United States v. Gregory Makozy, Sr.

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
• Decided: October 18, 2024
• Docket: 24-1844
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

DLD-007 NOT PRECEDENTIAL

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT ___________

No. 24-1844 ___________

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

v.

GREGORY MAKOZY, SR., Appellant ____________________________________

On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (D.C. Criminal Action No. 2:15-cr-00184-001) District Judge: Honorable Arthur J. Schwab ____________________________________

Submitted on Appellee’s Motion for Summary Action, and for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B) and Possible Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6 October 10, 2024 Before: RESTREPO, FREEMAN, and NYGAARD, Circuit Judges

(Opinion filed: October 18, 2024) _________

OPINION* _________

* This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not constitute binding precedent. PER CURIAM

Former federal prisoner Gregory Makozy, Sr., appeals pro se from the District

Court’s April 25, 2024 decision denying reconsideration of its April 3, 2024 decision

denying his motion to expunge his criminal record. The Government has moved to

summarily affirm. For the reasons that follow, we grant that motion and will summarily

affirm the District Court’s judgment.

I.

In 2015, a federal grand jury charged Makozy with 10 criminal counts. (Dist. Ct.

Dkt. No. 1.) In 2016, he pleaded guilty to one of those counts — Count 6, concealment

of bankruptcy assets in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 152(7). (Dist. Ct. Dkt. Nos. 33, 65.)

Later that year, the District Court sentenced him to 30 months in prison and three years of

supervised release, and it ordered him to pay $49,529 in restitution. (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No.

59.) He appealed, but we granted the Government’s motion to enforce the appellate

waiver contained in his plea agreement. See C.A. No. 16-2432 (order entered Dec. 1,

2016).1

More than seven years later, Makozy moved the District Court to expunge his

criminal record, claiming that this relief was warranted because the District Court had

1 Makozy’s subsequent efforts to collaterally attack his conviction and sentence were unsuccessful. (See, e.g., 3d Cir. Dkt. No. 5, at 2-4.)

2 “dismissed all the charges against [him].” Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 182, at 1. In support of this

claim, Makozy pointed to the fact that his six-page amended judgment of sentence

included the following text: “Count(s) 1-5, and 6-10 . . . are dismissed on the motion of

the United States.” Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 59, at 1.2 (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 182, at 2.) On April

3, 2024, the District Court denied Makozy’s motion as erroneous. (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No.

183.) He subsequently moved to reconsider that decision. (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 184.) On

April 25, 2024, the District Court denied reconsideration, indicating that the quoted text

relied on by Makozy was merely a “typo.” See Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 185. Makozy then

filed this appeal, challenging the District Court’s latter decision.3 (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No.

186.)

II.

The transcript of Makozy’s sentencing hearing makes clear that the District Court

sentenced him on Count 6. See Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 66. To the extent that the District

Court’s oral pronouncement at sentencing conflicts with his amended judgment of

2 Makozy’s amended judgment of sentence was entered about a week after his original judgment of sentence. Both versions contain the above-quoted text. (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 52, at 1; Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 59, at 1.) 3 We have jurisdiction over this appeal pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the District Court’s denial of Makozy’s motion to reconsider for abuse of discretion, exercising de novo review over the District Court’s legal conclusions and reviewing its factual findings for clear error. See United States ex rel. Schumann v. Astrazeneca Pharms. L.P., 769 F.3d 837, 848 (3d Cir. 2014).

3 sentence, the former controls. See United States v. Perez-Colon, 62 F.4th 805, 807 n.1

(3d Cir. 2023). Accordingly, regardless of whether the above-quoted text from Makozy’s

amended judgment of sentence was a typographical error (it surely was), there is no merit

to his claim that the District Court dismissed all counts against him. And since that

indisputably meritless claim was the basis for his motion to expunge his criminal record,

there was no reason for the District Court to reconsider its denial of that motion.4 See

Max’s Seafood Cafe ex rel. Lou-Ann, Inc. v. Quinteros, 176 F.3d 669, 677 (3d Cir. 1999)

(explaining that reconsideration is warranted only if the movant shows that (1) there has

been “an intervening change in the controlling law,” (2) there is new evidence that bears

on the district court’s underlying decision, or (3) there is a “need to correct a clear error

of law or fact or to prevent manifest injustice”).

Because this appeal does not present a substantial question, we grant the

Government’s motion and will summarily affirm the District Court’s judgment. See 3d

Cir. I.O.P. 10.6. Makozy’s motion for appointment of counsel is denied, as are his other,

miscellaneous requests for relief.

4 To the extent that this appeal intended to include a direct challenge to the District Court’s decision denying Makozy’s motion to expunge, that challenge is meritless for the reasons discussed above. To the extent that his motion for reconsideration mentioned issues that did not bear on the question of whether to grant reconsideration, (Dist. Ct. Dkt. No. 184, at 1-2), he failed to establish that he was entitled to any relief with respect to those issues.