United States v. Wagner

35 M.J. 721, 1992 CMR LEXIS 680, 1992 WL 222178
CourtU S Air Force Court of Military Review
DecidedSeptember 2, 1992
DocketACM 29186
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 35 M.J. 721 (United States v. Wagner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering U S Air Force Court of Military Review primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Wagner, 35 M.J. 721, 1992 CMR LEXIS 680, 1992 WL 222178 (usafctmilrev 1992).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

PRATT, Senior Judge:

This case presents the question whether the appellant, Sergeant George A. Wagner, had been granted de facto immunity from prosecution by the actions of the government in the wake of his self-identification for child sexual abuse. We hold that he had, and dismiss the charges and specifications.1

I. Facts

On Memorial Day weekend in late May of 1989, Sergeant Wagner’s wife discovered that he had sexually abused his 3-year-old stepdaughter and his 18-month-old natural daughter. The abuse transpired over a 4-month period and involved mainly the stepdaughter. On reportedly about a dozen occasions during that time period, Wagner abused the 3-year-old in one of several ways. Usually, he would lay down on the floor next to her, remove her clothes, fondle her vaginal area with his hand, remove all or part of his clothing, and continue to [722]*722fondle her until he went into the bathroom and ejaculated. On one such occasion, his 18-month-old wandered into the room and seemed to vie for his attention. In response, he rubbed her vaginal area for about 10 seconds. On another occasion, as he sat on the toilet, he called the 3-year-old to him and placed her hands on his erect penis, having her move her hands up and down. When she stopped, he finished masturbating in her presence and told her that his ejaculate was “Daddy’s milk.” On three occasions, he had her kiss the tip of his penis.

Immediately after admitting these matters to his wife, Wagner voluntarily left the home and checked into the base billeting facility. When the holiday weekend ended, he sought help from the on-duty chaplain. On a referral from the chaplain and, in turn, the family services organization, Wagner reported to the Mental Health Clinic where he spoke with a Mr. Waltz, the base Family Advocacy Officer. He related to Waltz that he had been sexually fondling his 3-year-old stepdaughter. Not viewing himself as an investigator, Mr. Waltz never questioned Wagner about the nature or extent of the abuse other than to ask if any penetration had occurred, to which Wagner truthfully answered, “No.”2 Wagner did not elaborate, but simply answered the specific questions he was asked. Mr. Waltz informed Wagner that these matters could not be held in confidence, that a family advocacy case file would be started, and that certain notifications would have to be made. Mr. Waltz then referred Wagner to an off-base civilian agency, Parents Assistance Center, for counseling and therapy.

Thereafter, Mr. Waltz made the appropriate notifications to the Office of Special Investigations (OSI), to Wagner’s commander, Lieutenant Colonel Favela, and to the local Department of Human Services. Mr. Waltz was understandably impressed by the fact that Wagner had self-identified, had voluntarily removed himself from immediate access to the victim, and was actively seeking help for his psychological problem; all three vitally important responses to abuse situations, but all three rarely recognized and voluntarily undertaken by the abuser himself.

This favorable impression was apparently conveyed by Mr. Waltz when he made his notifications. The OSI detachment commander testified that Waltz, in the process of discussing the matter, recommended that no further investigative follow-up was required, given Wagner’s willingness to attend counseling. OSI did not, in fact, open an investigation to determine the exact scope of Wagner’s misconduct, and did not interview or seek to interview Wagner or his wife or his stepdaughter. Instead, after consulting with the OSI district headquarters and the staff judge advocate, the OSI detachment commander simply “zeroed out” the report of this matter.3 Similarly, Colonel Favela, Wagner’s commander, seemed satisfied with Mr. Waltz’s assessment of the situation:

A. [W]hat I do distinctly remember is calling Mr. Waltz at Mental Health concerning Sergeant Wagner’s situation and asking him what was going on. He, in turn, told me that Sergeant Wagner had come in looking for help saying that he had been molesting his stepdaughter. Based on that situation and talking to Sergeant Wagner—also I asked have you notified the OSI about this because knowing that this is a serious offense and my knowledge of being a commander—I know you must contact the OSI. He indicated he had contacted the OSI about the situation.
Q. Did you ever contact the OSI yourself?
A. I cannot remember whether or not I talked with the OSI or not on this [723]*723situation. There are occasions I have talked to the OSI, but whether I did or not, but I do recall though that the OSI was contacted through Mr. Waltz or myself, either or, and the OSI indicated there was no interest in this in terms that charges would be filed on this. This is what I was particularly concerned about—Were there any criminal charges or anything like that where he had done any wrongdoing? Apparently, Mr. Waltz indicated there was no— it wasn’t serious enough for them to make an issue of it and file charges in this situation.

Finally, the Department of Human Services assigned a social worker to the case and monitored Wagner’s progress through the Parents Assistance Center. No civilian charges were ever brought against Wagner.

Just a few days after Wagner’s self-identification, Colonel Favela discussed the matter with Wagner in the presence of Master Sergeant Kelly, the squadron first sergeant. Wagner testified that he perceived from the meeting that Colonel Fave-la had promised “[a]s long as I was getting treatment, then he would see fit to allow me to continue my duties.” Although Colonel Favela had difficulty remembering a specific conversation with Wagner on the subject, Master Sergeant Kelly recalled it quite clearly:

Q. Why was he called into the commander’s office?
A. Because the commander wanted to talk to him and find out exactly what was happening and see what we needed to do—what course of action we needed to take.
Q. What happened when he came into the office?
A. Colonel Favela told him that he had been in touch with Mental Health and what he was going to do was make sure he got some type of treatment, but if this ever happened again or if he ever touched another kid, it would be all over for him—his career would be over.
Q. So he effectively told him nothing was going to happen as long as he got treatment?
A. Yes.
Q. As long as it didn’t happen again?
A. Right.

Neither Colonel Favela nor Master Sergeant Kelly ever asked Wagner for specific details of the abuse, relying instead on what they had been told by Mr. Waltz.

In mid-June, in a letter to the base housing office and, in turn, to the deputy base commander, Colonel Favela recommended that Wagner’s family be approved for larger base quarters to alleviate family stresses. In the letter, Colonel Favela acknowledged the criminal nature of Wagner’s behavior, but stated his willingness “to give him the opportunity to be rehabilitated and to return as a mission-ready AWAC crew member.” A few months later, in September 1989, after receiving a positive recommendation from Mr.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
35 M.J. 721, 1992 CMR LEXIS 680, 1992 WL 222178, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-wagner-usafctmilrev-1992.