United States v. Matthews

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
DecidedJanuary 10, 2002
Docket00-5528
StatusPublished

This text of United States v. Matthews (United States v. Matthews) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Matthews, (6th Cir. 2002).

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

81,7(' 67$7(6 2) $0(5,&$ ; 3ODLQWLII$SSHOOHH    1R Y  !  )5$1. ' 0$77+(:6  'HIHQGDQW$SSHOODQW  1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH0LGGOH'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW1DVKYLOOH 1Rn$OHWD$7UDXJHU'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG2FWREHU 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHGsDQXDU\ %HIRUH.(,7+.(11('<DQG%$7&+(/'(5&LUFXLW sXGJHV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ $5*8('  & 'RXJODV 7KRUHVHQ )('(5$/ 38%/,& '()(1'(5j62)),&(1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOODQW 7HUU\ s +D\FR[ 1DVKYLOOH 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOOHH 21 %5,()  & 'RXJODV 7KRUHVHQ )('(5$/ 38%/,& '()(1'(5j62)),&(1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOODQW 'HEUD 7HXIHO 3KLOOLSV $66,67$17 81,7(' 67$7(6 $77251(<1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOOHH

  8QLWHG6WDWHVY0DWWKHZV 1R

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB .(11('<&LUFXLWs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jV GHQLDO RI WKH PRWLRQ WR VXSSUHVV DQG WKH VHQWHQFH LPSRVHGXSRQWKHGHIHQGDQW ,)DFWXDO%DFNJURXQG %HFDXVHWKHGLVWULFWMXGJHLVLQWKHEHVWSRVLWLRQWRZHLJK WKHFUHGLELOLW\RIZLWQHVVHVZHDFFHSWKHUYHUVLRQRIWKHIDFWV DVEHLQJZLWKRXWmFOHDUHUURUlDQGUHFRXQWWKHPKHUH,QGHHG WKHPDWHULDOIDFWVDUHQRWLQGLVSXWH 2QWKHQLJKWKHZDVDUUHVWHGGHIHQGDQWZDVZDONLQJGRZQ 6HWWOH&RXUWDSULYDWHVWUHHWLQDSXEOLFKRXVLQJSURMHFWLQ 1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHH7KHSURMHFWZDVLQDKLJKFULPHDUHD 1RWUHVSDVVLQJ VLJQV ZHUH SRVWHG RQ WKH SURSHUW\  2Q 6HSWHPEHUDWDP2IILFHU%U\DQ(OVWRQZDV SDWUROOLQJWKHDUHDDQGIRFXVHGKLVDWWHQWLRQRQWKHGHIHQGDQW EHFDXVH WKH GHIHQGDQW DSSHDUHG WR EH ZDWFKLQJ WKH SROLFH FUXLVHUFORVHO\$SSDW)URPKLVPDUNHGSROLFHFDU 2IILFHU(OVWRQ\HOOHGWRWKHGHIHQGDQW m+H\EXGG\FRPH KHUHl  $SS DW   7KH GHIHQGDQW TXLFNHQHG KLV SDFH  8QLWHG6WDWHVY0DWWKHZV 1R 1R 8QLWHG6WDWHVY0DWWKHZV 

