VicNRG LLC v. FCStone, LLC, FCStone Trading, LLC and FCStone Group, Inc.

Court of Appeals of Texas·Decided April 16, 2015·No. 14-15-00194-CV·Published

Opinion

ACCEPTED

14-15-00194-CV

FOURTEENTH COURT OF APPEALS HOUSTON, TEXAS

4/16/2015 10:04:18 AM

CHRISTOPHER PRINE

CLERK

NO. 14-15-00194-CV

FILED IN

14th COURT OF APPEALS

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTEENTHHOUSTON, JUDICIAL TEXAS

DISTRICT OF TEXAS 4/16/2015 10:04:18 AM CHRISTOPHER A. PRINE

Clerk

VICNRG LLC,

Appellant

v.

FCSTONE, LLC, FCSTONE TRADING, LLC, & FCSTONE GROUP, INC.,

Appellees

Appeal from the 334th District Court at Harris County, Texas Cause No. 2013-05124B

The Hon. Grant Dorfman, presiding

APPELLANT’S RESPONSE TO APPELLEES’ MOTION TO DISMISS FOR LACK OF JURISDICTION

Peter F. Bagley Texas Bar No. 00783581 BLUMBERG & BAGLEY, L.L.P. 2304 W. I-20, Ste. 190 Arlington, Texas 76017 817.277.1500 817.277.1170 (facsimile) peter@blumbergbagley.com ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT

TO THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS

Appellant VicNRG LLC (“VicNRG”) files this, its Response to

Appellees’ Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction, and in support of the

same would respectfully show the Court the following:

Appellees FCStone, LLC, FCStone Trading, LLC, and FCStone Group,

Inc. (collectively, “FCStone”) obtained an interlocutory summary judgment

dated August 1, 2014 in Cause No. 2013-05124 (the “parent case”) that

disposed of VicNRG’s claims against FCStone. App. 5. 1 Later the trial court

granted FCStone’s motion for severance, signing an order of severance on

October 29, 2014. App. 7-10, 18-22. FCStone contends that the order of

severance operates as a final judgment in the severed case, which is

designated Cause No. 2013-05124B (the “B case”) and that VicRNG’s

appeal here, filed on February 20, 2015, 2 is untimely. App. 24-25.

However, FCStone cannot hermetically seal the order of severance

from the record of this case while claiming the order is final. The order of

severance does not contain language that makes it unmistakably clear that

1 Because the district clerk has not transmitted the clerk’s record to the Court of Appeals, VicNRG has attached the relevant documents in the attached Appendix, which are authenticated by the Declaration of Peter Bagley. App. 3. 2 Although VicNRG styled its notice of appeal as a “Conditional Notice of Appeal,” the notice triggered the appellate court’s jurisdiction regardless of how it is described. See TEX. R. APP. P. 25.1; In re Washington, 7 S.W.3d 181, 182 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1999, orig. proceeding).

the order is a final one. It contains no such words as final or appealable, to

say nothing of a Mother Hubbard clause. App. 18-22. But when one looks at

the record as a whole, the intent of the trial court, and actions of the clerk

(as required by applicable law), it becomes abundantly clear that the order

signed October 29, 2014 is interlocutory. Meanwhile, the trial court signed

a final judgment on March 10, 2015 that finally disposed of the B case. App.

27.

Applicable Law

Without a conventional trial on the merits, a judgment is not

presumed to be final. Houston Health Clubs, Inc. v. First Court of Appeals,

722 S.W.2d 692, 693 (Tex. 1986) (orig. proceeding). A final judgment is one

that disposes of all parties and all issues in a lawsuit so that no future action

will be necessary to settle the controversy. Id.; Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp.,

39 S.W.3d 191, 205 (Tex. 2000). A final judgment must also be certain so

that it can be enforced by writ of execution. H.E. Butt Grocery Co. v. Bay,

Inc., 808 S.W.2d 678, 680 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 1991, writ denied). A

judgment must be such that ministerial officers can carry the judgment into

execution without ascertaining additional facts. Id. The form of the

judgment is not controlling as long as there is certainty in the result

achieved. Int’l Sec. Life Ins. Co. v. Spray, 468 S.W.2d 347, 350 (Tex. 1971).

