it has both cause numbers on it.

3 If the clerk didn't do what they said and filed in the cause

4 that the system prohibited us from filing it, why does that

5 docket entry control over the stamped motion itself, which

6 was not only stamped, but is then signed by the presiding

7 judge, Kathleen Stryker, when she signs the fiat and changes

8 the time of the hearing.

9 It's no different than if you have a docket

10 entry on a hearing, an order then comes through, that

11 subsequent order controls until it's modified. No

12 different. There's no authority they have anywhere saying

13 some docket sheet trumps the signed or the file stamped

14 motion. And in fact, fiat order that has both cause numbers

15 on it.

16 So we believe that that is evidence, and the

17 only evidence that should be construed because a docket

18 entry is not sufficient.

19 And by way of example, if this Court signed an

20 order, and for some reason the clerk's office on a paper

21 copy simply transposed it into the wrong file, would that

22 somehow viciate the Court's order? No. Simply because

23 there's an error on the clerk's end or on the computerized

24 system's end does not eliminate the fact that it was done,

25 signed and filed. And that's why we still have paper copies

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 10

1 so when errors like this do occur, they can be corrected

2 because we have the paper to show that it was done. That's

3 the first argument.

4 But the second argument goes to what I think

5 of in most appellate areas nowadays, is that Philbrook is

6 archaic. And what I mean by that is, the only case we've

7 been able to find that really applies it now -- it's this

8 memorandum opinion out of the Austin Court of Appeals that's

9 February -- which I'm sure is probably going to be appealed.

10 But what's significant about it, and it does go through some

11 distinguishing cases, is that in that case, the clerk gave

12 actual notice to the party that they didn't file it right.

13 That's not this case. That's why the other procedural

14 concerns aren't there.

15 When they did give the party notice, they

16 filed the motion for new trial, but it was then untimely and

17 they still could have availed themselves for a motion for

18 extension of time. That is why it was rejected, is that

19 when you fail to do that extension of time, you're not

20 making a bona fide attempt to invoke the jurisdiction.

21 Now, the distinguishing factor on Leal is not

22 on point. All it says in distinguishing Leal is that some

23 courts confuse the notice of appeal and the motion for new

24 trial. And that by implementing the motion for new trial is

25 not sufficient enough to invoke the appellate court's

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 11

1 jurisdiction, which in turn is actually done by the notice

2 of appeal. They don't say it's bad. They don't say

3 anything else because they acknowledge that virtually all

4 the other courts of appeals have thrown Philbrook out the

5 window.

6 Yesterday, Rob came back to my office and had

7 an excellent question. And he says: Is there a difference

8 between extending the plenary power of the trial court and

9 the appellate jurisdiction being invoked by notice of

10 appeal? I looked hard. I don't have an answer. There's

11 probably some brighter minds than me looking at the darn

12 thing.

13 But what I do come up with is the idea of

14 they're both jurisdictional documents. They're both

15 situations that vest the court with power in one form or

16 another. And what the trend has been, since the court has

17 changed in the early '90's, all been towards the bona fide

18 dispute standard. And is there something there that shows

19 or puts the other parties or the courts on notice that this

20 is something that's either being appealed or requested for a

21 new trial. And there's no reason it should have a different

22 standard.

23 In every case they rely upon, it is a

24 situation where there has completely omitted a number. They

25 filed it in the severed cause, they should have filed it in

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 12

1 the unsevered cause, and there's no cause number here. Our

2 document has both. There's no way you can construe a

3 document that has both cause numbers on there as not a bona

4 fide attempt to invoke it in both cases. And that's the one

5 distinguishing factor that throws all of their cases out the

6 window. Because in this case, it has to be construed as a

7 bona fide attempt because it has both cause numbers and it

8 asks it to reverse the final judgment, to the best my

9 knowledge, has only been done in the severed cause.

10 That is why some appellate practitioners

11 recommending putting both causes of action on one document

12 is so that you don't have conflicts between the two because

13 many times you can transpose it and have the parties or

14 something being different.

15 So what they suggest is dot your "I's," cross

16 your "T's," file it in both. And at worse, it's not

17 necessary in one of them. And that's exactly what was done

18 here.

19 The third argument, he says there's no

20 evidence of a technical glitch. I disagree. The affidavit

21 of Lisa Villarreal Hernandez is attached to our motion and

22 explains exactly what happened. She filed it in one. It

23 accepted it in the non severed cause.

24 When she went to file it in the severed cause,

25 the screen, when you try to do it, blanked out. Someone in

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 13

1 the clerk's office had closed it, wouldn't allow it to

2 enter. She couldn't type in the numbers. She then called

3 the clerk's office and they said, we can take care of it on

4 our end. Okay.