DQG GLVWULFW DQG FLUFXLW FRXUWV VKRXOG QRW RYHUUXOH LWV 2IILFHU (OVWRQ FDOOHG RXW DJDLQ DQG JRW RXW RI KLV FDU GHFLVLRQV6HH$JRVWLQLY)HOWRQ86   'HIHQGDQWEHJDQWRUXQUXQQLQJWRDQDSDUWPHQWEHORQJLQJWR 'HIHQGDQWj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† H  ,,6XSSUHVVLRQ2UGHU :H DIILUP WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV GHFLVLRQ WR GHQ\ WKH GHIHQGDQWjV PRWLRQ WR VXSSUHVV WKH ILUHDUP IRXQG QHDU KLV SHUVRQ:HDJUHHZLWKWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWWKDWRQFHKHEHJDQWR UXQDQGFRPPLWWHGWKHFULPHVRIWUHVSDVVLQJEUHDNLQJDQG HQWHULQJDQGDVVDXOWWKHGHIHQGDQWZDVVXEMHFWWRDUUHVWDQG VHDUFK7KLVILQGLQJLVFRQVLVWHQWZLWKRXUKROGLQJLQ8QLWHG 6WDWHVY3RSH)G WK&LU WKDWmIOLJKW LQWKHIDFHRIDFOHDUVKRZLQJRIODZIXODXWKRULW\VXSSOLH>V@ DUHDVRQDEO>H@VXVS>LFLRQ@WKDW>WKHVXVSHFW@ZDVHQJDJHG LQFULPLQDODFWLYLW\l 'HIHQGDQWDUJXHVWKDWWKHRIILFHUSURYRNHGWKHGHIHQGDQWjV IOLJKWDQGDVVHUWVWKDWWKLVSURYRFDWLRQVRPHKRZPDGHDQ\ VXEVHTXHQWVHDUFKLOOHJDO(VVHQWLDOO\GHIHQGDQWjVDUJXPHQW DVVHUWV WKDW WKH GHIHQGDQWjV VXEVHTXHQW FULPHV ZHUH QRW VXIILFLHQWWRMXVWLI\KLVDUUHVWEHFDXVHWKH\ZRXOGQRWKDYH RFFXUUHGLIWKHRIILFHUKDGQRWFDOOHGRXWWRWKHGHIHQGDQWWR FRPH WR KLP  :H UHMHFW WKLV DUJXPHQW  7KH RIILFHU GLG QRWKLQJLOOHJDOKLVTXHVWLRQZDVHQWLUHO\YDOLGDQGSURYLGHV QRGHIHQVHIRUVXEVHTXHQWFULPLQDODFWLYLW\6XFKDVWDWHPHQW GLGQRWmSURYRNHlDQGWKHUHIRUHGRHVQRWLQVXODWHGHIHQGDQW  8QLWHG6WDWHVY0DWWKHZV 1R 1R 8QLWHG6WDWHVY0DWWKHZV 

IURP WKH FRQVHTXHQFHV RI KLV HQWU\ LQWR D VWUDQJHUjV DYLROHQWIHORQ\XQGHUWKH$UPHG &DUHHU&ULPLQDO$FW DSDUWPHQW 86&† H  86&† H  % GHILQHVYLROHQW IHORQ\DVDFULPHRQHRIWKHHOHPHQWVRIZKLFKLVWKHmXVH 0RUHRYHUWKHGHIHQGDQWVOLJKWO\PLVUHSUHVHQWVWKHGLVWULFW DWWHPSWHGXVHRISK\VLFDOIRUFHDJDLQVWDQRWKHUSHUVRQlRU FRXUWjVILQGLQJDVWRWKHLQLWLDOVWRS7KHMXGJHZDVUHOXFWDQW mEXUJODU\ DUVRQl RU WKH XVH RI H[SORVLYHV RU mLQYROYHV WRDFFHSWWKHRIILFHUjVFKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQRIKLVLQLWLDOFRQWDFW FRQGXFW WKDW SUHVHQWV D VHULRXV SRWHQWLDO ULVN RI VWDWXWRU\ ZLWKWKHGHIHQGDQWDVD7HUU\VWRS7KHMXGJHDVVXPHGLWZDV LQMXU\ WR DQRWKHUl  5HFNOHVV DJJUDYDWHG DVVDXOW FHUWDLQO\ VXFKDVWRSDQGWKDWWKHUHZDVQRUHDVRQDEOHVXVSLFLRQDWWKH mSUHVHQWVl D VHULRXV ULVN RI LQMXU\ WR LWV YLFWLP  8QGHU WLPHRQO\EHFDXVHWKDWGLGQRWDIIHFWKHURYHUDOOILQGLQJDVWR 7HQQHVVHH ODZ mDVVDXOWl LV GHILQHG DQG LQFRUSRUDWHG E\ WKHDGPLVVLELOLW\RIWKHHYLGHQFH,IKHUILQGLQJRQWKDWLVVXH UHIHUHQFHLQWKHGHILQLWLRQRImUHFNOHVVDVVDXOWl DVmFDXV>

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
United States v. Matthews, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-matthews-ca6-2002.