United States v. Rodney L. Shivers

66 F.3d 938, 1995 U.S. App. LEXIS 27015, 1995 WL 574734
Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit·Decided September 21, 1995·No. 95-1458·Published·Cited by 18 cases

Opinion

PER CURIAM.

Rodney L. Shivers and his co-defendant Edgar L. Valentine both were charged with conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846 (1988) and with possession with intent to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1). Shivers moved to sever his trial from that of Valentine. The District Court 1 denied this motion. After trial by jury, Shivers and Valentine were convicted of both counts. Shivers was sentenced to seventy-eight months imprisonment. Shivers now appeals his conviction arguing that his severance motion should have been granted by the District Court. We affirm.

At trial, the evidence showed that Detective Paul Carrill received a tip from a Houston, Texas narcotics detective concerning a flight from Houston to Kansas City, Missouri. As a result of that conversation, Car-rill went to the Kansas City airport to observe the passengers deplane. Carrill observed Valentine leaving the gate area carrying a duffel bag. Next, Valentine approached Shivers who was standing by the exit door. The men did not exchange greetings or shake hands. Shivers and Valentine left the airport in a car waiting for them at curbside. The car was driven by Lisa Brooks. Carrill followed behind and observed the ear traveling at a rate below the speed limit. When the car stopped at a nearby McDonald’s, Carrill approached Valentine for questioning.

As the discussion progressed, Valentine appeared nervous. Carrill asked Valentine if he could search his luggage and Valentine consented. Inside Valentine’s duffel bag, Carrill found $12,000 in cash stuffed in two tennis shoes. Later, Carrill asked for consent to search the ear, and consent was given. In the front passenger seat of the car, Carrill found Shivers sitting with a shoe box at his feet. The box contained three bundles of cocaine.

Shiver’s sole argument on appeal is that the District Court abused its discretion in denying his motion for severance of his trial from that of his co-defendant Edgar Valentine. As our starting point, we note that the Supreme Court has stated a clear preference “for joint trials of defendants who are indicted together.” Zafiro v. United States, 506 U.S. 584, —, 113 S.Ct. 933, 937, 122 L.Ed.2d 317 (1993). Moreover, in United States v. Swinney, 970 F.2d 494, 500 (8th Cir.1992), cert. denied, — U.S. —, —, 113 S.Ct. 632, 1650, 121 L.Ed.2d 563, 123 L.Ed.2d 271 (1993), we stated that “[o]rdi-narily, eoeonspirators are tried together when the charges against them, as here, are based on the same acts or evidence.” Whether a motion for severance is to be granted lies within the discretion of the trial court, United States v. Wint, 974 F.2d 961, 966 (8th Cir.1992), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 1001, 122 L.Ed.2d 151 (1993), and we will not reverse a district court’s denial of a motion for severance “absent an abuse of discretion resulting in clear prejudice.” United States v. Johnson, 944 F.2d *940 396, 402 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 1008, 112 S.Ct. 646, 116 L.Ed.2d 663 (1991), 502 U.S. 1078, 112 S.Ct. 983, 117 L.Ed.2d 146, and 504 U.S. 977, 112 S.Ct. 2951, 119 L.Ed.2d 574 (1992).

In order to show prejudice, “a defendant must establish something more than the mere fact that his chance for acquittal would have been better had he been tried separately. He must affirmatively demonstrate that the joint trial prejudiced his right to a fair trial.” Wint, 974 F.2d at 965-66 (quoting United States v. O’Connell, 841 F.2d 1408, 1432 (8th Cir.) (citations omitted), cert, denied, 487 U.S. 1210, 108 S.Ct. 2857, 101 L.Ed.2d 893 (1988) and 488 U.S. 1011, 109 S.Ct. 799, 102 L.Ed.2d 790 (1989). A defendant “can show real prejudice either by showing that [his] defense is irreconcilable with the defense of his codefendant or codefendants or that the jury will be unable to compartmentalize the evidence as it relates to separate defendants.” United States v. Gutberlet, 939 F.2d 643, 645 (8th Cir.1991).

We are satisfied that in the present ease Shivers’s and Valentine’s defenses were not irreconcilable. Rather, the jury was free to disbelieve, as it obviously did, both of their shift-the-blame-to-the-other-defendant stories. The evidence showed that when apprehended, Shivers was found with a shoe box full of cocaine at his feet on the passenger seat floor. He claimed that Valentine had handed several bundles to him, and that he had accepted them without knowing that they contained cocaine, and then he placed them in the box. Valentine was found with $12,000 in cash in his duffel bag. Valentine testified that he never saw the cocaine until Carrill removed the box containing the drugs from the ear. Not surprisingly, Valentine denied any knowledge that cocaine was present in the car or that he was engaged in drug trafficking.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

United States v. Rodney L. Shivers, 66 F.3d 938, 1995 U.S. App. LEXIS 27015, 1995 WL 574734 (8th Cir. 1995).

66 F.3d 938 (United States v. Rodney L. Shivers) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related

United States v. Geshik-O-Binese Martin
777 F.3d 984 (Eighth Circuit, 2015)
United States v. Sandstrom
594 F.3d 634 (Eighth Circuit, 2010)
United States v. George
548 F. Supp. 2d 713 (D. South Dakota, 2008)
United States v. Weldon
550 F. Supp. 2d 1079 (D. South Dakota, 2008)
United States v. Pippenger
552 F. Supp. 2d 990 (D. South Dakota, 2008)
United States v. Collins
240 F. Supp. 2d 1078 (D. South Dakota, 2002)
Santiago v. State
644 N.W.2d 425 (Supreme Court of Minnesota, 2002)
Santiago v. State
617 N.W.2d 632 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 2000)
United States v. Gregory Lee Melina
101 F.3d 567 (Eighth Circuit, 1996)