5 She then, after that's done, gets Exhibit B

6 back, a file marked copy showing the style with both cause

7 numbers and a stamp showing that it was filed. It doesn't

8 say it was only filed in Cause No. 00148. The Court clerk

9 could have put that on there. It doesn't say that it was

10 not filed in 3926. It just simply says "filed," and there

11 are both cause numbers attached to it.

12 Now, if there's an error, just like they did

13 in the Espinosa case, the clerk could have notified us and

14 said, you know what, there's a problem with this document.

15 They didn't do it. They didn't do it because everyone

16 believed at the time you had the hearing on April 10th that

17 it was in both causes. This wasn't raised until after the

18 fact, after we had already given them the money for the

19 sanctions the Court ordered. And so now they don't like the

20 result and they're asking you to reverse yourself.

21 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: I would like to address

22 several things. First, the technical glitch argument.

23 Again, in the affidavit, which is Exhibit A to

24 their response, when talking about the clerk, it's still

25 hearsay, which means it's not actual proper evidence before

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 14

1 the Court. It says that the clerk's -- with respect to the

2 clerk, it says at the bottom of page 1 of Exhibit A, she

3 told me that I may be having problems filing into the

4 severed case because the case was closed, but that she would

5 file the document into the severed cause. Hearsay. It

6 doesn't go to her state of mind -- well, even if it does,

7 her state of mind isn't relevant.

8 THE COURT: So are you lodging an objection to

9 their evidence?

10 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: Yes. So hearsay to

11 the -- whatever the clerk said.

12 With respect to Mr. Lipscomb's

13 characterization of what actually happened, there was no

14 testimony yesterday that the screen went blank. I don't

15 remember that at all. And quite frankly, Your Honor,

16 there's still been no evidence whatsoever -- every time that

17 we all file something, we get email saying it was accepted

18 or not. And there's been no evidence offered of the email

19 that actually -- that we would actually receive from the

20 Court saying "accepted." Typically, that email will have

21 case identifying information that would have allowed us

22 probably to figure it out, but that was never offered.

23 THE COURT: If you'll recall, I asked that

24 question yesterday.

25 The problem I have, Mr. Lipscomb, is that all

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 15

1 of these cases all address attempts to invoke the appellate

2 jurisdiction. And in all the cases, the appellate court

3 find that the parties -- regardless of which error it is,

4 type of error, that they made a bona fide attempt to invoke

5 appellate jurisdiction and they allowed the appellate

6 process to continue and proceed on to the appeals court.

7 But I -- the same question that Mr. Loree ran

8 back to the office and asked you is the question and the

9 argument that Mr. Leibowitz made is that I don't have the

10 power. I did not have the power on the 10th, which you

11 talked about vesting of jurisdiction. My problem is that I

12 think that when the deadline passed, that I had been

13 de-vested jurisdiction on the 8th of April.

14 With regards to the technical error, and

15 frankly, perhaps, this is the case that will allow the

16 Fourth Court to define when you make a bona fide attempt to

17 file with our new electronic system and mistakes happen,

18 that you should be given the benefit of the doubt. But from

19 a technical standpoint, I did ask about the email yesterday,

20 and you do receive an email. And she said she did not

21 receive an email.

22 And when you receive only one document back

23 when you have tried to file two documents, that would be

24 your first clue that something was wrong.

25 It was a Monday, and as Mr. Leibowitz pointed

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 16

1 out yesterday, you can check the docket at any time to see

2 if your document ended up getting filed, which is why I

3 asked about the email because the email comes back and lets

4 you know which cause number and whether or not it was

5 accepted or not. And if the clerk was -- or the paralegal

6 was following the proper procedure, she needed to have

7 filed -- made two attempts, one under the old cause number

8 and then a second filed under the new cause number as if it

9 was a totally different lawsuit and she would have received

10 back two file stamped copies.

11 MR. LIPSCOMB: May I respond, Your Honor?

12 THE COURT: Yes.

13 MR. LIPSCOMB: My understanding of that system

14 is that it's not a document that's generated by a person,

15 but by a computer. So you will not receive one. It was not

16 done by the computer, but it was manually by the clerk's

17 office.

18 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: His statement is no

19 proof of that.

20 THE COURT: Well, again, we didn't have any of

21 that evidence yesterday either way. And that is part of the

22 problem. I did try to contact both of the supervising

23 clerks, and I had one while the counsel was here to let them

24 know what they said, which was another alternative was to

25 have counter-filed the old fashioned way.

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 17

1 MR. LIPSCOMB: And there was another issue

2 today, Your Honor. We went in to file today, we were able

3 to file a response in both cases, which is now open. So

4 it's changed that status in the meantime since you had your

5 call to the clerk's office.

