United States v. Alvin Edgeworth

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedMay 2, 2018
Docket17-2074
StatusPublished

This text of United States v. Alvin Edgeworth (United States v. Alvin Edgeworth) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Alvin Edgeworth, (7th Cir. 2018).

Opinion

In the

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________________ No. 17‐2074 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff‐Appellee,

v.

ALVIN L. EDGEWORTH, Defendant‐Appellant. ____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 1:15‐cr‐00015‐1 — Charles R. Norgle, Judge. ____________________

ARGUED APRIL 18, 2018 — DECIDED MAY 2, 2018 ____________________

Before WOOD, Chief Judge, and FLAUM and EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judges. FLAUM, Circuit Judge. Defendant‐appellant Alvin Edge‐ worth was convicted of bank robbery and brandishing a fire‐ arm. Edgeworth seeks a new trial, asserting the district court erred by: (1) denying his motion to suppress and failing to grant an evidentiary hearing relating to his motion to sup‐ press; (2) conducting a flawed jury selection process and de‐ 2 No. 17‐2074

clining to excuse a juror; and (3) applying a two‐level en‐ hancement for taking a financial institution’s property. We af‐ firm. I. Background On January 9, 2015, Belmont Bank & Trust, located on Wacker Drive in Chicago, was robbed. The robber wore a yel‐ low construction helmet, reflective vest, and a neck warmer wrapped around his face and neck. The robber approached a teller, held a firearm so the teller could see it, and demanded money. The teller gave the robber approximately $3,000 and included a GPS tracking device in the cash bundles. After the robber left, the teller called 911 and a manager pushed the bank alarm. Law enforcement responded and within ten minutes, a person matching the teller’s description was located running south on State Street. The pursuit led to an underground train platform where the individual at‐ tempted to flee via the train tracks. The police apprehended the individual, returned him to the platform, and performed a search. They found the bank’s stolen money, the GPS tracker, and the construction outfit that matched the teller’s descrip‐ tion. They also recovered a loaded revolver from his waist‐ band. The individual identified himself as Alvin Edgeworth, the defendant. Police transported Edgeworth to a FBI facility for processing, where he provided a video‐recorded post‐ar‐ rest statement. Prior to trial, Edgeworth filed a motion to suppress state‐ ments from his interrogation and requested an evidentiary hearing. Edgeworth’s motion to suppress contained three al‐ legations: (1) “that police officers physically assaulted him once he was placed in custody”; (2) “that officers physically No. 17‐2074 3

coerced him into making statements the government intends to use in its case in chief”; and (3) “that officers made state‐ ments that made him believe that if he would not cooperate with law enforcement, he would be sent to prison for a long time.” The district court denied Edgeworth’s motion, holding he did not allege sufficient facts to make out a “prima facie showing of illegality.” Edgeworth proceeded to trial in January 2017. During voir dire, one potential juror indicated she needed to return to col‐ lege later that week. The judge did not follow up on her state‐ ment. Nevertheless, along with eleven others, she was seated on the jury. An alternate was also chosen. After the government’s case in chief, the college‐bound ju‐ ror presented a note to the district court which read, in rele‐ vant part: Hello. My name is []. When being interviewed on Tuesday I said that I am leaving to return to school tomorrow, Thursday, January 12th, to at‐ tend a mandatory orientation for a class Friday. Tomorrow is the only day my parents were able to take off work this week to take me. I do wish I had another option. Judge Norgle continued with another unrelated question when I men‐ tioned I needed to go back Thursday. Therefore I did not want to question him, and I assumed he heard me. When I was chosen, I thought that was because he believed it would be over by the end of the day. I apologize for any inconven‐ ience this causes, and I do wish I could be here tomorrow. Due to the inflexible above circum‐ stances, I will not be able to attend tomorrow. 4 No. 17‐2074

The court asked the parties whether they believed the ju‐ ror should remain on the jury. The government stated the ju‐ ror should remain for the rest of the trial. Defense counsel stated: “I’m in agreement with the government, your Honor. I think she should stay.” As a result, the district court advised the juror that “[y]ou are to remain on this jury and be here on time tomorrow morning at 10:00 A.M.” Jury deliberations began the next day. The jury convicted Edgeworth of bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) and brandishing a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A)(ii). Edgeworth filed a post‐trial motion seeking judgment of acquittal and a new trial. The district court de‐ nied the motion. On May 18, 2017, the court conducted a sentencing hear‐ ing. Edgeworth objected to the application of a two‐level en‐ hancement for taking a financial institution’s property. He noted that he “simply raise[d] this objection to preserve his appellate record” given Seventh Circuit precedent. The dis‐ trict court sentenced Edgeworth to 108 months’ imprison‐ ment—24 months for the bank robbery conviction and 84 months for brandishing a firearm during a crime of violence, to run consecutively. Edgeworth timely appealed. II. Discussion A. Motion to Suppress Edgeworth first argues the district court abused its discre‐ tion by denying his motion to suppress without conducting an evidentiary hearing. We disagree. We review a district court’s denial of a motion to suppress under a “dual standard of review”; we review legal conclusions de novo but findings of fact for clear error. United States v. Tepiew, 859 F.3d 452, 456 No. 17‐2074 5

(7th Cir. 2017). “A factual finding is clearly erroneous only if, after considering all the evidence, we cannot avoid or ignore a ‘definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made.’” United States v. Jackson, 598 F.3d 340, 344 (7th Cir. 2010) (quoting United States v. Burnside, 588 F.3d 511, 517 (7th Cir. 2009)). “We review the denial of an evidentiary hearing on a motion to suppress for abuse of discretion.” United States. v. Schreiber, 866 F.3d 776, 782 (7th Cir. 2017) (quoting United States v. Curlin, 638 F.3d 562, 564 (7th Cir. 2011)). “It is well established that ‘[e]videntiary hearings are not required as a matter of course.’” Id. at 781 (alteration in origi‐ nal) (quoting United States v. McGaughy, 485 F.3d 965, 969 (7th Cir. 2007)). “District courts are required to conduct eviden‐ tiary hearings only when a substantial claim is presented and there are disputed issues of material fact that will affect the outcome of the motion.” Curlin, 638 F.3d at 564. To obtain an evidentiary hearing relating to suppression of evidence, the defendant “bears the burden of making a prima facie showing of illegality.” United States v. Randle, 966 F.2d 1209, 1212 (7th Cir. 1992). “Reliance on vague, conclusory allegations is insuf‐ ficient.” Id.

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United States v. Alvin Edgeworth, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-alvin-edgeworth-ca7-2018.