This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2014).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A14-1394
U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee for the C-BASS Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 2006-RP2, Respondent,
vs.
Timothy Knoedler, Appellant, Candace Knoedler, Appellant, John Doe, et al., Defendants.
Filed April 6, 2015 Affirmed Stauber, Judge
St. Louis County District Court File No. 69DU-CV-14-1502
Jared D. Kemper, Dykema Gossett, P.L.L.C., Minneapolis, Minnesota (for respondent)
Timothy and Candace Knoedler, Saginaw, Minnesota (pro se appellants)
Considered and decided by Stauber, Presiding Judge; Schellhas, Judge; and
Hooten, Judge. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
STAUBER, Judge
On appeal from summary judgment in this eviction action, pro se appellants argue
that (1) the district court had subject-matter jurisdiction to hear the claims in their answer
to the eviction complaint; (2) fact issues should have precluded summary judgment; and
(3) they were denied their rights to due process of law. We affirm.
FACTS
In 1989, appellants Timothy and Candace Knoedler (Knoedlers) purchased real
property located at 6731 Industrial Road, Saginaw, Minnesota (the property). To finance
the purchase of the property, the Knoedlers delivered to Margaretten & Company, Inc. a
promissory note in the principal amount of $65,134, secured by a mortgage on the
property. The mortgage was then assigned several times, culminating with the
assignment to respondent U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee for the C-BASS
Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 2006-RP2 (U.S. Bank) in July 2007.
The Knoedlers defaulted on the mortgage, and in October 2012, U.S. Bank
instituted foreclosure-by-advertisement proceedings against the property. After two
failed attempts by the Knoedlers to challenge the foreclosure, the property was sold at a
sheriff’s sale. The Knoedlers then failed to redeem within the statutory redemption
period, allowing U.S. Bank to commence this eviction action. The Knoedlers responded
by challenging U.S. Bank’s rights to title and possession of the property.
On July 7, 2014, U.S. Bank moved for summary judgment, requesting that the
district court grant the relief sought in the eviction complaint. The district court granted
2 the motion, finding that “eviction proceedings are summary in nature, and counterclaims
asserting a claim of title are not allowed.” Thus, the district court concluded that “[t]o the
extent [the Knoedlers] seek to use their previous objections to the foreclosure as a
defense to the eviction action, this Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to evaluate
those claims.” This appeal followed.
DECISION
A motion for summary judgment shall be granted “if the pleadings, depositions,
answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,
show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that either party is entitled
to a judgment as a matter of law.” Minn. R. Civ. P. 56.03. On appeal from an award of
summary judgment, we review de novo whether there is a genuine issue of material fact
and whether the district court erred when it applied the law. STAR Ctrs., Inc. v. Faegre &
Benson, L.L.P., 644 N.W.2d 72, 76 (Minn. 2002). We view “the evidence in the light
most favorable to the party against whom summary judgment was granted.” Id. at 76-77.
An award of summary judgment will be affirmed if it can be sustained on any ground.
Winkler v. Magnuson, 539 N.W.2d 821, 828 (Minn. App. 1995), review denied (Minn.
Feb. 13, 1996).
An eviction action is a “summary court proceeding to remove a tenant or occupant
from or otherwise recover possession of real property by the process of law.” Minn. Stat.
§ 504B.001, subd. 4 (2014). To prevail in an eviction claim involving a mortgage
foreclosure, a plaintiff must prove that (1) a foreclosure of the mortgage on the property
occurred; (2) the time for redemption expired; (3) the defendant is holding over the
3 property; and (4) the plaintiff is entitled to possession of the property. See Minn. Stat.
§ 504B.285, subd. 1(a)(1) (2014).
The Knoedlers challenge the district court’s determination that it did not have
subject-matter jurisdiction to evaluate their claims pertaining to the validity of the
foreclosure in this eviction action. The Knoedlers further argue that because errors in the
mortgage assignment process invalidated the mortgage foreclosure, U.S. Bank is not
entitled to present possession of the property.
We agree that the district had subject-matter jurisdiction to evaluate the
Knoedlers’ claims. In Real Estate Equity Strategies, LLC v. Jones, 720 N.W.2d 352,
356-58 (Minn. App. 2006) (REES), this court discussed the changes that have occurred
over the years in the legal landscape for landlord-tenant disputes. This court
acknowledged that “[b]ecause the current limits on the scope of eviction proceedings are
not based on an inability of the district court to adjudicate disputes other than the right to
present possession of the premises, a tenant who challenges a landlord’s title pursuant to
Minn. Stat. § 504B.121 does not deprive the district court of subject-matter jurisdiction to
hear the eviction proceeding.” Id. at 358.
