United States v. Court

18 M.J. 724
CourtU S Air Force Court of Military Review
DecidedJune 27, 1984
DocketACM 24200
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 18 M.J. 724 (United States v. Court) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering U S Air Force Court of Military Review primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Court, 18 M.J. 724 (usafctmilrev 1984).

Opinion

DECISION

O’HAIR, Judge:

Tried by a general court-martial with members, the accused was charged with committing an indecent assault on BC, in violation of Article 134, 10 U.S.C. § 934 (Charge I), attempted rape of BC, in violation of Article 80, 10 U.S.C. § 880 (Charge II), and two identical indecent assault and attempted rape specifications under Article 133, 10 U.S.C. § 933, as conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman (Additional Charge). Contrary to his pleas, he was found guilty of the two indecent assault specifications, and, by exceptions and substitutions, not guilty of attempted rape, but guilty of indecent assault, under both Articles 134 and 133. He was sentenced to be dismissed from the service, to be confined at hard labor for six months and to forfeit all pay and allowances. On appeal the accused has assigned five errors, each of which will be addressed below.

The offenses occurred at the culmination of an evening of socializing, eating and drinking at a progressive dinner party attended by the accused, the victim (BC), and other members of the accused’s flight. BC had recently arrived at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan, and although her husband was not a member of the accused’s flight, she was invited to attend the dinner party alone because her husband was away on temporary duty. BC agreed to attend this dinner party because it would give her an opportunity to meet many of the people in her husband’s squadron. BC had met the accused 8V2 years before when he was her husband’s roommate at Officer Training School. Both men were later stationed at Shaw Air Force Bare, although in different units. She did not consider the accused a close, personal friend of her or her husband, although they did enjoy a speaking acquaintanceship.

On the evening in question, BC initially encountered the accused at the first of the three homes hosting the dinner. At this home the accused drank a number of glasses of margarita punch and was drinking alcoholic beverages for the next several hours. BC indicated she had no more than two glasses of the punch. There was testimony that by the end of the evening the accused had become boisterous, loud and rowdy, but in control of himself. During the party’s progress, BC and the accused engaged in several casual conversations, danced one slow dance together, and walked together between the first and second houses, as well as the second and third houses. While walking they sometimes had their arms around each other, at other times they were holding hands, and once the accused kissed her. BC explained that she found these displays of affection by the accused to be uncomfortable and unsolicited; however, because of her unfamiliarity with this group of people she tolerated this behavior as she did not want to create a [726]*726spectacle by conspicuously shunning the accused’s aggressiveness.

The conduct serving as the basis for these charges occurred after BC accepted the accused’s offer to walk her the few blocks to her home where her and another family’s children were being cared for by a babysitter. As the two reached her house, the accused directed her to some Japanese tombs across the street from her house. There he pulled her up the several levels of two to two and one half foot tall stone blocks. While still holding on to her, he proceeded to kiss her, pull the side of her sundress down to her waist, caress and bite her breasts, and finally he placed her hand on his penis. BC said she physically resisted his advances and was finally able to free herself from his grasp and jump down from the tombs. The accused then quickly followed her and apologized profusely. Rather than immediately run to her house, BC decided to go to the home of one of the party participants to retrieve her purse containing her house keys. The accused accompanied her there and when they found the occupant was not home yet, the accused offered to drive her back to the party, as his car was parked nearby. She had accepted the accused’s apologies and believed she need not be concerned about any further amorous advances by him. Once in his car, he again tried to kiss her and also succeeded in putting his hand under her dress, pulling down the front of her pantyhose and inserting a finger in her vagina. After vigorously resisting this behavior, BC managed to open the car door and escape. She resumed her trip to retrieve her purse and shortly thereafter she was seen by two ladies who were driving home from the party. She accepted their offer of a ride and they immediately observed that she was hysterical and having difficulty catching her breath. They took her to one of their homes where she settled down somewhat and informed them she “almost got raped.”

At trial the accused relied on an intoxication defense and alcoholic amnesia. He testified that the only events that he could remember after leaving the party with BC were the two of them french kissing at the tombs and her gently removing his hands from her breasts.

The tombs encounter served as the basis for the charge of indecent assault under Article 134 and conduct unbecoming an officer under Article 133, whereas the encounter in the car was charged as attempted rape, Article 80 and conduct unbecoming an officer under Article 133. The military judge provided the traditional instructions for the charged offenses, as well as instructing that committing indecent, lewd and lascivious acts was a lesser included offense (LIO) of indecent assault (tombs incident) and that both indecent assault and committing indecent, lewd and lascivious acts were LIOs of the attempted rape (car incident). Sample findings for each of the LIOs were prepared by the government and given to the court members with the findings worksheet.

I

A mistake of fact instruction was not given to the members, nor was one requested. In fact, this issue was raised for the first time on appeal. The accused now asserts that the military judge erred by not sua sponte providing an instruction on mistake of fact, one that would have required the court to find the accused not guilty unless they were convinced beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused did not honestly and reasonably believe BC consented to his sexual advances. This area of the law is unsettled and, although it is frequently raised, there is no military authority for the general proposition that mistake of fact can be a defense to a charge of rape or indecent assault. In most instances where appellants have raised such a defense on appeal, the courts have effectively skirted the issue by surmising that the evidence presented at trial did not raise the issue of mistake of fact. Given that, the failure to give the instruction was harmless; and we hold the same in this case. United States v. Mahone, 14 M.J. 521 (A.F.C.M.R.1982); United States v. [727]*727Perry, 12 M.J. 920 (N.M.C.M.R.1982); United States v. Keeve, 2 M.J. 290 (A.F.C.M.R.1976).

The victim in this case, admittedly, acted naively and without good sense with regard to her interactions with the accused during and after the dinner, but nowhere do we find that she even hinted or suggested that she would or did consent to the sexual advances proffered by the accused.

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Related

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25 M.J. 281 (United States Court of Military Appeals, 1987)
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Bluebook (online)
18 M.J. 724, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-court-usafctmilrev-1984.