FCStone is correct that as a general rule, the severance of an

interlocutory judgment into a separate cause may make it final. But this is

not true in every instance. For example, an order of severance is not final

when the order expressly contemplates other action. See, e.g., Diversified

Fin. Sys., Inc. v. Hill, Heard, O’Neal, Gilstrap & Goetz, P.C., 63 S.W.3d 795,

795 (Tex. 2001); Doe v. Pilgrim Rest Baptist Church, 218 S.W.3d 81, 82

(Tex. 2007) (holding that the severance order contemplated assignment of

the case on the docket and compliance with the district clerk’s procedures

[the payment of a filing fee]); In the Interest of S.A.A., No. 2-08-080-CV,

2008 Tex. App. LEXIS 3428, at *2 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth May 8, 2008, no

pet.) (mem. op.) (holding that the order of severance called for additional

action by mentioning that the separate action would proceed to a final

judgment).

In Lehmann, the Texas Supreme Court made clear that an order is

not final unless it actually disposes of all parties and claims or it contains

language that expressly disposes of all parties and claims. Lehmann, 39

S.W.3d at 200. In a consolidated case, the Supreme Court held that certain

orders granting summary judgment containing Mother Hubbard clauses

(specifically, “all relief not expressly granted is herein denied”) were

insufficiently clear to give them sufficient indicia of finality for purposes of

appeal. Id. at 200. The Supreme Court noted that litigants should be able to

recognize when a judgment purports to be final on its face and treat it as

final for purposes of an appeal. Id. at 202. If the intent to finally dispose of

a claim is not unequivocally expressed in the words of the order itself, then

finality must be determined from the intention of the court and the record

as a whole, aided on occasion by the conduct of the parties. Id. at 203.

Thus, finality sometimes turns on the facts of a case.

For instance, a closer reading of an order may indicate that it is not

final. See, e.g., Martinez v. Humble Sand & Gravel, 875 S.W.2d 311, 313

(Tex. 1994) (holding that a severance order was not final because it

contained handwritten notes that suggested that additional defendants

could themselves file motions for summary judgment and be added into the

severed case). Sometimes a closer look at the record, and particularly the

court’s intent, may reflect that a particular case is not final. See, e.g., In the

Interest of J.D., 304 S.W.3d 522, 525 (Tex. App.—Waco 2009, no pet.)

(holding that because the court’s intent controls, the court’s expression that

an intervention was still active meant the judgment was not final and

appealable); Flores v. Sandoval, No. 01-02-01197-CV, 2004 Tex. App.

LEXIS 4181, at *6 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] May 6, 2004, no pet.)

(mem. op.) (noting that the order at issue—like the one in this case—did not

expressly indicate that it disposed of all parties and all claims and holding

that because it failed to take into account the presence of another party, it

was not final); Phillips v. Baker, No. 14-02-01099-CV, 2002 Tex. App.

LEXIS 8568, at *3 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] Dec. 5, 2002, no pet.)

(not designated for publication) (holding that a judgment was not final

because it did not dispose of all parties and because the clerk’s letter

assigning the appeal indicated that there was no final judgment);

Youngblood & Assocs., P.L.L.C. v. Duhon, 57 S.W.3d 63, 65 (Tex. App.—

Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, no pet.) (holding that the summary judgment

was not final because it did not dispose of a claim for relief seeking

attorneys’ fees).

Application of the Law to the Facts

By signing a final judgment, the trial court did exactly what FCStone asked it to do.

1. FCStone moved the trial court to sign a final judgment.

On October 6, 2014 FCStone filed its unopposed motion to sever

VicNRG’s claims against it in the present case. App. 7-16. FCStone’s motion

expressly indicates that its purpose was to permit the entry of a final and

appealable judgment. Id. at 7. FCStone specifically asked the trial court to

sever VicNRG’s claims and further requested that it “sign a Final Judgment

in the severed case making the Interlocutory Order granting summary

judgment entered herein final.” Id. at 8. In addition FCStone attached a

proposed “final judgment.” Id. at 16. The language of the proposed

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VicNRG LLC v. FCStone, LLC, FCStone Trading, LLC and FCStone Group, Inc., (Tex. Ct. App. 2015).

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