United States v. Fajardo Campos

CourtDistrict Court, District of Columbia
DecidedApril 10, 2026
DocketCriminal No. 2016-0154
StatusPublished

This text of United States v. Fajardo Campos (United States v. Fajardo Campos) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, District of Columbia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Fajardo Campos, (D.D.C. 2026).

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

LUZ IRENE FAJARDO CAMPOS, Petitioner, Civil Action No. 26-355 (JDB) v. Criminal Action No. 16-154 (JDB)

UNITED STATES, Respondent.

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Fajardo Campos, a federal prisoner, was convicted after a jury trial for conspiracy to import

cocaine and methamphetamine into the United States. She now moves collaterally to vacate her

sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 on the grounds that her trial and appellate counsel were

constitutionally ineffective. In the alternative, she seeks an evidentiary hearing so that she may

bolster her claims. She also moves for the appointment of counsel. However, the record

conclusively shows that trial counsel’s performance was generally not deficient, and that in any

event Fajardo Campos cannot show prejudice from any deficiency. Accordingly, the Court will

deny her motions to vacate and to appoint counsel, and deny an evidentiary hearing.

Background

After a jury trial, Fajardo Campos was found guilty on December 18, 2019, of conspiracy

to distribute five or more kilograms of cocaine and 500 or more grams of methamphetamine into

the United States. Verdict Form, Dkt. 108. On July 27, 2021, the Court sentenced Fajardo Campos

1 to 22 years in prison. Judgment 3, Dkt. 139.1 Following her appeal, the D.C. Circuit affirmed the

judgment of conviction and her sentence on May 23, 2025. United States v. Fajardo Campos, 137

F.4th 840, 846, 857 (D.C. Cir. 2025).2 Fajardo Campos sought rehearing en banc after the panel

decision, which the D.C. Circuit denied. United States v. Fajardo Campos, No. 21-3051, 2025

WL 2309027, at *1 (D.C. Cir. Aug. 11, 2025). On February 5, 2026, Fajardo Campos filed this

pro se motion to vacate, set aside, or correct her sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. Mot. to Vacate,

Dkt. 168. The Court ordered the government to respond and gave Fajardo Campos an opportunity

to reply. See Min. Order (Feb. 9, 2026); Gov’t’s Opp’n, Dkt. 170; Def.’s Reply, Dkt. 172.3 The

motion is now fully briefed and ripe for review.

Legal Standards

A federal prisoner may move the sentencing court to vacate, set aside, or correct

the sentence “upon the ground that the sentence was imposed in violation of the Constitution or

laws of the United States,” among other grounds for relief. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(a). As relevant here,

a prisoner must do so within one year of the judgment of conviction becoming final. 28 U.S.C.

§ 2255(f)(1); see also Clay v. United States, 537 U.S. 522, 527 (2003) (explaining that a judgment

becomes final when the time for seeking certiorari expires). Thus, Fajardo Campos has timely

1 Sentencing followed numerous motions to continue that another judge in this District granted before the case was reassigned to this Court. 2 Oral argument took place on January 16, 2025, following numerous motions for extensions to briefing deadlines that the D.C. Circuit granted. 3 Courts have discretion to deny a motion under section 2255 without notifying the government if “the motion and the files and records of the case conclusively show that the prisoner is entitled to no relief.” 28 U.S.C. § 2255(b). The fact that the Court ordered the government to respond here should not be taken as any indication of the Court’s initial view of the strength of Fajardo Campos’s claims. In reply, Fajardo Campos also expressly moved for the appointment of counsel, which she had requested as a form of relief in her motion to vacate. See Mot. for Appointment of Counsel, Dkt. 173.

2 sought relief. Because Fajardo Campos filed her motion pro se, the Court must also construe it

liberally. See, e.g., Dufur v. U.S. Parole Comm’n, 34 F.4th 1090, 1096 (D.C. Cir. 2022).

Under section 2255, a court must grant a prompt evidentiary hearing unless the record

conclusively shows that the prisoner is not entitled to relief. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(b). The D.C.

