United States v. Alvin J. Johnson

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
• Decided: September 19, 1997
• Docket: 97-2480
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

United States Court of Appeals FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT _____________

No. 97-2480EA _____________

United States of America, * * Appellee, * Appeal from the United States * District Court for the Eastern v. * District of Arkansas. * Alvin J. Johnson, also known as Albert * [UNPUBLISHED] Johnson, * * Appellant. * _____________

Submitted: September 16, 1997 Filed: September 19, 1997 _____________

Before FAGG, BOWMAN, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges. _____________

PER CURIAM.

Alvin J. Johnson appeals from the guidelines sentence imposed by the district court. On appeal, Johnson renews the challenge he made in the district court, namely, the 100-to-1 sentencing ratio for crack versus powder cocaine violates Johnson's equal protection and due process rights. Johnson's challenge, however, is foreclosed by our decisions upholding the constitutionality of the 100-to-1 ratio. See, e.g., United States v. Carter, 91 F.3d 1196, 1197-99 (8th Cir. 1996) (per curiam); United States v. Jackson, 67 F.3d 1359, 1367 (8th Cir. 1995), cert. denied, 116 S. Ct. 1684 (1996); see also United States v. Jackson, 64 F.3d 1213, 1220 (8th Cir. 1995) (rejecting challenge based on rule of lenity), cert. denied, 116 S. Ct. 966 (1996).

Accoridngly, we affirm Johnson's sentence.

A true copy.

Attest:

CLERK, U.S. COURT OF APPEALS, EIGHTH CIRCUIT.

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