6 THE COURT: Well, what I shared with them

7 yesterday is that it is never closed. So the comment and

8 testimony by Ms. Villarreal that it was closed is

9 inconsistent with what I was told by the district clerk.

10 They never close the files, computer-wise or otherwise.

11 I go back to -- I've lost jurisdiction on the

12 30th day. And this is a memorandum opinion, but it does

13 seem to discuss the archaic position of Philbrook, but it

14 doesn't set it aside either. So perhaps, this Fourth Court

15 needs to set it aside. But I'm going to find that I do not

16 have -- did not have jurisdiction on the 10th, and vacate my

17 order which I think requires you to give back the money.

18 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: Which is perfectly fine,

19 Your Honor.

20 Your Honor, just so it's on the record. Here

21 is the envelope it was sent in as well as the original check

22 and the letter that it was sent with. So if the record

23 could reflect that I have now given back to counsel the

24 $7,460 that was sent.

25 MR. LIPSCOMB: And I'll reflect that we do

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 18

1 have a copy of the check. I'll let you have the letter for

2 your records.

3 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: You have the original

4 check.

5 MR. LIPSCOMB: I have the original check.

6 THE COURT: And I want to make sure that all

7 the documents and exhibits are here. So, Mr. Lipscomb,

8 since you weren't here yesterday, Mr. Loree put in

9 Defendant's Exhibit 1, and it was the motion, I believe.

10 And I'd ask the clerk to take a break from the record and

11 check that because I had the staff attorneys research this

12 this morning for me so they took some documents to look at

13 them as well. So I want to make sure for the record.

14 MR. JACOB LEIBOWITZ: And before we go off the

15 record, Your Honor, I'm not sure if it matters, but could I

16 get a ruling on the hearsay on the affidavit.

17 THE COURT: Oh, yes. That's sustained.

18 MR. LIPSCOMB: Your Honor, can I respond

19 briefly just for the record? One, it's not be offered for

20 the truth of the matter being asserted. The idea that the

21 clerk says she's going to file it or not when obviously the

22 clerk did not do so, there's no truth being asserted. It

23 simply goes to the person's state of mind.

24 Secondly, we do have the testimony from

25 Ms. Villarreal that is sworn to in the affidavit indicating

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 19

1 the computer system prevented her from filing it.

2 THE COURT: And she so testified to that

3 yesterday.

4 MR. LIPSCOMB: Thank you.

5 (Proceedings concluded at 2:03 p.m.)

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT 20

COUNTY OF BEXAR ) 2

3 I, Judith A. Stewart, Official Court Reporter in

4 and for the 45th District Court of Bexar County, of Texas,

5 do hereby certify that the above and foregoing contains a

6 true and correct transcription of all portions of evidence

7 and other proceedings requested in writing by counsel for

8 the parties to be included in this volume of the Reporter's

9 Record, in the above-styled and numbered cause, all of which

10 occurred in open court or in chambers and were reported by

11 me.

12 I further certify that this Reporter's Record of

13 the proceedings truly and correctly reflects the exhibits,

14 if any, admitted by the respective parties.

15 I further certify that the total cost for the

16 preparation of this Reporter's Record is $543.00 and was

17 paid by Defendant.

18 WITNESS MY OFFICIAL HAND this the 12th day of

19 June 2015.

20 /s/ Judith A. Stewart 21 Judith A. Stewart, CSR Official Reporter 22 Texas CSR 5471 Expiration: 12/31/15 23 45th District Court 100 Dolorosa 24 San Antonio, Texas 78205 (210)771-7732 25

JUDITH A. STEWART, C.S.R. 45TH DISTRICT COURT APPENDIX E Rule 21. Filing and Serving Pleadings and Motions, TX R RCP Rule 21

Vernon's Texas Rules Annotated Texas Rules of Civil Procedure Part II. Rules of Practice in District and County Courts Section 1. General Rules (Refs & Annos)

TX Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 21

Rule 21. Filing and Serving Pleadings and Motions

Currentness

(a) Filing and Service Required. Every pleading, plea, motion, or application to the court for an order, whether in the form of a motion, plea, or other form of request, unless presented during a hearing or trial, must be filed with the clerk of the court in writing, must state the grounds therefor, must set forth the relief or order sought, and at the same time a true copy must be served on all other parties, and must be noted on the docket.

(b) Service of Notice of Hearing. An application to the court for an order and notice of any hearing thereon, not presented during a hearing or trial, must be served upon all other parties not less than three days before the time specified for the hearing, unless otherwise provided by these rules or shortened by the court.

(c) Multiple Parties. If there is more than one other party represented by different attorneys, one copy of each pleading must be served on each attorney in charge.