Circuit, however, has interpreted section 2255 to require a hearing “[o]nly where the . . . motion

raises ‘detailed and specific’ factual allegations whose resolution requires information outside of

the record or the judge’s ‘personal knowledge’ or recollection.” United States v. Pollard, 959 F.2d

1011, 1031 (D.C. Cir. 1992) (quoting Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 495 (1962)).

And no hearing is required where the prisoner’s claims are “vague, conclusory, or palpably

incredible.” Id. A court that did not preside over the trial may still deny a section 2255 motion

without a hearing where the claims are “speculative” or “do[] not necessitate the consideration of

any information not within the record or within the memory of the judge ruling on the motion.”

United States v. Morrison, 98 F.3d 619, 625-26 (D.C. Cir. 1996)).4 The decision on whether to

hold a hearing is “committed to the district court’s discretion.” Pollard, 959 F.2d at 1031.

Fajardo Campos identifies seventeen bases for relief, all of which relate to alleged

ineffective assistance of counsel. See Def.’s Mem. of Points & Auths. 2-3, Dkt. 168-1 (Def.’s

Mem.); U.S. Const. amend. VI (guaranteeing criminal defendants the right to counsel). She

challenges the performance of both her trial counsel and her appellate counsel. Def.’s Mot. 11,

Dkt. 168. To prevail on such a claim, Fajardo Campos must show (1) “that counsel’s performance

was deficient” and (2) “that the deficient performance prejudiced the defense.” Strickland v.

Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). Strickland’s first prong is satisfied where counsel’s

performance “fell below an objective standard of reasonableness . . . under prevailing professional

4 This Court presided over the sentencing but not the trial.

3 norms . . . considering all the circumstances.” Id. at 688. There is a “strong presumption that

counsel’s conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance.” Id. at 689.

The second prong requires that the defendant “show that there is a reasonable probability that, but

for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different,” where

a “reasonable probability” means “a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the

outcome.” Id. at 694. These standards apply equally in the habeas context. Id. at 697.

Ineffective assistance of counsel claims require a fact-finding hearing unless the “record

alone conclusively shows that the defendant is entitled to no relief.” United States v. Fennell, 53

F.3d 1296, 1303-04 (D.C. Cir. 1995), rev’d on other grounds on reh’g, 77 F.3d 510 (D.C. Cir.

1996) (citing United States v.

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Related

MacHibroda v. United States
368 U.S. 487 (Supreme Court, 1962)
Brady v. United States
397 U.S. 742 (Supreme Court, 1970)
Strickland v. Washington
466 U.S. 668 (Supreme Court, 1984)
Clay v. United States
537 U.S. 522 (Supreme Court, 2003)
United States v. Dominguez Benitez
542 U.S. 74 (Supreme Court, 2004)
United States v. Gurr, Bernard
471 F.3d 144 (D.C. Circuit, 2006)
United States v. Lavance Greene
834 F.2d 1067 (D.C. Circuit, 1988)
United States v. Jonathan Jay Pollard
959 F.2d 1011 (D.C. Circuit, 1992)
United States v. Maria L. Sayan
968 F.2d 55 (D.C. Circuit, 1992)
Martel v. Clair
132 S. Ct. 1276 (Supreme Court, 2012)
Lafler v. Cooper
132 S. Ct. 1376 (Supreme Court, 2012)
United States v. Sean M. Fennell
53 F.3d 1296 (D.C. Circuit, 1995)
United States v. Michael A. Sullivan
56 F.3d 1532 (D.C. Circuit, 1995)
United States v. Sean M. Fennell
77 F.3d 510 (D.C. Circuit, 1996)
United States v. Darryl Wayne Askew
88 F.3d 1065 (D.C. Circuit, 1996)
United States v. Ron Morrison
98 F.3d 619 (D.C. Circuit, 1996)
Mayle v. Felix
545 U.S. 644 (Supreme Court, 2005)
United States v. Ian Watson
717 F.3d 196 (D.C. Circuit, 2013)
United States v. Fraser Verrusio
762 F.3d 1 (D.C. Circuit, 2014)

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