United States v. Bandy

Procedural entryThis page is a short order in United States v. Bandy. Read the opinion of the Court — 59 F. App'x 611
Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided January 30, 2001·No. 99-5242·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

81,7(' 67$7(6 2) $0(5,&$ ; 3ODLQWLII$SSHOOHH    1R Y  !  0,&+$(/ %$1'<  'HIHQGDQW$SSHOODQW  1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH0LGGOH'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW&RRNHYLOOH 1Rn5REHUW/(FKROV&KLHI'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG6HSWHPEHU 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHGsDQXDU\ %HIRUH%2**6DQG68+5+(,15,&+&LUFXLWsXGJHV $/'5,&+'LVWULFWsXGJH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ $5*8('  ,UZLQ % 9HQLFN '2%%,16  9(1,&. 1DVKYLOOH 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOODQW  %\URQ 0 sRQHV $66,67$17 81,7(' 67$7(6 $77251(< 1DVKYLOOH

7KH +RQRUDEOH $QQ $OGULFK 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW sXGJH IRU WKH 1RUWKHUQ 'LVWULFW RI 2KLR VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ

  8QLWHG6WDWHVY%DQG\ 1R

7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOOHH  21 %5,()  ,UZLQ % 9HQLFN '2%%,16 9(1,&.1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOODQW %\URQ 0 sRQHV $66,67$17 81,7(' 67$7(6 $77251(<1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOOHH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 68+5+(,15,&+&LUFXLWsXGJH'HIHQGDQWDSSHDOVWKH MXGJPHQW RI FRQYLFWLRQ IRU DUPHG EDQN UREEHU\ XVH RI D ILUHDUP GXULQJ FRPPLVVLRQ RI D IHORQ\ DQG DLGLQJ DQG DEHWWLQJ  :H $)),50 KLV FRQYLFWLRQV  +RZHYHU ZH 5(9(56(KLVVHQWHQFHIRUXVHRIDILUHDUPGXULQJDIHORQ\ DQG5(0$1'IRUUHVHQWHQFLQJLQOLJKWRI&DVWLOORY8QLWHG 6WDWHV  86   6 &W   / (G G    ,%$&.*5281' 2Q 1RYHPEHU   DURXQG  SP 'HIHQGDQW 0LFKDHO %DQG\ DQG 5RJHU sRQHV HQWHUHG WKH +HUPLWDJH 6SULQJV EUDQFK RI &LWL]HQV %DQN LQ 5HG %RLOLQJ  6SULQJV 0DFRQ &RXQW\ 7HQQHVVHH DQG UREEHG LW  sRQHV FDUULHG D VKRUWEDUUHOHGVKRWJXQ'HIHQGDQWDSSHDUHGWRKDYHDEODFN VHPLDXWRPDWLF KDQGJXQ ZKLFK ODWHU SURYHG WR EH D SHOOHW JXQ'HIHQGDQWRUGHUHGWKHEUDQFKPDQDJHUWRORDGDEODFN EDJ ZLWK PRQH\ WDNHQ IURP WKH YDXOW DQG IURP WKH WHOOHUV

GUDZHUV'HIHQGDQWDQGsRQHVWRRNDERXW 'HIHQGDQW DQG s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