(d) Certificate of Service. The party or attorney of record, must certify to the court compliance with this rule in writing over signature on the filed pleading, plea, motion, or application.

(e) Additional Copies. After one copy is served on a party, that party may obtain another copy of the same pleading upon tendering reasonable payment for copying and delivering. Tx. Supreme Court Misc. Dkt. No. 13-9165 Court of Criminal Appeals Misc. Dkt. No. 13-003

(f) Electronic Filing.

(1) Requirement. Except in juvenile cases under Title 3 of the Family Code and truancy cases under Title 3A of the Family Code, attorneys must electronically file documents in courts where electronic filing has been mandated. Attorneys practicing in courts where electronic filing is available but not mandated and unrepresented parties may electronically file documents, but it is not required.

(2) Email Address. The email address of an attorney or unrepresented party who electronically files a document must be included on the document.

(3) Mechanism. Electronic filing must be done through the electronic filing manager established by the Office of Court Administration and an electronic filing service provider certified by the Office of Court Administration.

© 2015 Thomson Reuters. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. 1 Rule 21. Filing and Serving Pleadings and Motions, TX R RCP Rule 21

(4) Exceptions.

(A) Wills are not required to be filed electronically.

(B) The following documents must not be filed electronically:

(i) documents filed under seal or presented to the court in camera; and

(ii) documents to which access is otherwise restricted by law or court order.

(C) For good cause, a court may permit a party to file other documents in paper form in a particular case.

(5) Timely Filing. Unless a document must be filed by a certain time of day, a document is considered timely filed if it is electronically filed at any time before midnight (in the court's time zone) on the filing deadline. An electronically filed document is deemed filed when transmitted to the filing party's electronic filing service provider, except:

(A) if a document is transmitted on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, it is deemed filed on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday; and

(B) if a document requires a motion and an order allowing its filing, the document is deemed filed on the date that the motion is granted.

(6) Technical Failure. If a document is untimely due to a technical failure or a system outage, the filing party may seek appropriate relief from the court. If the missed deadline is one imposed by these rules, the filing party must be given a reasonable extension of time to complete the filing.

(7) Electronic Signatures. A document that is electronically served, filed, or issued by a court or clerk is considered signed if the document includes:

(A) a “/s/” and name typed in the space where the signature would otherwise appear, unless the document is notarized or sworn; or

(B) an electronic image or scanned image of the signature.

(8) Format. An electronically filed document must:

(A) be in text-searchable portable document format (PDF);

© 2015 Thomson Reuters. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. 2 Rule 21. Filing and Serving Pleadings and Motions, TX R RCP Rule 21

(B) be directly converted to PDF rather than scanned, if possible;

(C) not be locked; and

(D) otherwise comply with the Technology Standards set by the Judicial Committee on Information Technology and approved by the Supreme Court.

(9) Paper Copies. Unless required by local rule, a party need not file a paper copy of an electronically filed document.

(10) Electronic Notices From the Court. The clerk may send notices, orders, or other communications about the case to the party electronically. A court seal may be electronic.

(11) Non-Conforming Documents. The clerk may not refuse to file a document that fails to conform with this rule. But the clerk may identify the error to be corrected and state a deadline for the party to resubmit the document in a conforming format.

(12) Original Wills. When a party electronically files an application to probate a document as an original will, the original will must be filed with the clerk within three business days after the application is filed.

(13) Official Record. The clerk may designate an electronically filed document or a scanned paper document as the official court record. The clerk is not required to keep both paper and electronic versions of the same document unless otherwise required by local rule. But the clerk must retain an original will filed for probate in a numbered file folder.

Credits Oct. 29, 1940, eff. Sept. 1, 1941. Amended by orders of Sept. 20, 1941, eff. Dec. 31, 1941; Aug. 18, 1947, eff. Dec. 31, 1947; July 11, 1977, eff. Jan. 1, 1978; June 10, 1980, eff. Jan. 1, 1981; April 24, 1990, eff. Sept. 1, 1990; Dec. 11, 2013, eff. Jan. 1, 2014; Aug. 28, 2015, eff. Sept. 1, 2015.

Vernon's Ann. Texas Rules Civ. Proc., Rule 21, TX R RCP Rule 21 Rules of Civil Procedure, Rules of Evidence, and Rules of Appellate Procedure are current with amendments received through September 1, 2015. Bar Rules, Rules of Disciplinary Procedure, Code of Judicial Conduct, and Rules of Judicial Administration are current with amendments received through September 1, 2015. Other state court rules and selected county rules are current with rules verified through June 1, 2015.

End of Document © 2015 Thomson Reuters. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.

© 2015 Thomson Reuters. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. 3