However, the scope of an eviction proceeding is narrow. AMESCO Residential
Mortg. Corp. v. Stange, 631 N.W.2d 444, 445 (Minn. App. 2001). An eviction action
“merely determines the right to present possession and does not adjudicate the ultimate
legal or equitable rights of ownership possessed by the parties.” Dahlberg v. Young, 231
Minn. 60, 68, 42 N.W.2d 570, 576 (1950). And despite this court’s acknowledgment in
REES that eviction courts have subject-matter jurisdiction to determine broader
4 questions, the court in REES emphasized that because eviction hearings are summary in
nature, certain counterclaims, such as allegations involving title, should be handled in
other forums. 720 N.W.2d 357-58 (stating that the summary nature of eviction
proceedings remains even though district courts have subject-matter jurisdiction to
address title-related issues); see also Fraser v. Fraser, 642 N.W.2d 34, 40-41 (Minn.
App. 2001) (“[T]o the extent wife has the ability to litigate her equitable mortgage and
other claims and defenses in alternate civil proceedings, it would be inappropriate for her
to seek to do so in the eviction action.”). In fact, “only if the eviction action presents the
only forum for litigating these claims would it be appropriate for the district court to
entertain them in that action.” Fraser, 642 N.W.2d at 41 (emphasis added).
Alternatively stated: That a district court hearing an eviction action has subject-matter
jurisdiction to address questions beyond the immediate right to possession of real
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This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2014).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A14-1394
U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee for the C-BASS Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 2006-RP2, Respondent,
vs.
Timothy Knoedler, Appellant, Candace Knoedler, Appellant, John Doe, et al., Defendants.
Filed April 6, 2015 Affirmed Stauber, Judge
St. Louis County District Court File No. 69DU-CV-14-1502
Jared D. Kemper, Dykema Gossett, P.L.L.C., Minneapolis, Minnesota (for respondent)
Timothy and Candace Knoedler, Saginaw, Minnesota (pro se appellants)
Considered and decided by Stauber, Presiding Judge; Schellhas, Judge; and
Hooten, Judge. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
STAUBER, Judge
On appeal from summary judgment in this eviction action, pro se appellants argue
that (1) the district court had subject-matter jurisdiction to hear the claims in their answer
to the eviction complaint; (2) fact issues should have precluded summary judgment; and
(3) they were denied their rights to due process of law. We affirm.
FACTS
In 1989, appellants Timothy and Candace Knoedler (Knoedlers) purchased real
property located at 6731 Industrial Road, Saginaw, Minnesota (the property). To finance
the purchase of the property, the Knoedlers delivered to Margaretten & Company, Inc. a
promissory note in the principal amount of $65,134, secured by a mortgage on the
property. The mortgage was then assigned several times, culminating with the
assignment to respondent U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee for the C-BASS
Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 2006-RP2 (U.S. Bank) in July 2007.
The Knoedlers defaulted on the mortgage, and in October 2012, U.S. Bank
instituted foreclosure-by-advertisement proceedings against the property. After two
failed attempts by the Knoedlers to challenge the foreclosure, the property was sold at a
sheriff’s sale. The Knoedlers then failed to redeem within the statutory redemption
period, allowing U.S. Bank to commence this eviction action. The Knoedlers responded
by challenging U.S. Bank’s rights to title and possession of the property.
On July 7, 2014, U.S. Bank moved for summary judgment, requesting that the
district court grant the relief sought in the eviction complaint. The district court granted
2 the motion, finding that “eviction proceedings are summary in nature, and counterclaims
asserting a claim of title are not allowed.” Thus, the district court concluded that “[t]o the
extent [the Knoedlers] seek to use their previous objections to the foreclosure as a
defense to the eviction action, this Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to evaluate
those claims.” This appeal followed.
DECISION
A motion for summary judgment shall be granted “if the pleadings, depositions,
answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,
show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that either party is entitled
to a judgment as a matter of law.” Minn. R. Civ. P. 56.03. On appeal from an award of
summary judgment, we review de novo whether there is a genuine issue of material fact
and whether the district court erred when it applied the law. STAR Ctrs., Inc. v. Faegre &
Benson, L.L.P., 644 N.W.2d 72, 76 (Minn. 2002). We view “the evidence in the light
most favorable to the party against whom summary judgment was granted.” Id. at 76-77.
An award of summary judgment will be affirmed if it can be sustained on any ground.
Winkler v. Magnuson, 539 N.W.2d 821, 828 (Minn. App. 1995), review denied (Minn.
Feb. 13, 1996).
An eviction action is a “summary court proceeding to remove a tenant or occupant
from or otherwise recover possession of real property by the process of law.” Minn. Stat.
§ 504B.001, subd. 4 (2014). To prevail in an eviction claim involving a mortgage
foreclosure, a plaintiff must prove that (1) a foreclosure of the mortgage on the property
occurred; (2) the time for redemption expired; (3) the defendant is holding over the
3 property; and (4) the plaintiff is entitled to possession of the property. See Minn. Stat.
§ 504B.285, subd. 1(a)(1) (2014).
