United States v. Broom

699 F. Supp. 88, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10686, 1988 WL 109994
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Louisiana
DecidedSeptember 20, 1988
DocketCrim. A. No. 88-149
StatusPublished

This text of 699 F. Supp. 88 (United States v. Broom) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Louisiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Broom, 699 F. Supp. 88, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10686, 1988 WL 109994 (E.D. La. 1988).

Opinion

MINUTE ENTRY

ROBERT F. COLLINS, District Judge.

Defendant, Earl Broom, has moved the Court to grant a new trial in the above captioned criminal matter. For the following reasons, that motion is now DENIED.

On July 1, 1988, defendant was convicted of extortion. Specifically, Broom was charged with attempting to extort one Keith Fogg through fear of economic harm and under color of official right while he was a member of the Causeway Commission. Broom now argues that the Court improperly suppressed evidence of Fogg’s use of drugs and that he is entitled to a new trial.

At the time the Court ruled on the motion to suppress, the available information indicated that Fogg had entered the F. Edward Hebert Drug Center in 1985 for treatment relating to marijuana use, and that in March 1987, he was arrested in New Orleans for possession of V2 gram of cocaine and one marijuana cigarette. The Court excluded this information because: (1) there was no conviction; (2) such conduct was not probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness; (3) even if the evidence was of such a nature, it could be introduced only through opinion and reputation evidence; and (4) the events occurred outside the period alleged in the indictment of December 1987 through March 31, 1988.

After Broom was convicted, Fogg admitted, while testifying in another trial (United States v. Bodet, Crim.No. 88-148 (E.D.La.) that he had secretly been using cocaine in February and March, 1988 when he was cooperating with authorities and gathering evidence against Broom. Broom now argues that he should receive a new trial because this information is Brady material that was not disclosed. To establish a violation of the type enunciated in Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963), a defendant must prove: (1) the prosecution suppressed evidence; (2) the suppressed evidence was favorable to the defense; and (3) the suppressed evidence was material to the defense. United States v. Burns, 668 F.2d 855, 859 (5th Cir.1982).

First, as defense counsel, to his credit, acknowledged during oral argument on this motion, there is no proof that the prosecution had knowledge of Fogg using cocaine on February 16, 1988 at the Landmark Hotel or that the prosecution suppressed such evidence. Furthermore, the Fifth Circuit in Bums, stated that the Government does not have an obligation under Brady to do an investigation in an attempt to ferret out possible Brady information. Second, it is highly questionable whether or not the evidence of drug use was material to the defense. Thus, a Brady argument fails for lack of legal or factual support that evidence was suppressed or that it was material to the trial.

As a result, this Court is left only with the question of whether it abused its discretion in granting the Government’s Motion to Suppress. In light of the original arguments made by counsel, the defense was unable to demonstrate pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 608(b) that such evidence was probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness of the witness, Keith Fogg, nor could the defense establish pursuant to Rule 403 how the probative nature of such evidence substantially outweighed the prejudicial effect of admitting such information. United States v. Fortes, 619 F.2d 108, 118 (1st Cir.1980); United States v. Brown, 479 F.Supp. 1247, 1256 (D.Md.1979); United States v. Hastings, 577 F.2d 38, 41 (8th Cir.1978). Further, it would be ludicrous to suggest that the Court made an erroneous ruling because of information that neither the Court nor the Government was aware.

[90]*90Under Rule 33 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, a Court may grant a new trial “if required in the interest of justice.” The clause has been liberally construed to endow a trial court with broad powers to grant a new trial if for any reason the Court concludes that the trial has resulted in a miscarriage of justice. United States v. Leach, 427 F.2d 1107, 1111 (1st Cir.1970), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 829, 91 S.Ct. 95, 27 L.Ed.2d 59 (1970). However, motions founded on newly discovered evidence are not favored and must be viewed with great caution. United States v. Riley, 544 F.2d 237, 240 (5th Cir.1976), cert. denied, 430 U.S. 932, 97 S.Ct. 1554, 51 L.Ed.2d 777 (1977). Motions for new trial are addressed to the sound discretion of the trial judge. The denial of such a motion will be reversed only when the ruling is “so clearly erroneous that it amounts to an abuse of discretion.” United States v. Antone, 603 F.2d 566, 568 (5th Cir.1979).

To prevail, defendants must show: (1) the evidence was newly discovered and was unknown to the defendants at the time of trial; (2) the evidence was material, not merely cumulative or impeaching; (3) it would probably produce an acquittal; and (4) failure to learn of the evidence was due to no lack of diligence on the part of the defendants. United States v. Antone, 603 F.2d at 568; United States v. Simmons, 714 F.2d 29 (5th Cir.1983); United States v. Mack, 695 F.2d 820, 822 (5th Cir.1983).

An exception exists where it is shown that the Government’s case included false testimony and the prosecution knew or should have known of the falsehood. In that event, a new trial must be held if there is any reasonable likelihood that the false testimony, would have affected the judgment of the jury. United States v. Antone, 603 F.2d at 568-69; United States v. Geders, 625 F.2d 31, 33 (5th Cir.1980). This standard is less stringent than the more onerous burden of proving that the false testimony would probably produce an acquittal. However, the Fifth Circuit has never held this relaxed standard to apply to cases involving perjury by a Government witness that is unknown to the prosecution at trial.

Broom argues that the more liberal test should be applied to this case, because the Government knew that Fogg had taken drugs during the relevant time period. The Court, after holding an evidentiary hearing on the matter, is presented with no substantive evidence which indicates that the Government knew that Fogg had lied about the extent of his drug use.

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Related

Brady v. Maryland
373 U.S. 83 (Supreme Court, 1963)
United States v. George B. Riley
544 F.2d 237 (Fifth Circuit, 1976)
United States v. Zack O'Farrell Hastings
577 F.2d 38 (Eighth Circuit, 1978)
United States v. John A. Geders
625 F.2d 31 (Fifth Circuit, 1980)
United States v. William T. Burns
668 F.2d 855 (Fifth Circuit, 1982)
United States v. William Arthur Widgery
674 F.2d 710 (Eighth Circuit, 1982)
United States v. David L. Mack
695 F.2d 820 (Fifth Circuit, 1983)
United States v. John Allen Simmons, Jr.
714 F.2d 29 (Fifth Circuit, 1983)
United States v. Brown
479 F. Supp. 1247 (D. Maryland, 1979)
United States v. Mesa
660 F.2d 1070 (Fifth Circuit, 1981)
Wilshire Oil Co. of Texas v. United States
400 U.S. 829 (Supreme Court, 1970)

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Bluebook (online)
699 F. Supp. 88, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10686, 1988 WL 109994, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-broom-laed-1988.