6SHFLILFDOO\ZHREVHUYHWKDWWKHVKRUWEDUUHOHGVKRWJXQPD\ WKH\ ZDQWHG WR FDOO VRPHRQH WR SLFN WKHP XS LQ QHDUE\ QRWEHXVHGWRLPSRVHDPDQGDWRU\WHQ\HDUVHQWHQFHXQGHU +ROODQG.HQWXFN\$UHVLGHQWDWWKDWKRXVHGURYHWKHWKUHH 86&†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sRQHVFDUULHGDVKHIOHGWKHEDQN7KHVKRWJXQ ZDVZRUNLQJSURSHUO\ZKHQWHVWHGODWHUE\DQDJHQWRIWKH %XUHDXRI$OFRKRO7REDFFRDQG)LUHDUPV )ROORZLQJ WKHLU DUUHVWV 'HIHQGDQW sRQHV DQG :HEE DGPLWWHGSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQWKHEDQNUREEHU\'HIHQGDQWDOVR DGPLWWHG WKDW KH DQG sRQHV SODQQHG WKH UREEHU\ WKDW KH sRQHVDQG:HEEH[HFXWHGWKHUREEHU\WKDWKHXVHGDSHOOHW JXQWKDWsRQHVFDUULHGDVKRWJXQDQGWKDW:HEEVWD\HGLQWKH JHWDZD\ FDU  'HIHQGDQW DOVR DGPLWWHG WKDW KH RUGHUHG WKH PDQDJHU WR JDWKHU WKH PRQH\ DQG WKDW KH KDG VWROHQ WKH JHWDZD\ FDU DQG OLFHQVH SODWH DERXW D PRQWK EHIRUH WKH UREEHU\  :HEE DQG sRQHV WHVWLILHG WKDW 'HIHQGDQW KDG DSSURDFKHGWKHPDERXWUREELQJWKHEDQNKDGSURYLGHGWKH ZHDSRQVDQGKDGLQVLVWHGWKDWWKH\IROORZWKURXJKZLWKWKH UREEHU\ZKHQWKH\VKRZHGVRPHUHOXFWDQFH  8QLWHG6WDWHVY%DQG\ 1R 1R 8QLWHG6WDWHVY%DQG\ 

'HIHQGDQW ZDV FKDUJHG ZLWK DUPHG EDQN UREEHU\ LQ 7KH &DVWLOOR GHIHQGDQWV DUJXHG WKDW WKH W\SH RI ZHDSRQ YLRODWLRQRI86&†XVLQJDQGFDUU\LQJDILUHDUPLQ XVHG WR FRPPLW WKH FULPH ZDV D VHSDUDWH HOHPHQW RI D WKHFRPPLVVLRQRIDEDQNUREEHU\LQYLRODWLRQRI86& GLIIHUHQW FULPH WKDW VKRXOG EH SURYHQ EH\RQG D UHDVRQDEOH † F DQGDLGLQJDQGDEHWWLQJLQYLRODWLRQRI86& GRXEWDQGZDVQRWPHUHO\DVHQWHQFLQJIDFWRUDQGSURYHQE\ †'HIHQGDQWZDVFRQYLFWHGRIDOORIIHQVHV,QVHQWHQFLQJ PHUHO\DSUHSRQGHUDQFHRIWKHHYLGHQFH7KH&RXUWH[DPLQHG 'HIHQGDQWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHWHUPLQHGWKDW'HIHQGDQWZDV WKHVWDWXWHDQGGLVWLQJXLVKHGEHWZHHQWUDGLWLRQDOVHQWHQFLQJ DOHDGHUDQGRUJDQL]HU7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWDOVRGHWHUPLQHGWKDW IDFWRUVVXFKDVWKHRIIHQVH VFKDUDFWHULVWLFVDQGWKHRIIHQGHU V WKH VKRWJXQ ZDV D VKRUWEDUUHOHG VKRWJXQ XQGHU  86& FULPLQDOKLVWRU\DQGQRQWUDGLWLRQDOIDFWRUVVXFKDVILUHDUP †  D   DQG VHQWHQFHG KLP XQGHU  86& HQKDQFHPHQWV  7KH &RXUW UHDVRQHG WKDW WKH GLIIHUHQFH †  &  % L  ZKLFK LPSRVHV D WHQ\HDU VWDWXRU\ EHWZHHQWKHDFWRIXVLQJRUFDUU\LQJD ILUHDUP DQGWKHDFWRI PLQLPXP'HIHQGDQWUDLVHVIRXULVVXHV XVLQJ RU FDUU\LQJ D PDFKLQH JXQ  LV ERWK VXEVWDQWLYH DQG VXEVWDQWLDOD FRQFOXVLRQ WKDW VXSSRUWV D VHSDUDWH FULPH

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

United States v. Bandy, (6th Cir. 2001).

United States v. Bandy (United States v. Bandy) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.