The Knoedlers challenge the district court’s determination that it did not have
subject-matter jurisdiction to evaluate their claims pertaining to the validity of the
foreclosure in this eviction action. The Knoedlers further argue that because errors in the
mortgage assignment process invalidated the mortgage foreclosure, U.S. Bank is not
entitled to present possession of the property.
We agree that the district had subject-matter jurisdiction to evaluate the
Knoedlers’ claims. In Real Estate Equity Strategies, LLC v. Jones, 720 N.W.2d 352,
356-58 (Minn. App. 2006) (REES), this court discussed the changes that have occurred
over the years in the legal landscape for landlord-tenant disputes. This court
acknowledged that “[b]ecause the current limits on the scope of eviction proceedings are
not based on an inability of the district court to adjudicate disputes other than the right to
present possession of the premises, a tenant who challenges a landlord’s title pursuant to
Minn. Stat. § 504B.121 does not deprive the district court of subject-matter jurisdiction to
hear the eviction proceeding.” Id. at 358.
However, the scope of an eviction proceeding is narrow. AMESCO Residential
Mortg. Corp. v. Stange, 631 N.W.2d 444, 445 (Minn. App. 2001). An eviction action
“merely determines the right to present possession and does not adjudicate the ultimate
legal or equitable rights of ownership possessed by the parties.” Dahlberg v. Young, 231
Minn. 60, 68, 42 N.W.2d 570, 576 (1950). And despite this court’s acknowledgment in
REES that eviction courts have subject-matter jurisdiction to determine broader
4 questions, the court in REES emphasized that because eviction hearings are summary in
nature, certain counterclaims, such as allegations involving title, should be handled in
other forums. 720 N.W.2d 357-58 (stating that the summary nature of eviction
proceedings remains even though district courts have subject-matter jurisdiction to
address title-related issues); see also Fraser v. Fraser, 642 N.W.2d 34, 40-41 (Minn.
App. 2001) (“[T]o the extent wife has the ability to litigate her equitable mortgage and
other claims and defenses in alternate civil proceedings, it would be inappropriate for her
to seek to do so in the eviction action.”). In fact, “only if the eviction action presents the
only forum for litigating these claims would it be appropriate for the district court to
entertain them in that action.” Fraser, 642 N.W.2d at 41 (emphasis added).
Alternatively stated: That a district court hearing an eviction action has subject-matter
jurisdiction to address questions beyond the immediate right to possession of real
property does not mean that the district court must (or even should) exercise that
jurisdiction. To address matters beyond the eviction itself would run afoul of both the
statute’s description of an eviction as a “summary court proceeding,” Minn. Stat.
§ 504B.001, subd. 4, and the caselaw facilitating the summary nature of that proceeding
by emphasizing the narrow scope of what is addressed in those proceedings. See, e.g.,
Dahlberg, 231 Minn. at 68, 42 N.W.2d at 576; REES, 720 N.W.2d at 357-58; Fraser, 642
N.W.2d at 41; Stange, 631 N.W.2d at 445. As a result, courts have consistently limited
the scope of an eviction proceeding to a determination of the immediate right to
possession of real property. See Dahlberg, 231 Minn. at 68, 42 N.W.2d at 576 (stating
that an eviction proceeding “merely determines the right to present possession and does
5 not adjudicate the ultimate legal or equitable rights of ownership possessed by the
parties”); see also Deutsche Bank Nat’l Trust Co. v. Hanson, 841 N.W.2d 161, 164
(Minn. App. 2014) (stating that the scope of an eviction action is limited to the question
of “present possessory rights to the property,” and that generally, other related claims are
not litigated in an eviction action proceeding, unless they “fit within the limited scope of
an eviction proceeding”).
Here, by challenging, in the eviction proceeding, the foreclosure process and
validity of U.S. Bank’s title, the Knoedlers have attempted to improperly expand the
scope of this eviction proceeding. The record reflects that the Knoedlers defaulted on
their mortgage and their property was foreclosed by advertisement. The record also
reflects that U.S. Bank presented the district court with the sheriff’s certificate,
demonstrating its entitlement to possession of the property following the redemption
period. See Minn. Stat. § 580.19 (2014) (stating that the sheriff’s certificate is prima
facie evidence that all requirements of law relating to the sale have been met and that the
purchaser holds title in fee after the time for redemption has passed). The Knoedlers do
not dispute that the redemption period expired without redemption, nor do they dispute
that they remain in possession of the property. Thus, because the four requirements to
succeed in the eviction action have been satisfied, U.S. Bank has established that it is
entitled to possession of the property.
The Knoedlers also contend that their “due process rights and access to equal
protection under the law were denied.” But the Knoedlers fail to explain how their due
process and equal protection rights were violated. As U.S. Bank points out, the
6 Knoedlers’ “displeasure with the outcome does not create a due-process or equal-
protection issue.” Therefore, the district court properly granted summary judgment in
favor of U.S. Bank.
Affirmed.