United States v. David Williams

478 F. App'x 364

Opinions

MEMORANDUM

Footnotes

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Defendant David Williams was charged with, inter alia, conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 21 U.S.C. § 846. He requested a jury instruction on sentencing entrapment, but the district court declined to give his requested instruction, holding that sentencing entrapment was a question for the sentencing judge, not the jury. Williams then entered a conditional guilty plea in which, inter alia, Williams: (1) pled guilty to a drug trafficking conspiracy involving one hundred kilograms of cocaine; (2) reserved his right to present his sentencing entrapment defense to the district court at sentencing; and (3) reserved his right to appeal the denial of his requested jury instruction. At sentencing, the district court found that Williams had been the victim of sentencing entrapment, justifying a sentence below the ten-year statutory mandatory minimum for a § 841 violation involving five kilograms or more of cocaine. See 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(l)(A)(ii). The district court sentenced Williams to five years on the § 841 count, for a total sentence of ten years. The government now appeals Williams’s sentence which was below the mandatory minimum, and Williams conditionally cross-appeals the refusal to give a jury instruction on sentencing entrapment.

We affirm. In his written plea agreement and in the plea colloquy, Williams reserved his right to assert sentencing entrapment at sentencing. We see no reason why the parties could not agree that Williams’s guilty plea would be contingent on his ability to raise sentencing entrapment at sentencing. The district court accepted the agreement with that reservation and, ultimately, acted upon it. Moreover, the government’s agreements should be enforced. See Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 262, 92 S.Ct. 495, 30 L.Ed.2d 427 (1971); United States v. Franco-Lopez, 312 F.3d 984, 989 (9th Cir.2002); cf. United States v. Briggs, 623 F.3d 724, 727, 730 (9th Cir.2010).

We cannot now disregard that principle and declare that for purposes of his plea Williams agreed to the one hundred kilograms of cocaine, if he could argue at sentencing that it was due to sentencing entrapment, but he is bound to the first part of the agreement and is not entitled to enforce the second part. That result would be anoetic.

The government also challenges the district court’s finding that Williams was in fact subjected to sentencing entrapment. We disagree. The district court did not clearly err in finding that the government structured the sting operation in such a way as to maximize the sentence imposed upon Williams without regard for his culpability or ability to commit the crime on his own. See United States v. Schafer, 625 F.3d 629, 639-640 (9th Cir.2010).

Because we affirm Williams’s sentence in the government’s appeal, we need not, and do not, reach Williams’s conditional cross appeal.

AFFIRMED.

This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.