United States v. Michael Harvey

232 F.3d 585, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 28953, 2000 WL 1693159
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedNovember 14, 2000
Docket00-2086
StatusPublished
Cited by38 cases

This text of 232 F.3d 585 (United States v. Michael Harvey) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Michael Harvey, 232 F.3d 585, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 28953, 2000 WL 1693159 (7th Cir. 2000).

Opinion

BAUER, Circuit Judge.

After Michael Harvey violated his supervised release, the district court resen-tenced him to the maximum prison term permitted by the United States Sentencing Guidelines: a consecutive 24 month sentence. Harvey appeals this sentence as a “plainly unreasonable exercise of judicial discretion.” We affirm the sentence.

I. Background

In 1998, Michael Harvey earned five months in prison and three years of supervised release for committing mail fraud and making false statements. After Harvey’s release from prison, he utterly failed to abide by the conditions of his supervised release. Harvey admitted the following nine violations of his supervised release:

(1) On March 26, 1999, Harvey was charged with criminal trespass to his *587 then-girlfriend’s property. He pled guilty to the offense and received a sentence of six months supervision and a fine, which was later converted to 10 days in jail.
(2) Harvey shoplifted items from a Sears store on May 2, 1999. Upon his arrest, Harvey had a blood alcohol level of .29 and admitted to drinking a quart of whiskey and smoking crack cocaine. The court convicted Harvey of retail theft and sentenced him to six months court supervision and a fíne, which was later converted to 10 days in jail.
(3) On August 7, Harvey committed felony retail theft when he stole from a Dollar General. He was sentenced to one year in prison and one year of supervised release.
(4) Harvey stole thirteen shirts from a J.C. Penney’s store on June 29,1999. The court convicted Harvey of retail theft over $300 and sentenced him to two years in prison and one year of supervised release.
(5) Harvey failed to submit supervised release reports for the months of April, June, July and August 1999.
(6) Harvey failed timely to report that he was arrested and charged with a June 25,1999 felony.
(7) Harvey failed to submit a urine specimen pursuant to a June 14, 1999 random test ordered by his supervised release officer.
(8) Harvey consumed alcohol on May 10, 1999.
(9) Police responding to an August 1, 1999 call about a suspicious person found Harvey highly intoxicated.

Based on these violations, the state petitioned to revoke Harvey’s supervised release. The district judge accepted Harvey’s admissions and granted the state’s petition. Harvey’s attorney recommended that the judge resentence Harvey to 4 to 10 months in prison, as suggested by U.S.S.G. § 7B1.4. The state recommended the maximum sentence allowed by 18 U.S.C. § 3583(e)(3) — 24 months imprisonment. The government based its recommendation on Harvey’s appalling criminal record, which included 54 prior convictions and 37 prior arrests. The judge adopted the state’s recommendation and imposed a 24 month sentence consecutive to the time Harvey was already serving. The defense did not object. Harvey now argues that the 24 month consecutive sentence was a plainly unreasonable exercise of judicial discretion.

II. Discussion

As a preliminary matter, Harvey argues that we have jurisdiction to review his sentence because his counsel objected to the sentence and because the sentence constitutes plain error. We note that Harvey failed to object to the sentence at the lower court hearing. Harvey halfheartedly argues that his recommendation for a sentence between 4 and 10 months constitutes an objection. We disagree. By neglecting to object, Harvey failed to preserve the appropriateness of his sentence for review. We therefore review this sentence solely for plain error. See United States v. McGee, 60 F.3d 1266, 1268 (7th Cir.1995).

Because there are no mandatory guidelines for supervisory release revocation we may reverse the district court only if the sentence is plainly unreasonable. See id. at 1272. To determine whether the sentence was plainly unreasonable, we must assess whether the district judge complied with the standards set out in 18 U.S.C. § 3583. See United States v. Doss, 79 F.3d 76, 79 (7th Cir.1996). The district court’s interpretation of the Sentencing Guidelines is an issue of law; therefore our review is de novo. United States v. McClanahan, 136 F.3d 1146, 1149 (7th Cir.1998).

Harvey first argues that the district court failed to consider most of the elements enumerated in 18 U.S.C. *588 § 3583(e), the provision that governs revocation of supervised release. 18 U.S.C. § 3583(e) directs the sentencing judge to consider the nature and circumstances of the offense; the defendant’s history; the need of the sentence to deter future crime, protect the public, and provide the criminal with necessary services like education and medical treatment; Sentencing Commission recommendations regarding sentence and policy, and sentence consistency for like violations. However, there is no requirement that the court make findings as to all the relevant factors. See United States v. Hale, 107 F.3d 526, 530 (7th Cir.1997).

Harvey argues that the only § 3583(e) factor the court considered was his past record. The trial record contradicts Harvey. The sentencing judge addressed the need to deter Harvey from committing future crimes and to protect the public:

That doesn’t mean that in my mind’s eye you won’t be before some other judge. If the past is prologue, here it comes. And if that happens, you’ll be in another jumpsuit in somebody else’s court.... You’ve got to make up your mind sometime that you’re going to have to comply with the rules of society or else we’re going to keep doing the same thing and that’s warehousing you and sending you back.

(Sent. Tr. 4). The court specifically considered the sentence recommendation communicated by the Sentencing Commission:

The Court accepts Mr. Harvey’s admission of having violated supervised release in detail as set forth in the petition. And that means the Court finds that we have here a Grade B violation. The criminal history category is I. And the policy statement provisions call for four to ten months by way of suggestion. The statutory provision is a maximum of two years on each of the counts.

(Sent. Tr. 14). Further, the sentencing judge considered the seriousness of Harvey’s supervised release violations:

I must tell you, Mr.

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Bluebook (online)
232 F.3d 585, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 28953, 2000 WL 1693159, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-michael-harvey-ca7-2000.